High temperature (HT) polymer electrolyte membrande fuel cells (PEMFC) - A review

One possible solution of combating issues posed by climate change is the use of the High Temperature (HT) Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell (FC) in some applications. The typical HT-PEMFC operating temperatures are in the range of 100e200 o C which allows for co-generation of heat and power, high tolerance to fuel impurities and simpler system design. This paper reviews the current literature concerning the HT-PEMFC, ranging from cell materials to stack and stack testing. Only acid doped PBI membranes meet the US DOE (Department of Energy) targets for high temperature membranes operating under no humidification on both anode and cathode sides (barring the durability). This eliminates the stringent requirement for humidity however, they have many potential drawbacks including increased degradation, leaching of acid and incompatibility with current state-of-the-art fuel cell materials. In this type of fuel cell, the choice of membrane material determines the other fuel cell component material composition, for example when using an acid doped system, the flow field plate material must be carefully selected to take into account the advanced degradation. Novel research is required in all aspects of the fuel cell components in order to ensure that they meet stringent durability requirements for mobile applications.Web of Scienc

Procédé de synthèse de polymères pour réaliser des membranes anhydres pour piles à combustible

La présente invention concerne principalement des polymères pouvant être utilisés pour la fabrication d'une membrane à conduction protonique en l'absence d'eau. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication de ces polymères, les membranes pouvant être fabriquées à partir de ces monomères, ainsi que l'utilisation de ces membranes comme électrolyte solide polymère ou comme membrane échangeuse de protons au sein d'une pile à combustible. Dans une telle pile, un électrolyte est pris « en sandwich » entre deux couches actives qui sont le siège des réactions anodiques et cathodiques assurant la conversion de l'énergie chimique en énergie électrique. Selon cette configuration, l'électrolyte doit assurer le transfert protonique d'une couche active vers l'autre. A cet effet, les piles à combustible sont à électrolyte solide polymère (SPEFC pour Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cel1) ou à membrane échangeuse de protons (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) et sont certainement les plus élégantes en terme de conception et de fonctionnement

IMPROVED MONOMERS AND POLYMERS CARRYING IMIDAZOLE AND BENZIMIDAZOLE GROUPINGS, AND PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE CONTAINING THE SAME FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FUEL CELL

The invention relates to a monomer (6, 14) carrying an imidazole-type heterocycle (3). According to the invention, the chemical structure of said monomer (6, 14) comprises at least one unit of formula (I) wherein R1 comprises an alkenyl grouping and R2 comprises a grouping for protecting one of the nitrogen atoms of the heterocycle. The invention also relates to a monomer carrying a benzimidazole-type heterocycle, and to protected polymers obtained from said monomers, deprotected polymers produced by the protected polymers, a proton exchange membrane based on deprotected polymers, and a fuel cell provided with said membrane. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods for producing the above-mentioned monomers and polymers

MONOMERES ET POLYMERES AMELIORES PORTEURS DE GROUPEMENTS IMIDAZOLES ET BENZIMIDAZOLES ET MEMBRANES A CONDUCTION PROTONIQUE EN CONTENANT POUR LA FABRICATION D'UNE PILE A COMBUSTIBLE

La présente invention concerne principalement des monomères et polymères pouvant être utilisés pour la fabrication d'une membrane à conduction protonique en l'absence d'eau. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication de ces monomères et polymères, les membranes pouvant être fabriquées à partir de ces monomères, ainsi que l'utilisation de ces membranes comme électrolyte solide polymère ou comme membrane échangeuse de protons au sein d'une pile à combustible

IMPROVED MONOMERS AND POLYMERS CARRYING IMIDAZOLE AND BENZIMIDAZOLE GROUPINGS, AND PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE CONTAINING THE SAME FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FUEL CELL

The invention relates to a monomer (6, 14) carrying an imidazole-type heterocycle (3). According to the invention, the chemical structure of said monomer (6, 14) comprises at least one unit of formula (I) wherein R1 comprises an alkenyl grouping and R2 comprises a grouping for protecting one of the nitrogen atoms of the heterocycle. The invention also relates to a monomer carrying a benzimidazole-type heterocycle, and to protected polymers obtained from said monomers, deprotected polymers produced by the protected polymers, a proton exchange membrane based on deprotected polymers, and a fuel cell provided with said membrane. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods for producing the above-mentioned monomers and polymers

MONOMERES ET POLYMERES AMELIORES PORTEURS DE GROUPEMENTS IMIDAZOLES ET MEMBRANE A CONDUCTION PROTONIQUE EN CONTENANT POUR LA FABRICATION D'UNE PILE A COMBUSTIBLE

The invention relates to a monomer (6, 14) carrying an imidazole-type heterocycle (3). According to the invention, the chemical structure of said monomer (6, 14) comprises at least one unit of formula (I) wherein R1 comprises an alkenyl grouping and R2 comprises a grouping for protecting one of the nitrogen atoms of the heterocycle. The invention also relates to a monomer carrying a benzimidazole-type heterocycle, and to protected polymers obtained from said monomers, deprotected polymers produced by the protected polymers, a proton exchange membrane based on deprotected polymers, and a fuel cell provided with said membrane. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods for producing the above-mentioned monomers and polymers