Acute renal failure: Effects of heme oxygenase inhibitor SnMP on renal function in acute ischemic renal failure in rats

Nach dem heutigen Wissenstand wird die Hämoxygenase-1 unter pathologischen Bedingunge der Niere, z.B. Ischämie, expremiert. Man nimmt an, dass die Hämoxygenase-1 eine Schutzfunktion für die Niere besitzt. Um dies zu bestätigen, führten wir eine tierexperimentelle Arbeit mit Ratten (n=101) durch in der wir durch Clamping der Nierenarterie ein reproduzierbares akutes ischämisches Nierenversagen induzierten. Bei einem Teil der Tiere wurde anschließend die Hämoxygenase durch injektion von SnMP gehemmt. Die Ratten wurden in 5 Gruppen randomisiert (Tag-0, Clamping+SnMP, Clamping+NaCl, Sham+SnMP, Sham+NaCl). In der Inulin/PAH-Clearance zeigte sich am ersten postoperativen Tag eine signifikante Verschlechterung bei den Clamping+SnMP-Tieren im Vergleich zu den Clamping+NaCl-Tieren. Die Ergebnisse wurden durch die erhöhten Retentionswerte und die erniedrigte PAH-Nettosekretion der Clamping+SnMP-Tiere unterstüzt. Die Gabe von SnMP hatte auf die nicht geclampte Niere bei den Sham-Tieren keinen Einfluss auf die Nierenfunktion. Dies zeigt, dass die Hämoxygenase-1 eine Schutzfunktion der Niere darstellt.In pathologic situation like ischemia, it is standard of knowledge, that there is an exprimation of heme oxygenase-1 in the kidney. In studies, it is assumed, that heme oxygenase-1 has a protective function on the kidney. To validate this hypothesis we did an animal testet research in rats (n=101). We induced a reproducible acute ischemic renal failure with clampin of the renal arteries. In some of the rats we gave SnMP after the clamping to inhibit the function of heme oxygenase. The rats were randomized in 5 groups (day-0, Clamping+SnMP, Clamping+NaCl, Sham+SnMP, Sham+NaCl). On the first postoperative day we could messure a significant decline of the Inulin/PAH-Clearance in Clamping+SnMP-rats in comparison with Clamping+NaCl-rats. Parallel there was an elevation of urea/cratinine and a declined PAH-net-secretion in Clamping+SnMP-rats. The injection of SnMP in non-clamping-rats in the sham group had no effect on renal function. This study proofs that hame oxygenase-1 has a protective function in ischemic renal failur

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)