Efecto de la ozonoterapia in-vitro y en caninos infectados naturalmente con protoparvovirus carnívoro 1 (CPPV -1)

La parvovirosis canina es causada por el Protoparvovirus carnívoro 1 (CPPV-1). A pesar de la vacunación extensa sigue siendo una de las principales causas infecciosas de mortalidad canina, alcanzando un 90% en animales que no reciben tratamiento. La infección produce un cuadro de gastroenteritis hemorrágica e inmunosupresión. No existen tratamientos específicos para la misma, por tanto, la base terapéutica es controlar la sintomatología clínica. El tratamiento con ozono presenta propiedades virucidas, inmunomoduladoras y analgésicas comprobadas por una extensa bibliografía científica. Por lo antes mencionado, este trabajo analizó el efecto de la ozonoterapia frente a CPPV-1 in-vivo e in-vitro. Para el análisis in-vitro se expusieron alícuotas de CPPV-1 a diferentes concentraciones de ozono, una similar a la utilizada en el tratamiento clínico y otra descrita para procesos de desinfección ambiental. Posteriormente esas alícuotas fueron analizadas utilizando la técnica de hemaglutinación (HA), la técnica de reducción del MTT y droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Para el análisis in-vivo se diseñaron 2 grupos de animales infectados naturalmente con CPPV-1, distribuidos aleatoriamente. Al grupo A se le aplicó el tratamiento convencional indicado por el veterinario a cargo y al grupo B se le aplicó tratamiento convencional y ozonoterapia concomitantemente. Se compararon la evolución clínica, los parámetros hematológicos, la seroconversión mediante la técnica de inhibición de la hemaglutinación y la carga de excreción viral mediante ddPCR. Se demostró un efecto nocivo del ozono in-vitro sobre CPPV-1, evidenciando una disminución en la capacidad hemaglutinante de la cápside viral y en el número de copias del material genético. En el tratamiento concomitante con ozonoterapia en caninos naturalmente infectados no se observaron diferencias estadísticas significativas en ninguno de los parámetros analizados entre ambos grupos. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados encontrados se puede concluir que la ozonoterapia posee potencial virucida in-vitro y por lo tanto es de esperar que pueda ser beneficiosa como agente terapéutico para esta enfermedad, debiéndose demostrar en futuros ensayos clínicos

Efecto de la ozonoterapia en el <i>Protoparvovirus carnívoro</i> tipo 1

El Parvovirus canino tipo 2, actualmente reclasificado y denominado Protoparvovirus carnívoro tipo 1 (CPPV-1), es uno de los agentes virales infecciosos más importante como causante de muerte de cachorros caninos. Produce una profusa diarrea hemorrágica y el tratamiento consiste en administrar terapia de sostén, no existiendo un tratamiento antiviral especifico. La ozonoterapia se considera una pro-droga que activa el sistema antioxidante endógeno mostrando múltiples efectos beneficiosos, como inmunoestimulación e inactivación de patógenos como por ejemplo los virus desnudos mediante la peroxidación de las proteínas de la cápside. Por lo expuesto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia de la ozonoterapia frente al CPPV-1 in vivo e in vitro. Se conformaron dos grupos al azar de 10 caninos naturalmente infectados. Ambos recibieron el tratamiento sintomático, y uno de los grupos recibió, concomitantemente, ozonoterapia por vía intrarrectal.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Efecto de la ozonoterapia en comparación al tratamiento tradicional en otitis externa infecciosa canina

La otitis externa es una enfermedad inflamatoria aguda o crónica de etiología multifactorial con un alto porcentaje de recidivas, impidiéndose la resolución y convirtiéndose en casos crónicos con escasa respuesta al tratamiento. Existen microorganismos pertenecientes a la flora normal del oído (Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Proteus spp. y Escherichia coli) que proliferan cuando el microclima es alterado. La ozonoterapia presenta propiedades microbicidas, analgésicas y antiinflamatorias, siendo una buena alternativa al uso de antibióticos. Se describe que la aplicación tópica mediante el uso de aceites ozonizados presenta un alto poder germicida, debido a la peroxidación de lípidos y proteínas interrumpiendo la integridad de la envoltura celular bacteriana. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar la ozonoterapia tópica y el tratamiento convencional frente a otitis externa canina.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Descripción de la situación de los principales retrovirus felinos en la ciudad de Montevideo y zona metropolitana

Los retrovirus son agentes virales muy importantes que infectan a los felinos de todo el mundo produciendo, entre otras cosas, leucemia felina e inmunodeficiencia felina. Su prevalencia varía mucho según las técnicas empleadas para su diagnóstico. Se ha reportado una prevalencia del 2,3 % al 15,6 % al virus de la leucemia felina (VileF), según la región analizada. El virus de la inmunodeficiencia felina (VIF) se divide en cinco subtipos denominándose desde A hasta E. En la región en estudio se han reportado los subtipos A, B, C y E. En Uruguay no existen publicaciones sobre la situación de estos virus, por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar y conocer la situación epidemiológica de ambos virus en la población felina de Montevideo y zona metropolitana.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Anales del III Congreso Internacional de Vivienda y Ciudad "Debate en torno a la nueva agenda urbana"

Acta de congresoEl III Congreso Internacional de Vivienda y Ciudad “Debates en torno a la NUEVa Agenda Urbana”, ha sido una apuesta de alto compromiso por acercar los debates centrales y urgentes que tensionan el pleno ejercicio del derecho a la ciudad. Para ello las instituciones organizadoras (INVIHAB –Instituto de Investigación de Vivienda y Hábitat y MGyDH-Maestría en Gestión y Desarrollo Habitacional-1), hemos convidado un espacio que se concretó con potencia en un debate transdisciplinario. Convocó a intelectuales de prestigio internacional, investigadores, académicos y gestores estatales, y en una metodología de innovación articuló las voces académicas con las de las organizaciones sociales y/o barriales en el Foro de las Organizaciones Sociales que tuvo su espacio propio para dar voz a quienes están trabajando en los desafíos para garantizar los derechos a la vivienda y los bienes urbanos en nuestras ciudades del Siglo XXI

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Search for gravitational-lensing signatures in the full third observing run of the LIGO-Virgo network

Gravitational lensing by massive objects along the line of sight to the source causes distortions of gravitational wave-signals; such distortions may reveal information about fundamental physics, cosmology and astrophysics. In this work, we have extended the search for lensing signatures to all binary black hole events from the third observing run of the LIGO--Virgo network. We search for repeated signals from strong lensing by 1) performing targeted searches for subthreshold signals, 2) calculating the degree of overlap amongst the intrinsic parameters and sky location of pairs of signals, 3) comparing the similarities of the spectrograms amongst pairs of signals, and 4) performing dual-signal Bayesian analysis that takes into account selection effects and astrophysical knowledge. We also search for distortions to the gravitational waveform caused by 1) frequency-independent phase shifts in strongly lensed images, and 2) frequency-dependent modulation of the amplitude and phase due to point masses. None of these searches yields significant evidence for lensing. Finally, we use the non-detection of gravitational-wave lensing to constrain the lensing rate based on the latest merger-rate estimates and the fraction of dark matter composed of compact objects

Search for eccentric black hole coalescences during the third observing run of LIGO and Virgo

Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Orbital eccentricity is one of the clearest tracers of binary formation channels. Identifying binary eccentricity, however, remains challenging due to the limited availability of gravitational waveforms that include effects of eccentricity. Here, we present observational results for a waveform-independent search sensitive to eccentric black hole coalescences, covering the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We identified no new high-significance candidates beyond those that were already identified with searches focusing on quasi-circular binaries. We determine the sensitivity of our search to high-mass (total mass M&gt;70 M⊙) binaries covering eccentricities up to 0.3 at 15 Hz orbital frequency, and use this to compare model predictions to search results. Assuming all detections are indeed quasi-circular, for our fiducial population model, we place an upper limit for the merger rate density of high-mass binaries with eccentricities 0&lt;e≤0.3 at 0.33 Gpc−3 yr−1 at 90\% confidence level

Ultralight vector dark matter search using data from the KAGRA O3GK run

Among the various candidates for dark matter (DM), ultralight vector DM can be probed by laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors through the measurement of oscillating length changes in the arm cavities. In this context, KAGRA has a unique feature due to differing compositions of its mirrors, enhancing the signal of vector DM in the length change in the auxiliary channels. Here we present the result of a search for U(1)B−L gauge boson DM using the KAGRA data from auxiliary length channels during the first joint observation run together with GEO600. By applying our search pipeline, which takes into account the stochastic nature of ultralight DM, upper bounds on the coupling strength between the U(1)B−L gauge boson and ordinary matter are obtained for a range of DM masses. While our constraints are less stringent than those derived from previous experiments, this study demonstrates the applicability of our method to the lower-mass vector DM search, which is made difficult in this measurement by the short observation time compared to the auto-correlation time scale of DM