JOINT MOVEMENT PATTERNS DIFFER AMONG MALE RECREATIONAL RUNNERS WITH DIFFERENT RUNNING STYLE

The purpose of this study was to analyse the differences in joint patterns among runners with different spatiotemporal characteristics in the running cycle. Lower extremity kinematic and spatiotemporal parameters were collected for ninety-two recreational runners during a treadmill run at a self-selected speed. A K-means clustering analysis was conducted on normalized stride cadence and Duty Factor to identify running style. The runners were distributed into three clusters with different combinations of spatiotemporal parameters. Only the runners who displayed a high stride cadence and long stance times showed a different movement pattern compared to the rest of the clusters. This study has demonstrated that the combination of several spatial-temporal parameters of the running cycle should be considered when analysing the movement pattern of the lower limb

Brucelosis equina: estudio serológico en una tropilla con casos de mal de cruz

El Mal de Cruz es conocido como una forma de presentación de la brucelosis en los equinos. Consiste principalmente en una bursitis supurativa con abundante secreción y fistulización, con pus amarillento líquido, a veces complicada con sinovitis y artritis. Se localiza en la región topográfica de la cruz en los equinos (vértebras dorsales, especialmente 3ª, 4ª, 5ª, 6ª, 7ª, 8ª y 9ª torácica (bolsas supraespinosas y otras accesorias en la zona de la cruz). Como causales se ha citado a la Brucella abortus, a veces acompañada de Actinomyces bovis. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar la existencia de serología positiva a brucelosis en los animales con sintomatología de la enfermedad.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Brucelosis equina: estudio serológico en una tropilla con casos de mal de cruz

El Mal de Cruz es conocido como una forma de presentación de la brucelosis en los equinos. Consiste principalmente en una bursitis supurativa con abundante secreción y fistulización, con pus amarillento líquido, a veces complicada con sinovitis y artritis. Se localiza en la región topográfica de la cruz en los equinos (vértebras dorsales, especialmente 3ª, 4ª, 5ª, 6ª, 7ª, 8ª y 9ª torácica (bolsas supraespinosas y otras accesorias en la zona de la cruz). Como causales se ha citado a la Brucella abortus, a veces acompañada de Actinomyces bovis. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar la existencia de serología positiva a brucelosis en los animales con sintomatología de la enfermedad.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Brucelosis equina: estudio serológico en una tropilla con casos de mal de cruz

El Mal de Cruz es conocido como una forma de presentación de la brucelosis en los equinos. Consiste principalmente en una bursitis supurativa con abundante secreción y fistulización, con pus amarillento líquido, a veces complicada con sinovitis y artritis. Se localiza en la región topográfica de la cruz en los equinos (vértebras dorsales, especialmente 3ª, 4ª, 5ª, 6ª, 7ª, 8ª y 9ª torácica (bolsas supraespinosas y otras accesorias en la zona de la cruz). Como causales se ha citado a la Brucella abortus, a veces acompañada de Actinomyces bovis. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar la existencia de serología positiva a brucelosis en los animales con sintomatología de la enfermedad.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Implementation of an extended ZINB model in the study of low levels of natural gastrointestinal nematode infections in adult sheep

[EN] Background: In this study, two traits related with resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) were measured in 529 adult sheep: faecal egg count (FEC) and activity of immunoglobulin A in plasma (IgA). In dry years, FEC can be very low in semi-extensive systems, such as the one studied here, which makes identifying animals that are resistant or susceptible to infection a difficult task. A zero inflated negative binomial model (ZINB) model was used to calculate the extent of zero inflation for FEC; the model was extended to include information from the IgA responses. Results: In this dataset, 64 % of animals had zero FEC while the ZINB model suggested that 38 % of sheep had not been recently infected with GIN. Therefore 26 % of sheep were predicted to be infected animals with egg counts that were zero or below the detection limit and likely to be relatively resistant to nematode infection. IgA activities of all animals were then used to decide which of the sheep with zero egg counts had been exposed and which sheep had not been recently exposed. Animals with zero FEC and high IgA activity were considered resistant while animals with zero FEC and low IgA activity were considered as not recently infected. For the animals considered as exposed to the infection, the correlations among the studied traits were estimated, and the influence of these traits on the discrimination between unexposed and infected animals was assessed. Conclusions: The model presented here improved the detection of infected animals with zero FEC. The correlations calculated here will be useful in the development of a reliable index of GIN resistance that could be of assistance for the study of host resistance in studies based on natural infection, especially in adult sheep, and also the design of breeding programs aimed at increasing resistance to parasitesSIThis work was supported by a competitive grant from the Castilla and León regional government (Junta de Castilla y León) (Ref. LE245A12-2); the EC-funded Innovative Training Network (ITN) NematodeSystemHealth (M. A. and J. M. P., P7-KBBE-2009-3-245140); the BBSRC grant BB/L004004070/1; the Spanish “Ramón y Cajal” Programme from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (B. G. G., RYC-2012-10230) and a postdoctoral Jae-Doc contract from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and co-funded by the European Social Fund (M. M. V.

Effects of Age, Sex and Treatment on Weight Loss Dynamics in Overweight People

The objective of this work is the evaluation of how sex, age and the kind of followed treatment affect weight loss, as well as the development of an explanation to assess the evolution of weight loss dynamics in overweight men and women. The methods use include a study with hundred and nineteen overweight participants (18 – 50 years; Body Mass Index (BMI) >25 and <29.9 kg/m2), which were randomly assigned to four treatments, namely, strength training (S; n = 30), endurance training (E; n = 30), a combination of S and E (SE; n = 30) training, and a careful treatment including diet and physical recommendations (C; n = 29). Each of the different training groups exercised three times per week during twenty-four weeks, and their daily diet was also carefully controlled and restricted to a specific protocol during the testing period. Then, body weight changes in the different participants were evaluated every fifteen days. Based on this study, we developed and validated different sets of equations to accurately capture the weight loss dynamics. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of global body weight changes from the statistical viewpoint, neither concerning the carried out treatment nor individuals’ ages. However, significant differences on the weight loss tendency were found due to the participant sex. Conclusion: The effectiveness of the different possible treatments for weight loss varies by sex and, based on our experimental observations, a quadratic function fit provides the most accurate model to capture the specific weight loss dynamics

Clinical and economic impact of ‘ROS1-testing’ strategy compared to a ‘no-ROS1-testing’ strategy in advanced NSCLC in Spain

Background Detection of the ROS1 rearrangement is mandatory in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to allow targeted therapy with specific inhibitors. However, in Spanish clinical practice ROS1 determination is not yet fully widespread. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical and economic impact of sequentially testing ROS1 in addition to EGFR and ALK in Spain. Methods A joint model (decision-tree and Markov model) was developed to determine the cost-effectiveness of testing ROS1 strategy versus a no-ROS1 testing strategy in Spain. Distribution of ROS1 techniques, rates of testing, positivity, and invalidity of biomarkers included in the analysis (EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and PD-L1) were based on expert opinion and Lungpath real-world database. Treatment allocation depending on the molecular testing results was defined by expert opinion. For each treatment, a 3-states Markov model was developed, where progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) curves were parameterized using exponential extrapolations to model transition of patients among health states. Only medical direct costs were included (euro 2021). A lifetime horizon was considered and a discount rate of 3% was applied for both costs and effects. Both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to address uncertainty. Results A target population of 8755 patients with advanced NSCLC (non-squamous or never smokers squamous) entered the model. Over a lifetime horizon, the ROS1 testing scenario produced additional 157.5 life years and 121.3 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) compared with no-ROS1 testing scenario. Total direct costs were increased up to euro 2,244,737 for ROS1 testing scenario. The incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) was 18,514 euro/QALY. Robustness of the base-case results were confirmed by the sensitivity analysis. Conclusions Our study shows that ROS1 testing in addition to EGFR and ALK is a cost-effective strategy compared to no-ROS1 testing, and it generates more than 120 QALYs in Spain over a lifetime horizon. Despite the low prevalence of ROS1 rearrangements in NSCLC patients, the clinical and economic consequences of ROS1 testing should encourage centers to test all advanced or metastatic NSCLC (non-squamous and never-smoker squamous) patients

Expression of spidroin proteins in the silk glands of golden orb-weaver spiders.

The expression of spidroins in the major ampullate, minor ampullate, flagelliform, and tubuliform silk glands of Trichonephila clavipes spiders was analyzed using proteomics analysis techniques. Spidroin peptides were identified and assigned to different gene products based on sequence concurrence when compared with the whole genome of the spider. It was found that only a relatively low proportion of the spidroin genes are expressed as proteins in any of the studied glands. In addition, the expression of spidroin genes in different glands presents a wide range of patterns, with some spidroins being found in a single gland exclusively, while others appear in the content of several glands. The combination of precise genomics, proteomics, microstructural, and mechanical data provides new insights both on the design principles of these materials and how these principles might be translated for the production of high-performance bioinspired artificial fibers.Ministerio de Innovación, Cultura y Deportes(Spain), Grant/Award Numbers: PGC2018‐097019‐B‐I00, PID2020‐116403RB‐I00;Instituto de Salud Carlos III,Grant/Award Number: CB16/11/00277;Comunidad de Madrid, Grant/Award Numbers:NEUROCENTRO‐B2017/BMD‐3760,Tec4Bio‐CM/P2018/NMT‐4443 Spiders were reared by Oscar Campos (Reptilmadrid S.L., Spain). The artwork was made by Carmen Calvo. This study was funded by Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) through grants NEUROCENTRO‐ B2017/BMD‐3760 and Tec4Bio‐CM/P2018/NMT‐4443. This study was also supported by Spanish Ministerio de Innovación, Cultura y Deportes (PGC2018‐097019‐B‐I00 and PID2020‐116403RB‐I00), and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CB16/11/00277); Plataforma de Recursos Biomoleculares PRB3 (ProteoRed; PT17/0019/0003)). The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV‐2015‐0505).S

Clinical and economic impact of current ALK rearrangement testing in Spain compared with a hypothetical no-testing scenario

Background: Currently biomarkers play an essential role in diagnosis, treatment, and management of cancer. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) determination of biomarkers such as ALK, EGFR, ROS1 or PD-L1 is mandatory for an adequate treatment decision. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical and economic impact of current anaplastic lymphoma kinase testing scenario in Spain. Methods: A joint model, composed by decision-tree and Markov models, was developed to estimate the long-term health outcomes and costs of NSCLC patients, by comparing the current testing scenario for ALK in Spain vs a hypothetical no-testing. The current distribution of testing strategies for ALK determination and their sensitivity and specificity data were obtained from the literature. Treatment allocation based on the molecular testing result were defined by a panel of Spanish experts. To assess long-term effects of each treatment, 3-states Markov models were developed, where progression-free survival and overall survival curves were extrapolated using exponential models. Medical direct costs (expressed in €, 2019) were included. A lifetime horizon was used and a discount rate of 3% was applied for both costs and health effects. Several sensitivity analyses, both deterministic and probabilistic, were performed in order test the robustness of the analysis. Results: We estimated a target population of 7628 NSCLC patients, including those with non-squamous histology and those with squamous carcinomas who were never smokers. Over the lifetime horizon, the current ALK testing scenario produced additional 5060 and 3906 life-years and quality-adjusted life-years (QALY), respectively, compared with the no-testing scenario. Total direct costs were increased up to € 51,319,053 for testing scenario. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 10,142 €/QALY. The sensitivity analyses carried out confirmed the robustness of the base-case results, being the treatment allocation and the test accuracy (sensitivity and specificity data) the key drivers of the model. Conclusions: ALK testing in advanced NSCLC patients, non-squamous and never-smoker squamous, provides more than 3000 QALYs in Spain over a lifetime horizon. Comparing this gain in health outcomes with the incremental costs, the resulting incremental cost-effectiveness ratio reinforces that testing non-squamous and never-smoker squamous NSCLC is a cost-effective strategy in Spain

Mechanical characterization of the human thoracic descending aorta Experiments and modelling

This work presents experiments and modelling aimed at characterising the passive mechanical behaviour of the human thoracic descending aorta. To this end, uniaxial tension and pressurisation tests on healthy samples corresponding to newborn, young and adult arteries are performed. Then, the tensile measurements are used to calibrate the material parameters of the Holzapfel constitutive model. This model is found to adequately adjust the material behaviour in a wide deformation range; in particular, it captures the progressive stiffness increase and the anisotropy due to the stretching of the collagen fibres. Finally, the assessment of these material parameters in the modelling of the pressurisation test is addressed. The implication of this study is the possibility to predict the mechanical response of the human thoracic descending aorta under generalised loading states like those that can occur in physiological conditions and/or in medical device application