Analysis of olgimetric and subunit sizes of membrane receptors

Imperial Users onl

The Price of Pay to Play in Securities Class Actions

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88008/1/j.1740-1461.2011.01236.x.pd

The Earth isn’t Flat, and Neither is Illinois’— or any other state’s— Income Tax

In her book, Flat Earth: The history of an infamous idea, 1 Christine Garwood explains that from medieval times, long predating Christopher Columbus’ famous voyages, educated people knew that the earth was not flat. Nevertheless, the flat earth myth persisted for centuries and even has some, possibly (non)ironic, modern adherents (see R. Brazil 2020).2 Simplistic and wrong-headed ideas often persist despite unassailable evidence to the contrary and a consensus among those who have carefully considered the question. The exaggerated dichotomy between “flat tax rate” and “graduated tax rate” states is a current manifestation of this phenomenon. Many members of the public, and some people on the fringes of the policymaking world, overstate the differences between these cases and conclude that only graduated rate states can deliver “progressive” tax policy that results in tax liabilities rising with incomes.3 Tax policy professionals realize that tax liabilities depend not only on the structure of tax rates but also on many other facets of the tax system including the definition of the tax base and myriad rules about tax credits, exemptions, and interactions between different tax systems (e.g. state and federal tax systems).4 In this short paper, we demonstrate that tax rates are just one of many determinants of state personal income tax liability. We also quantify the various ways in which tax liability can vary across states with a consistently defined measure of incomeOpe

The Student Athlete Wellness Portal: Translating Student Athletes’ Prescription Opioid Use Narratives into a Targeted Public Health Intervention

Background and Objectives: The opioid epidemic has permeated all strata of society over the last two decades, especially within the adolescent student athletic environment, a group particularly at risk and presenting their own challenges for science and practice. This paper (a) describes the development of a web-based intervention called the Student Athlete Wellness Portal that models effective opioid misuse resistance strategies and (b) details the findings of a single-group design to test its effectiveness. Materials and Methods: Formative research included 35 student athletes residing in the United States, ages 14 to 21, who had been injured in their school-based sport. They participated in in-depth qualitative interviews to explore narratives relating to their injuries and pain management plans. Inductive analyses of interview transcripts revealed themes of the challenges of being a student athlete, manageable vs. unmanageable pain, and ways to stay healthy. These themes were translated into prevention messages for the portal, which was then tested in a single-group design. Results: Users of the portal (n = 102) showed significant decreases in their willingness to misuse opioids and increases in their perceptions of opioid risks. Conclusions: This manuscript illuminates the processes involved in translating basic research knowledge into intervention scripts and reveals the promising effects of a technology-based wellness portal

Traumatic esophageal laceration presenting as a tongue laceration

AbstractEsophageal injuries may occur spontaneously because of iatrogenic instrumental injury, foreign body impaction, or external trauma. Traumatic esophageal laceration is rare and can lead to significant morbidity such as perforation, mediastinitis, retropharyngeal abscess, or deep neck infection. Early detection of esophageal injury improves patient outcome and survival compared with a diagnosis that is delayed by more than 24 hours after rupture. We describe the case of a 45-year-old man with esophageal laceration after facial contusion and tongue laceration. Upper airway compromise is the major concern for emergency physicians. In a nonsurgical approach, close observation is needed because there is a potential risk of progression to delayed esophageal rupture. If there is clinical deterioration, repeat endoscopy or surgical intervention should be considered. Early detection of esophageal rupture in patients with minor head injuries can reduce mortality and morbidity and avoid major surgery and, in most cases, allows the esophagus to heal normally

Recent Advances in Data Logging for Intertidal Ecology

Temperature is among the most ubiquitous determinants of organism growth, survival, and reproduction. Accurate recordings and predictions of how the temperatures of plants and animals vary in time and space are therefore critical to forecasting the likely impacts of global climate change. Intertidal zones have long served as a model ecosystem for examining the role of environmental stress on patterns of species distributions, and are emerging as models for understanding the ecological impacts of climate change. Intertidal environments are among the most physically demanding habitats on the planet, and excursions in body temperature of ectotherms can exceed 25°C over the course of a few hours. It is now well-known that the body temperatures of intertidal organisms can deviate significantly from the temperature of the surrounding air and substrate due to the influence of solar radiation, and that their size, color, morphology, and material properties markedly influence their temperatures. While many intertidal organisms are slow moving or almost entirely sessile, for others, behavior can play a significant role in driving vulnerability to temperature extremes. We explore datalogging methods used in intertidal zones and discuss the advantages and drawbacks of each. We show how measurements made in situ reveal patterns of thermal stress that otherwise would be undetectable using more remotely-sensed data. Additionally, we explore the idea that the relevant “grain size” of the physical environment, and thus the spatial scale that must be measured, is a function of (1) the size of the organism relative to local refugia; (2) an organism's ability to sense and to some degree predict near-term environmental conditions; and (3) an animal's movement speed and directionality toward refugia. Similarly, relevant temporal scales depend on the size, behavior, and physiological response of the organism. While miniaturization of dataloggers has significantly improved, several significant limitations still exist, many of which relate to difficulties in recording behavioral responses to changing environmental conditions. We discuss recent innovations in monitoring and modeling intertidal temperatures, and the important role that they have played in bridging ecological and physiological studies of ongoing impacts of climate change

Challenges of regulatory theory and practice : a study of hawker control in Hong Kong

published_or_final_versionPolitics and Public AdministrationMasterMaster of Public Administratio

Do firms park capital? Evidence from the U.S. manufacturing sector

This study uses the “cost of carry” (CoC) measure to identify the motive for corporate cash holdings. Based on the historical, moving-average holdings of currency and liquid assets, the measure represents the net opportunity cost of corporate demand for money. This study finds that large manufacturing firms in the U.S. park their capital in short-term assets appealing to the agency motive for cash holdings. Because dividend-paying firms can choose to distribute their capital to equity shareholders when their investment opportunities are unfavorable, these firms might show a non-positive association between capital expenditure and the CoC measure, championing the transactions motive. Still, dividend-paying large firms exhibit an overall positive correlation, suggesting that they park their capital on the agency motive. A detailed literature review and discussions are followed

Unilateral, Single Needle Approach Using an Epidural Catheter for Bilateral Superior Hypogastric Plexus Block

The superior hypogastric plexus block (SHPB) is used for treating pelvic pain, especially in patients with gynecological malignancies. Various approaches to this procedure have been reported due to the anatomic obstacles of a high iliac crest or large transverse process of the 5th lumbar vertebra. Here, we report a new technique of superior hypogastric plexus block using a unilateral single-needle approach to block the bilateral superior hypogastric plexus with a Tuohy needle and epidural catheter. We have confidence that this new technique can be another option in performing the SHPB when the conventional bilateral approach is difficult to perform