Monetary reform in times of Charles II (1679-1686): aspects concerning the issued dispositions

During the reign of Carlos II drastic monetary reform was carried out, which once and for all ended the tremendous monetary instability that took place in Castile throughout the whole Seventeenth century. Between 1680 and 1686, six monetary rules were adopted. The path chosen to attain the stability was not easy due to the state of the coinage. The reform tried to provide the Kingdom with a currency properly valued for which it was later decreed the devaluation and then the subsequent removal of the circulating copper coins. Simultaneously, along with the gathered metal, new purely copper made coins were ordered with adjusted value. Once the stability of the lesser value coinage was obtained, the reach of the reform was extended to the gold and silver pieces to equate them to the new monetary values

Monetary reform in times of Charles II (1679-1686): Aspects concerning the issued dispositions.

During the reign of Carlos II drastic monetary reform was carried out, which once and for all ended the tremendous monetary instability that took place in Castile throughout the whole Seventeenth century. Between 1680 and 1686, six monetary rules were adopted. The path chosen to attain the stability was not easy due to the state of the coinage. The reform tried to provide the Kingdom with a currency properly valued for which it was later decreed the devaluation and then the subsequent removal of the circulating copper coins. Simultaneously, along with the gathered metal, new purely copper made coins were ordered with adjusted value. Once the stability of the lesser value coinage was obtained, the reach of the reform was extended to the gold and silver pieces to equate them to the new monetary values.

Monetary reform in times of Charles II (1679-1686): aspects concerning the issued dispositions.

During the reign of Carlos II drastic monetary reform was carried out, which once and for all ended the tremendous monetary instability that took place in Castile throughout the whole Seventeenth century. Between 1680 and 1686, six monetary rules were adopted. The path chosen to attain the stability was not easy due to the state of the coinage. The reform tried to provide the Kingdom with a currency properly valued for which it was later decreed the devaluation and then the subsequent removal of the circulating copper coins. Simultaneously, along with the gathered metal, new purely copper made coins were ordered with adjusted value. Once the stability of the lesser value coinage was obtained, the reach of the reform was extended to the gold and silver pieces to equate them to the new monetary values.

La estabilización monetaria de 1680-1686 : pensamiento y política económica

Incluye bibliografí

Influencia escolástica en el arbitrismo económico castellano tardío del siglo XVII. Aspectos relacionados con la actividad económica

La compleja situación económica que atravesó Castilla en el siglo XVII motivó la aparición de innumerables arbitrios de naturaleza económica. Los autores, conscientes de la situación de crisis vigente, propusieron diversos remedios para resolverla. En esta abundante literatura encontramos escritos de diversa naturaleza. Analizar los fundamentos teóricos de estas propuestas permite identificar la influencia que el pensamiento escolástico tuvo en esta literatura y ayuda a establecer su calidad. Aquellos autores que, aunque sin citar explícitamente sus fuentes, fundamentaron sus argumentos en ideas escolásticas, fueron capaces de comprender la naturaleza de los fenómenos económicos y pudieron proponer remedios adecuados, coherentes con la teoría económica predominante

El poder del soberano para manipular el dinero: Juan de Mariana y John Locke.

La presente investigación analiza la respuesta teórica que recibió uno de los factores causantes de la denominada Revolución de los precios en Europa durante los siglos XVI y XVII, concretamente el aspecto relacionado con las alteraciones de los valores monetarios de las piezas de vellón y plata en Castilla e Inglaterra. En ambos países estos episodios fueron analizados con rigor desde el punto de vista teórico tal y como se desprende del estudio de las ideas monetarias del periodo que se desarrollaron en los dos territorios. En este estudio, a la luz de los acontecimientos históricos que tuvieron lugar, analizamos los fundamentos del pensamiento monetario de Juan de Mariana y de John Locke quienes se oponen a que el soberano altere los valores monetarios con intereses fiscales, así como la diferente acogida que tuvieron.pre-print463 K

Convergence of inflation with a common cycle: estimating and modelling Spanish historical inflation from the 16th to the 18th centuries.

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, to obtain inflation rates for the four regions of Spain analyzed for the period 1501 to 1800 by modeling Hamilton's (1934, 1947) price index series by means of an unobserved component model with a common cyclical factor. And second, to prove their long term convergence process. Therefore convergence concerns both the cyclical variation of inflation rates common to the four regions, and trend inflation. A complete convergence of the trend inflation occurred once the monetary reforms of Charles II of Spain were introduced in order to redress the previous monetary instability known as inflation of the vellón. The predominance of the vellón in small change and the concentration of the influx of silver when inflation was comparatively lower (second half of the sixteenth century and the seventeenth century) complicate to reach simple conclusions on the monetary origin of inflation exclusively based on precious metals, but, on the contrary, suggests a monetary origin based on copper coin and fiscal distortions. So, monetary stability proved to be a necessary condition for inflation convergence and the fulfillment of the purchasing power parity condition along the eighteen century.pre-print425 K

GDP and population growth: Evidence of fractional cointegration with historical data from 1820 onwards.

Purpose Using data from 1820 onwards in a group of seven countries, namely, Australia, Chile, Denmark, France, the UK, Italy and the USA, the authors investigate if there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the two variables (GDP and population). Design/methodology/approach Using fractional integration and cointegration methods, this paper deals with the analysis of the relationship between GDP and population using historical data. Findings The authors’ results show first that the two series are highly persistent, presenting orders of integration close to or above 1 in practically all cases. Testing cointegration between the two variables, the results are quite variable depending on the methodology and the bandwidth numbers used, but if cointegration takes places, it only occurs in the cases of France, Italy and the UK. Research limitations/implications The fact that the orders of integration of all series is close to 1 indicate high levels of persistence with shocks having permanent effects and requiring strong measures to recover the original trends. Practical implications Any shock affecting the series will have a permanent nature, persisting forever. Originality/value Updated time series techniques based on concepts such as fractional integration and cointegration are used.pre-print348 K

Comunidades Docentes de Aprendizaje para una Educación Integral, Transversal y Equitativa Orientada al Progreso Sostenible.

Los nuevos modelos de actualización pedagógica del profesorado destacan la importancia de trabajar en comunidades docentes de aprendizaje en las que, a través de un proceso continuo, reflexivo, colaborativo e inclusivo, los profesores orienten su labor académica hacia una formación integral, inclusiva y equitativa. El principal objetivo de este proyecto es [OBJETIVO] diseñar y activar una comunidad que transforme la experiencia docente, facilite el aprendizaje situado y promueva la orientación profesional de los estudiantes hacia el desarrollo sostenible de las empresas y el bien común en la sociedad. [METODOLOGÍA] Mediante una metodología descriptiva y analítica, la reflexión y el diálogo profundo transdisciplinar, en el que han participado [MUESTRA] 120 personas, se ha comprobado que [CONCLUSIÓN] las comunidades docentes de aprendizaje constituyen una vía eficaz para diseñar planes de estudio, organizar la docencia universitaria y propiciar un ecosistema de aprendizaje que responde a la necesidad de orientar los estudios universitarios hacia la formación integral, interdisciplinar, trasversal, justa, inclusiva, equitativa, abierta y global que demanda la sociedad actual.post-print295 K