Mesospheric Motions Over Bear Lake

Since February 1999, the Utah State University Bear Lake Observatory (41.9oN, 111.4oW) dynasonde has been configured to operate as an Imaging Doppler Interferometer (IDI). Imaging Doppler interferometry is one of a number of MF/HF radar techniques used to estimate mesospheric winds and dynamics. This paper presents results of the mesospheric (50 – 115 km) background wind, tides, and planetary waves as derived from analysis of IDI observations recorded between February 03, 1999 and February 21, 2000 at Bear Lake

Guest editorial: Promoting cultural competency in the nursing care of LGBT patients

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.none- editoria

Large Magnetic Fields and Motions of OH Masers in W75 N

We report on a second epoch of VLBA observations of the 1665 and 1667 MHz OH masers in the massive star-forming region W75 N. We find evidence to confirm the existence of very strong (~40 mG) magnetic fields near source VLA 2. The masers near VLA 2 are dynamically distinct and include a very bright spot apparently moving at 50 km/s relative to those around VLA 1. This fast-moving spot may be an example of a rare class of OH masers seen in outflows in star-forming regions. Due to the variability of these masers and the rapidity of their motions, tracking these motions will require multiple observations over a significantly shorter time baseline than obtained here. Proper motions of the masers near VLA 1 are more suggestive of streaming along magnetized shocks rather than Keplerian rotation in a disk. The motions of the easternmost cluster of masers in W75 N (B) may be tracing slow expansion around an unseen exciting source.Comment: 7 pages including 4 figures (2 color) & 3 tables, to appear in Ap

A Shared Gene Expression Signature in Mouse Models of EBV-Associated and Non-EBV-Associated Burkitt Lymphoma

The link between EBV infection and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is strong, but the mechanism underlying that link has been elusive. We have developed a mouse model for EBV-associated BL in which LMP2A, an EBV latency protein, and MYC are expressed in B cells. Our model has demonstrated the ability of LMP2A to accelerate tumor onset, increase spleen size, and bypass p53 inactivation. Here we describe the results of total gene expression analysis of tumor and pretumor B cells from our transgenic mouse model. Although we see many phenotypic differences and changes in gene expression in pretumor B cells, the transcriptional profiles of tumor cells from LMP2A/λ-MYC and λ-MYC mice are strikingly similar, with fewer than 20 genes differentially expressed. We evaluated the functional significance of one of the most interesting differentially expressed genes, Egr1, and found that it was not required for acceleration of tumor onset by LMP2A. Our studies demonstrate the remarkable ability of LMP2A to affect the pretumor B-cell phenotype and tumorigenesis without substantially altering gene expression in tumor cells

Methanol masers probing the ordered magnetic field of W75N

The role of magnetic fields during the protostellar phase of high-mass star-formation is a debated topic. In particular, it is still unclear how magnetic fields influence the formation and dynamic of disks and outflows. Most current information on magnetic fields close to high-mass protostars comes from H2O and OH maser observations. Recently, the first 6.7 GHz methanol maser polarization observations were made, and they reveal strong and ordered magnetic fields. The morphology of the magnetic field during high-mass star-formation needs to be investigated on small scales, which can only be done using very long baseline interferometry observations. The massive star-forming regionW75N contains three radio sources and associated masers, while a large-scale molecular bipolar outflow is also present. Polarization observations of the 6.7 GHz methanol masers at high angular resolution probe the strength and structure of the magnetic field and determine its relation to the outflow. Eight of the European VLBI network antennas were used to measure the linear polarization and Zeeman-splitting of the 6.7 GHz methanol masers in the star-forming region W75N. We detected 10 methanol maser features, 4 of which were undetected in previous work. All arise near the source VLA1 of W75N. The linear polarization of the masers reveals a tightly ordered magnetic field over more than 2000 AU around VLA1 that is exactly aligned with the large-scale molecular outflow. This is consistent with the twisted magnetic field model proposed for explaining dust polarization observations. The Zeeman-splitting measured on 3 of the maser features indicates a dynamically important magnetic field in the maser region of the order of 50mG. We suggest VLA1 is the powering sources of the bipolar outflow.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysic

When the clinic is not yet built … the Avian Park Service Learning Centre story

The Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health (UCRH) opened in 2001, followed 10 years later by the establishment of the Ukwanda Rural Clinical School in one of the rural health districts of the Western Cape. This paper relates the journey of the Faculty with the underserviced community of Avian Park through the provision of healthcare services aimed at addressing needs identified by the local community. It attempts to substantiate the meaning of the word Ukwanda, translated ‘to grow’ and ‘develop within the community’ in order to reach the primary goal of being an ‘engaged institution’. The Avian Park Service Learning Centre (APSLC) is the culmination of the aspirations of a number of stakeholders who wanted to respond to the community needs for access to basic healthcare while providing learning opportunities for students. Initially only patients with chronic diseases of lifestyle, tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS were seen by community care-workers (CCWs). Through a number of service-learning initiatives in Avian Park, a variety of health services have developed in the community. CCWs have become teachers, community developers and an integral part of the health service team. They enhance access to the residents, community projects and networking within the community.The APSLC improves the opportunities to integrate theoretical academic work with practical application, providing students with a unique opportunity to be involved in healthcare service design and development (as active participants, not observers) based on community-identified needs. University and community collaboration has been purposeful and aims to strengthen community engagement, while up-skilling residents and affording community-based education opportunities for health professions

An Examination of Frequent Emergency Department Use and Emergency Department Reliance among OIF/OEF Veterans

Frequent emergency department (ED) use has been studied for decades but frequent ED user subgroups have not been adequately studied, classified, and validated by the research community so designing clear, focused policies have remained problematic. This study used a cross-sectional design, using secondary data obtained from national Veteran Health Administration’s (VHA) administrative databases for fiscal years 2010- 2011 in order to inform and enhance the VHA’s understanding about frequent ED users among the Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) veteran group through the classification of distinct subgroups within the frequent ED user group including examining factors that explain variation in ED utilization among OIF/OEF veterans, address whether using Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) secondary data sources can classify distinct subgroups within a frequent ED user population, and determine if prior fiscal year ED utilization and associated factors can be used to predict future ED utilization. Using counts of ED visits as the dependent variable, results indicated that 5.2% of all ED OEF/OIF veteran users could be considered frequent ED users which is in alignment with previous studies. The adapted model of Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use was adept at selecting predisposing, enabling, and need variables for our predictive models with a Zero-inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) regression model. Results showed that veterans over 30 years of age within the OEF/OIF cohort had significant decreased odds of having another ED visit compared to the younger under 30 group. Compared to Whites, Blacks or African Americans were the only race group found to be significantly more likely to have increased numbers of ED visits. However, the final ZINB predictive regression model was unable to accurately predict future year utilization using only one prior year’s utilization and associated factors. Three distinct subgroups within ED users were identified, classified and characterized in this study: The Low ED-use/Low EDR subgroup constituted the majority of the sample, Based on primary care use, this subgroup has a primary care physician but never use the ED except in rare circumstances when they find themselves in the ED due to a traumatic event such as a broken bone, car accident or other type of true emergency; The Low EDuse/High EDR subgroup, which consisted of veterans who based on primary care use also have a primary care physician who helps them manage a chronic illness such as Asthma or Diabetes but had an incident where their chronic illness gets out of control after business hours and requires a trip to the ED for care. The High ED-use/High EDR subgroup consisted of those veterans who based on primary care use may or may not have a primary care physician and appear to use the ED as a source of usual care or as a method to access the VA system in order to obtain pain medications, care for their physical needs, or counseling for mental health needs since all of these services are in high demand within the VA system and often difficult to gain access to these services in a timely manner

A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CASUAL VIDEO GAMES IN REDUCING SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY

Anxiety is a natural reaction to stress. However, when anxiety becomes excessive it can develop into a debilitating disorder. Interventions are needed to ameliorate and prevent the development of anxiety related health disorders. Casual video games (CVGs) are fun, easy to play, spontaneous, and extremely popular. In this randomized controlled study the efficacy of CVGs in reducing symptoms of anxiety in a depressed population was tested by comparing individuals in the experimental group, who were prescribed a CVG to utilize over a one month period, with a no-treatment control group. The methodology included participants in the experimental group playing a CVG three times a week for 30 minutes each session, over a one-month period. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure participants' state and trait anxiety pre-post intervention. Results from both state and trait measures demonstrated that the intervention was effective in reducing state and trait anxiety symptom severity scores for the experimental group when compared to the control group. These findings demonstrate the use of prescriptive interventions that utilize CVGs as a way to treat anxiety, as well as, implications that include the potential expansion of applications of CVGs as an adjunct to medicine and other medical therapies being utilized alone.  M.S