Using Gramsci

This is a new approach to one of the greatest political theorists, Antonio Gramsci. Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks are one of the most popular Marxist texts available and continue to inspire readers across the world. Here, Michele Filippini proposes a new approach based on the analysis of previously ignored concepts in his works, creating a book which stands apart. Including chapters on ideology, the individual, collective organisms, society, crisis and temporality, Using Gramsci offers a new pattern in Gramscian studies aimed to speak to the broader audience of social sciences scholars beyond the field of political theory and Marxism, while remaining firmly rooted in his writings. Working from the original Italian texts, Filippini also examines the more traditional areas of Gramsci’s thought, including hegemony, organic intellectuals and civil society. This book will be perfect for all scholars and students of Gramsci’s thought

Mario Tronti et l’opéraïsme politique des années soixante

L’expérience politique et intellectuelle de l’opéraïsme italien peut désormais être à juste titre considérée comme faisant partie des « classiques » du marxisme du XXème siècle. Son legs pratique et théorique a été « socialisé » et fréquemment « ré-élaboré » par les luttes sociales et par les lectures dont celles-ci ont fait l’objet, en dépassant les confins de l’Italie et en contaminant d’autres contextes. De ce point de vue, l’histoire de l’opéraïsme est essentiellement une histoire victori..

Per la critica del concetto di rivoluzione

Attraverso l'analisi di una determinata configurazione capitalistica - quella fordista - per come l'ha analizzata Antonio Gramsci, il saggio si concentra sulle nuove configurazioni del capitalismo contemporaneo e cerca di sviluppare “contro-storia politica delle rivoluzioni tecnologiche”

Mario Tronti e l’operaismo politico degli anni Sessanta

Le texte reconstruit la généalogie de l’opéraïsme italien, notamment de sa première période « classique », entre 1956 et 1967. Il s’agit d’une opéraïsme politique, lié, quoique de manière hétérodoxe, au mouvement ouvrier. C’est une période riche en ambiguïté, mais qui assiste à l’essor de toutes les créations théoriques de courant marxiste-critique. Mario Tronti incarne cette séquence, qui, elle, marque non seulement l’essor d’une conflictualité de classe parmi les plus puissantes du XX siècle, mais aussi un « style de pensée » qui va au-delà de l’opéraïsme proprement dit.Il saggio ricostruisce la genealogia teorico-politica dell’operaismo italiano, in particolare la sua prima fase di sviluppo, quella considerata classica, dal 1959 al 1967. L’operaismo che emerge in questa fase aurorale è un operaismo politico, ovvero strettamente legato, pur nella sua radicale eterodossia, al movimento operaio e alle sue istituzioni. È questa una fase ricca di ambiguità, ma che allo stesso tempo dà vita a quasi tutte le innovazioni teoriche di questa corrente del marxismo eterodosso. Mario Tronti è il simbolo di questa prima fase, una fase che segna, oltre a una stagione tra le più calde del conflitto di classe novecentesco, anche la nascita di un vero e proprio “modo di pensare” : un “pensare operaista” anche oltre l’operaismo

The Intellectual Origins of the Italian Revolution: 1968 and its Genesis

‘68 in Italy, compared to the same movement in other European countries, is characterized by its long duration and its particular intensity. It is in fact a movement that has produced powerful and lasting effects on the Italian society for at least a decade, as it is visible in its central presence in the historical memory of the country, still today. But the outbreak of ‘68, like the social and legislative achievements of the 70s, owe their conditions of possibility to a break – a political break but above all a theoretical break – which occurred earlier, at the beginning of the 1960s. Going back to the genesis of the breakdown of the conservative imagery of the 1950s, while being an operation of intellectual history, can be useful to investigate how the “theoretical novelty” emerges, in this case through a break with its own tradition, albeit aiming to its reactivation

Graphitic carbon nitride meets molecular oxygen: New sustainable photocatalytic ways for the oxidation of organic molecules

In recent years, organic chemists have taken a resolute step toward green photocatalytic synthesis. In this regard, the oxidation of organic compounds with molecular oxygen is one of the most important classes of transformations, as it increases molecular complexity while avoiding the use of toxic and harmful oxidants. To this aim, the development of new and efficient photocatalysts capable of driving valuable oxidative reactions in a sustainable manner is highly desirable. These novel photocatalytic systems need to be metal-free, easy-to-prepare, and potentially recyclable. Carbon nitride (CN) fulfills all these requirements because of its outstanding physicochemical properties, thus emerging as a promising heterogeneous photocatalytic platform. The growing popularity of this material is also substantiated by its fast and facile preparation from readily available and inexpensive molecular precursors. This Review aims at highlighting the recent advances in synthesis of carbon nitride-based materials and their applications in organic photocatalysis for the oxidation of organic molecules in presence of molecular oxygen. Lastly, forward-looking opportunities within this intriguing research field are mentioned

Photoelectrocatalysis for Hydrogen Evolution Ventures into the World of Organic Synthesis

The use of light as a catalytic prompt for the synthesis of industrial relevantcompounds is widely explored in the past years, with a special considerationover the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, semiconductors forheterogeneous photocatalysis suffer from fast charge recombination and,consequently, low solar-to-hydrogen efficiency. These drawbacks can bemitigated by coupling photocatalysts with an external circuit that canphysically separate the photogenerated charge carriers (electrons and holes).For this reason, photoelectrochemical (PEC) production of hydrogen is underthe spotlight as promising green and sustainable technique and widelyinvestigated in numerous publications. However, considering that asignificant fraction of the hydrogen produced is used for reduction processes,the development of PEC devices for direct in situ hydrogenation can addressthe challenges associated with hydrogen storage and distribution. ThisPerspective aims at highlighting the fundamental aspects of HER from PECsystems, and how these can be harnessed toward the implementation ofsuitable settings for the hydrogenation of organic compounds of industrialvalue

Use of Carbon Nitrides as Photoactive Supports in Single‐Atom Heterogeneous Catalysis for Synthetic Purposes

In recent years, the field of dual photocatalysis has become an increasingly popular tool for the functionalization of organic substrates under mild operative conditions. Single-atom heterogeneous catalysts (SACs), where the metal atoms are stabilized by means of properly structured photoactive supports, are currently one of the frontiers of this research field. To this end, Carbon Nitrides (CNs) have emerged as ideal two-dimensional semiconducting supports, capable of stabilizing single metal sites (for instance: nickel, iron, among other) through nitrogen-rich structures. This Concept highlights the recent advances in the synthesis of carbon nitride-based SACs and their applications in light-driven dual-catalytic processes, also providing forward-looking opportunities within this research area

Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Organic Synthetic Transformations

Organic chemists have made and are still making enormous efforts toward the development of novel green catalytic synthesis. The necessity arises from the imperative of safeguarding human health and the environment, while ensuring an efficient and sustainable chemical production. Within this context, electrocatalysis provides a framework for the design of new organic reactions under mild conditions. Undoubtedly, nanostructured materials are under the spotlight as the most popular and in most cases efficient platforms for advanced organic electrosynthesis. This Minireview focuses on the recent developments in the use of nanostructured electrocatalysts, highlighting the link between their chemical structures and their resulting catalytic abilities, and pointing to future perspectives on their application in cutting-edge areas