Effect Of Climate Change on a Monolithic Desulphurized Tailings Cover

Climate change is expected to impact the stability and functionality of several geotechnical infrastructures. Soil covers are one of the main classes of geotechnical infrastructure which would exhibit pronounced changes in its functional performance due to climate change. It is therefore imperative to study the effects of climate change on soil covers. The current study focuses on the effects of climate change on soil covers over tailings (tailings cover) at a site in Northern Ontario, Canada. Covers were analyzed using historical and future climate datasets using numerical modelling techniques. In addition to climate change, effects of changing hydraulic properties were also quantified. The results of this research show that fine grained covers performed better under adverse climate change conditions as compared to coarse grained covers. However, the performance of fine covers will deteriorate with time due to evolutionary changes in their hydraulic properties

On Extended Quadratic Hazard Rate Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations and Applications

In this paper, we propose a flexible extended quadratic hazard rate (EQHR) distribution with increasing, decreasing, bathtub and upside-down bathtub hazard rate function. The EQHR density is arc, right-skewed and symmetrical shaped. This distribution is also obtained from compounding mixture distributions. Stochastic orderings, descriptive measures on the basis of quantiles, order statistics and reliability measures are theoretically established. Characterizations of the EQHR distribution are studied via different techniques. Parameters of the EQHR distribution are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Goodness of fit of this distribution through different methods is studied

Cubic Rank Transmuted Modified Burr III Pareto Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations and Applications

In this paper, a flexible lifetime distribution called Cubic rank transmuted modified Burr III-Pareto (CRTMBIII-P) is developed on the basis of the cubic ranking transmutation map. The density function of CRTMBIII-P is arc, exponential, left-skewed, right-skewed and symmetrical shaped. Descriptive measures such as moments, incomplete moments, inequality measures, residual life function and reliability measures are theoretically established. The CRTMBIII-P distribution is characterized via ratio of truncated moments. Parameters of the CRTMBIII-P distribution are estimated using maximum likelihood method. The simulation study for the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the parameters of the CRTMBIII-P distribution is carried out. The potentiality of CRTMBIII-P distribution is demonstrated via its application to the real data sets: tensile strength of carbon fibers and strengths of glass fibers. Goodness of fit of this distribution through different methods is studied

Pathophysiological Significance And The Role Of Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) In A Combined State Of Hypertension And Diabetes And Its Effect On Renal Excretory And Haemodynamic Functions

Hypertension and diabetes is a common co-morbidity that often coexists. Both diseases serve to induce and exacerbate each other. Hypertension and diabetes predispose the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and renal disease as their major complications. Coexistence of hypertension and diabetes results in rapid development of nephropathy. Endogenous H2S is recognized as a novel gaseous transmitter. Vascular tissues are capable of generating the measurable amounts of H2S with a concentration of ~46μM in the rat serum. H2S is involved in the regulation of blood pressure and also implicated in controlling the renal glomerular (vascular) and tubular functions. Present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that exogenous H2S lowers the blood pressure and decreases the progression of nephropathy in hypertensive diabetic rats. SHR and DOCA-salt hypertension rat models were used in this study. DOCA-salt hypertension was produced from WKY rats. Diabetes was induced with a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 40 mg/kg in freshly prepared ice cold sodium citrate buffer (0.1 mol/L, pH 4.5), intraperitoneally. One set of diabetic groups received NaHS, a H2S donor, at a dose of 56μmol/kg intraperitoneally in saline at the same time daily for 5 weeks. Blood pressure was measured in conscious rats and at the end of the treatment period in surgically prepared anesthetized rats. In addition, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and renal cortical blood perfusion were also observed. Metabolic data collection for renal function study was performed on days 0, 21 and 33 of a 35-day study. Plasma and urinary H2S levels, creatinine concentrations and electrolytes were measured on three different occasions throughout the 35-day period. Plasma and urinary H2S and creatinine concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically. Data, mean±SEM were analyzed using ANOVA and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Diabetic hypertensive groups of rats had higher blood pressure, low plasma and urinary H2S levels and renal dysfunction as evidenced by increased plasma creatinine, creatinine clearance and decreased urinary sodium to potassium ratio and renal cortical blood perfusion. In addition diabetic hypertensive rats had higher pulse wave velocity. Moreover diabetic rats exhibited increased creatinine clearance, plasma sodium, absolute sodium excretion and fractional sodium excretion. NaHS, a donor of exogenous H2S reduced the blood pressure and pulse wave velocity, increased the H2S levels in hypertensive diabetic rats and reversed the STZ-induced renal dysfunction. In addition, exogenously administered H2S decreased the plasma sodium and increased the creatinine clearance and absolute sodium excretion in treated rats. The findings of the present study suggest that exogenously administered hydrogen sulfide lowers the blood pressure and significantly reverses the STZ-induced increase in plasma creatinine, decrease in urinary sodium potassium ratio and reduced renal cortical blood perfusion, thereby conferring the protection against the progression of STZ-induced nephropathy in hypertensive rats

Phosphate and micronutrient behaviour under flooded and aerated soil conditions

Phosphorus and micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Cu & Zn) behaviour was investigated under flooded and aerated soil conditions, typical of paddy rice and wheat rotations in Pakistan. Pyrophosphate was used in small proportions with orthophosphate to investigate its effects on P and micronutrient, particular Zn availability, during both laboratory incubations and glass house experiments. Hydrolysis of pyrophosphate, its effects on P sorption by lime and different soils with or without added "organic acids" were also studied. Flooded conditions during both laboratory incubations and glass house trials greatly increased the extractability of soil P in comparison to controls and orthophosphate treated samples. Moist aerated conditions enhanced the sorption of applied P, with further sorption being observed in alternating flooded and moist aerated conditions. Increases in the extractability of soil P were related to iron oxidases/hydroxides. Soil Fe, Mn and Cu increased with flooding whereas soil Zn decreased. Soil P availability increased with the addition of lime, the 10% level being more effective than 5%, either due to increases in pH and/or due to precipitation of iron, the active site for P sorption. Pyrophosphate with or without added Zn decreased p sorption by lime and the soils studied, with the greatest effects being observed in the presence of lime. Added pyrophosphate, in the presence of lime, also maintained lower pH values in the solution compared with orthophosphate treated samples. Among the soils, pyrophosphate proved to be more effective when added to a calcareous Pakistani soil rather than the local soils (brown earth + brown podzolic). Added "organic acids", like extracts of soil and rice straw, decreased P sorption whereas the addition of (0.1M) citric acid increased it. Added Zn decreased P sorption by agricultural lime and the soils studied. In the presence of added pyrophosphate, sorption of Zn by agricultural lime decreased whereas sorption increased in soils

On the Generalized Log Burr III Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations and Applications

In this paper, we present a generalized log Burr III (GLBIII) distribution developed on the basis of a generalized log Pearson differential equation (GLPE). The density function of the GLBIII is exponential, arc, J, reverse-J, bimodal, left-skewed, right- skewed and symmetrical shaped. The hazard rate function of GLBIII distribution has various shapes such as constant, increasing, decreasing, increasing-decreasing, upside- down bathtub and modified bathtub. Descriptive measures such as quantile function, sub- models, ordinary moments, moments of order statistics, incomplete moments, reliability and uncertainty measures are theoretically established. The GLBIII distribution is characterized via different techniques. Parameters of the GLBIII distribution are estimated using maximum likelihood method. A simulation study is performed to illustrate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs). Goodness of fit of this distribution through different methods is studied. The potentiality and usefulness of the GLBIII distribution is demonstrated via its applications to two real data sets

Unveiling Leadership–Employee Performance Links: Perspective of Young Employees

This paper presents the impact of leadership style practiced by managers on their subordinates’ job performance. Emotional Intelligence of the employees has been considered as a moderator to the leadership-performance relationship. Self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted from convenient sampled 100 young employees of telecom and banking sector. They were asked to respond about their perception regarding their manager’s leadership style, job performance and their perceived level of emotional intelligence. 77 out of 100 distributed questionnaires were received back completely filled that yield response rate of 77%. Current research concluded that the style of leadership exhibited by a manager is significantly associated with the subordinates’ job performance while emotional intelligence of employees has no moderating effect on this leadership- performance relationshi

A power comparison of various normality tests

<p>The assumption of normality is very important because it is used in many statistical procedures such as Analysis of variance, linear regression analysis, discriminant analysis and t-tests. The three common procedures are used for assessing the assumption of normality that is graphical methods, numerical methods and formal normality tests. In the literature, significant amount of normality tests are available. In this paper, only eight different tests of normality are discussed. The tests consider in the present study are Shapiro Wilk, Shapiro Francia, Kolmogrov Smirnov, Anderson Darling, Cramer von Mises, Jarque Bera, Geary and Lilliefors test. Power comparisons of each test are obtained by using Monte Carlo computation of sample data generated from different alternate distributions by using 5% level of significance. The results show that power of each test is affected by sample size and alternate distribution. Shapiro Francia and Kolmogrov Smirnov test perform well for Cauchy exponential distribution respectively. For t-distribution Geary, Shapiro Francia and Jarque Bera test perform well for degrees of freedom 5, 10 and 15 respectively.</p

On the modified Burr XII-Power distribution: development, properties, characterizations and applications

In this paper, a flexible lifetime distribution with increasing, decreasing and bathtub hazard rate called the Modified Burr XII-Power (MBXII-Power) is developed on the basis of the T-X family technique. The density function of the MBXII-Power is arc, exponential, left-skewed, right-skewed, J, reverse-J and symmetrical shaped. Descriptive measures such as moments, moments of order statistics, incomplete moments, inequality measures, residual life functions and reliability measures are theoretically established. The MBXII-Power distribution is characterized via different techniques. Parameters of the MBXII-Power distribution are estimated using maximum likelihood method. The simulation study is performed on the basis of graphical results to see the performance of maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the MBXII-Power distribution. The potentiality of the MBXII-Power distribution is demonstrated by its application to real data sets: survival times of pigs, survival times of patients and quarterly earnings