Structural analysis of strut-braced wing configuration

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Joinville. Engenharia Aeroespacial.Neste trabalho é realizado o estudo estrutural da conexão strut-asa de um avião com configuração SBW (Strut braced wing). O programa comercial utilizado é o ANSYS, principalmente o módulo de análise estrutural estática. A configuração SBW ainda não está presente em aeronaves de grande porte; portanto, uma aeronave menor será usada como referência: Cessna 182. O estudo foi realizado levando em consideração dois cenários possíveis durante a fase de voo de um Cessna 182. Os resultados obtidos, após a análise estrutural, foram realizados com sucesso obtendo resultados consistentes com a realidade. O objetivo principal da análise estrutural estática é a observação dos valores obtidos tensão-deformação levando em consideração as teorias clássicas de resistência dos materiais.In this study, the structural analysis of the strut-wing connection of an airplane with SBW configuration (Strut braced wing) is carried out. The commercial software used is ANSYS, mainly its static structural analysis module. The SBW configuration is not yet present in large aircraft, therefore, a smaller aircraft is used as a reference: Cessna 182. The study was carried out taking into account two possible scenarios during the flight phase of the Cessna 182. The results obtained were performed satisfactorily, obtaining results consistent with reality. The main objective of the static structural analysis is the study of the obtained stress-strain values, taking into account the classical theory of resistance of materials

Modelo de escuelas evolutivas para campos de refugiados y desplazados en el Sahel

La Fundación Entreculturas, en línea con sus actividades para el desarrollo integral de los sectores desfavorecidos en África, ha elaborado un proyecto en consorcio con JRS (Servicio Jesuita al Refugiado) con el objetivo de “garantizar el acceso a una educación primaria de calidad para la población retornada y las comunidades reintegradas en zonas de acogida en el Este de Chad”. Este proyecto tratará de intervenir en las condiciones educativas tratando la problemática de una manera global: a través de la formación de docentes, la promoción comunitaria, la reducción de la pobreza, la equidad de género y la construcción de infraestructuras. La presente propuesta trata de responder a este último punto, planteando una solución técnica adecuada y pertinente desde el punto de vista del producto y del proceso. Con el documento se pretende aportar una serie de soluciones constructivas que puedan ser utilizadas tanto en los contextos específicos de este proyecto como en otros con características similares, de manera que se contribuya a una estandarización de los procesos y soluciones garantizando la calidad, seguridad, economía, rapidez y control en este tipo de situaciones de emergencia, en los que el tiempo de planificación y ejecución es limitado

Dynamic-Catenal Phytosociology for evaluating vegetation

[EN] The conservation of nature is a problem that has concerned the scientific community for many years. Plants and plant communities play a main role in evaluation and land management studies, owing to their importance as natural and cultural resources. Several studies from the perspective of flora and vegetation have been carried out in the last fifty years (some of them directly related to Phytosociology). According to that, the Dynamic-Catenal Phytosociology must be considered as a very useful tool to evaluate the conservation status of vegetation and to establish suitable models for land management. The fundamental phytosociological concepts to take into account in the evaluation processes of the conservation status of vegetation are reviewed in this study

Heart Alterations after Domoic Acid Administration in Rats

Domoic acid (DA) is one of the best known marine toxins, causative of important neurotoxic alterations. DA effects are documented both in wildlife and experimental assays, showing that this toxin causes severe injuries principally in the hippocampal area. In the present study we have addressed the long-term toxicological effects (30 days) of DA intraperitoneal administration in rats. Different histological techniques were employed in order to study DA toxicity in heart, an organ which has not been thoroughly studied after DA intoxication to date. The presence of DA was detected by immunohistochemical assays, and cellular alterations were observed both by optical and transmission electron microscopy. Although histological staining methods did not provide any observable tissue damage, transmission electron microscopy showed several injuries: a moderate lysis of myofibrils and loss of mitochondrial conformation. This is the first time the association between heart damage and the presence of the toxin has been observedThe research leading to these results has received funding from the following Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) cofunded-grants. From Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial (CDTI) and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Programa Nacional de Recursos y Tecnologías Agroalimentarias (AGL) AGL2012-40185-CO2-01, AGL2014-58210-R, and Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, GRC2013-016. From CDTI under India & Spain Innovating Program (ISIP) Programme, Spain, IDI-20130304 APTAFOOD. From the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme managed by REA—Research Executive Agency (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 312184 PHARMASEAS

Acute Cardiotoxicity Evaluation of the Marine Biotoxins OA, DTX-1 and YTX

Phycotoxins are marine toxins produced by phytoplankton that can get accumulated in filter feeding shellfish. Human intoxication episodes occur due to contaminated seafood consumption. Okadaic acid (OA) and dynophysistoxins (DTXs) are phycotoxins responsible for a severe gastrointestinal syndrome called diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). Yessotoxins (YTXs) are marine toxins initially included in the DSP class but currently classified as a separated group. Food safety authorities from several countries have regulated the content of DSPs and YTXs in shellfish to protect human health. In mice, OA and YTX have been associated with ultrastructural heart damage in vivo. Therefore, this study explored the potential of OA, DTX-1 and YTX to cause acute heart toxicity. Cardiotoxicity was evaluated in vitro by measuring hERG (human èter-a-go-go gene) channel activity and in vivo using electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and cardiac damage biomarkers. The results demonstrated that these toxins do not exert acute effects on hERG channel activity. Additionally, in vivo experiments showed that these compounds do not alter cardiac biomarkers and ECG in rats acutely. Despite the ultrastructural damage to the heart reported for these toxins, no acute alterations of heart function have been detected in vivo, suggesting a functional compensation in the short termThe research leading to these results has received funding from the following FEDER cofunded-grants. From CDTI and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, AGL2012-40185-CO2-01 and Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, GRC2013-016, and through Axencia Galega de Innovación, Spain, ITC-20133020 SINTOX, IN852A 2013/16-3 MYTIGAL. From CDTI under ISIP Programme, Spain, IDI-20130304 APTAFOOD. From the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme managed by REA—Research Executive Agency (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement Nos. 265409 µAQUA, 315285 CIGUATOOLS and 312184 PHARMASEAS

Caracterización bioclimática del Principado de Asturias

Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.[ES]En el estudio se lleva a cabo el primer análisis bioclimático pormenorizado de la comunidad autónoma del Principado de Asturias. Para ello, se ha utilizado el sistema de clasificación propuesto por Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011), profundizando en la caracterización bioclimática de dicho territorio a partir de los datos climáticos mensuales de un total de 1182 estaciones termopluviométricas. Se calcularon los distintos parámetros e índices bioclimáticos que determinaron los macrobioclimas, bioclimas, pisos bioclimáticos (termotipos y ombrotipos), así como sus horizontes y las variantes bioclimáticas existentes en el territorio objeto de estudio. Con los valores obtenidos y mediante el uso del método geoestadístico de interpolación Kriging Bayesiano Empírico, se han elaborado mapas de las distintas unidades bioclimáticas que nos han permitido caracterizar bioclimáticamente el territorio asturiano. Se han reconocido en el área de estudio un macrobioclima, dos bioclimas, una variante bioclimática, ocho horizontes termotípicos y seis horizontes ombrotípicos.[EN]The study carries out the first detailed bioclimatic analysis of the autonomous community of the Principality of Asturias. The classification system proposed by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011) was followed, go deeper into the bioclimatic characterization of the studied territory based on monthly climatic data from 1182 thermopluviometric stations. The different bioclimatic parameters and indices were calculated to determine the macrobioclimates, bioclimates, bioclimatic belts (thermotypes and ombrotypes), as well as their horizons and the existing bioclimatic variants in the study area. With the values obtained and using of the Empirical Bayesian Kriging, a geostatistical interpolation method, were draw maps of the different bioclimatic units that have allowed us to characterize the Asturian territory were drawn. A macrobioclimate, two bioclimates, a bioclimatic variant, eight thermotypical horizons and six ombrotypical horizons have been recognized in the study area

Presente y futuro de la sequía en la Península Ibérica: un análisis comparado

Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.[ES]En este trabajo se realiza un análisis comparado a escala espacial y temporal de la sequía en la Península Ibérica. A escala espacial se compararán diferentes índices climáticos y bioclimáticos de diagnosis territorial de la sequía en el área de estudio seleccionada. A escala temporal se cotejarán los resultados obtenidos en una ventana temporal presente (1981-2010) con los que se obtendrían en un período temporal futuro a medio plazo (2041-2070) considerando un escenario climático intermedio (SSP3-RCP7). Para ello se ha utilizado la versión 2.1 de la base de datos CHELSA (Karger et al., 2017). Respecto de la comparación espacial, se observa un mayor grado de afinamiento en los resultados obtenidos mediante el análisis de la ombroxericidad o sequía bioclimática. En esta aproximación, cada región del área de estudio queda enmarcada en un nivel de ombroxericidad (u ombroxerotipo) concreto, dependiendo de que el análisis se realice a escala mensual, estacional o anual. Así, consideramos que se obtiene un nivel de detalle que no se alcanza con otras propuestas climáticas de estudio de sequía. En lo relativo a la comparación temporal, para cualquier índice cotejado se observa un aumento de los niveles más áridos y secos a consecuencia del aumento de las temperaturas y del cambio en el régimen de las precipitaciones proyectado para el futuro. Se espera que los resultados obtenidos sirvan para realizar futuras predicciones sobre las implicaciones que tendrán los cambios espaciotemporales de distribución de la sequía en las comunidades vegetales, pudiendo tener también aplicaciones en agricultura.[EN]A drought comparative analysis in the Iberian Peninsula is carried out in this work at spatial and temporal scales. At the spatial scale, different climatic and bioclimatic indices of drought territorial diagnosis in the selected study area will be compared. On a temporal scale, the results obtained in a present time window (1981-2010) will be compared with those that would be obtained in a future medium-term time period (2041-2070) considering an intermediate pathway (SSP3-RCP7). For this purpose, version 2.1 of the CHELSA database (Karger et al., 2017) was used. Regarding the spatial comparison, a higher degree of refinement is observed in the results obtained through the analysis of ombroxericity or bioclimatic drought. In this approach, each region of the study area is framed in a specific ombroxerotype, depending on whether the analysis is performed on a monthly, seasonal or annual scale. Thus, a level of detail is obtained that is not reached with other climatic drought study proposals. Regarding the temporal comparison, for any index collated, an increase in the most arid and driest levels is observed as a consequence of the increase in temperatures and the change in the precipitation regime. It is expected that the results obtained will be useful for future predictions on the implications of spatio-temporal changes in the distribution of drought on plant communities, and may also have applications in agriculture

Dynamic-Catenal Phytosociology for Evaluating Vegetation

The conservation of nature is a problem that has concerned the scientific community for many years. Plants and plant communities play a main role in evaluation and land management studies, owing to their importance as natural and cultural resources. Several studies from the perspective of flora and vegetation have been carried out in the last fifty years (some of them directly related to Phytosociology). According to that, the Dynamic-Catenal Phytosociology must be considered as a very useful tool to evaluate the conservation status of vegetation and to establish suitable models for land management. The fundamental phytosociological concepts to take into account in the evaluation processes of the conservation status of vegetation are reviewed in this study

Public perceptions of environmental friendliness of renewable energy power plants

Demanding EU targets for renewables create challenges for governmental decisions regarding energy sources and plant sitting. In this study we explore perceptions of the Portuguese general population regarding renewable energy power plants. In particular we study how these are affected by dimensions such as home distance to the power plant and its visibility, familiarity with the different energy sources, involvement in terms of employment, and socioeconomic characteristics. We find considerable differences in perception depending on familiarity and involvement with energy sources, environmental friendliness, and specific environmental impacts. Assessment of public perceptions of renewables should thus include these different dimensions.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from FCT Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia with Grant Number PTDC/EGE-ECO/122402/2010