Nuestra casa en el árbol

Muy brevemente, al tratarse de una reseña, la presente propuesta se articula como recensión reflexiva que quiere acercar la novela de "Nuestra casa en el árbol" a las y los posibles lectores. Se trata de una reseña compuesta en clave pedagógica, donde la voz de quien la escribe procura dejarse decir por aquello que esta historia nos desvela, a través de sus escenas, como potenciales sentidos educativos..

Las metamorfosis interdiscursivas en la prosa narrativa de Rafael Argullol

La hipótesis desarrollada en este artículo es que la prosa narrativa de Rafael Argullol nace como una escritura metamórfica que se manifiesta en un discurso polifónico y que aúna y conjuga rasgos enunciativos propios tanto de la poesía como de la novela. El enunciador que genera tal escritura es un ‘yo poético polifónico’ y que, por lo tanto, asume una máscara teatral previa al momento de la enunciación. Este artificio enunciativo le permite al enunciador ensanchar la esfera de la propia subjetividad. Y le consiente, además, dialogar con las voces que habitan su biosfera discursiva

Tras la abstracción desencarnada: presencias de infancia. La documentación pedagógica como experiencia formativa de re-significación de la cultura docente.

Esta comunicación, apoyada por la Universidad de Málaga y el Gobierno de España (FPU 17/03577), transita por los significados educativos de la acción, potencialmente filosófica, de documentar pedagógicamente en la escuela infantil, como espacio complejo de relación con las niñas y los niños. Una acción que, además, emerge como una posibilidad para formarse como profesionales desde aquello que acontece en la práctica educativa. En concreto, recorreremos los entresijos de una narrativa vivida por dos niñas que construyen “una casa para el bicho”. Un relato que nos ofrece la oportunidad ya no sólo de mirar a la infancia en la profundidad insospechada de su existencia, sino de sentirnos miradas y mirados por ella… Una constante interpelación, encarnada en la infancia, que nos interroga y con-mueve el lugar de nuestro propio “ser pedagógico”. Esto nos servirá para pensar sobre lo que se torna crucial en nuestra labor cotidiana en un contexto cada vez más incierto y plagado de incertidumbres pero que, sin embargo, podría parecer que nos exige la construcción de verdades absolutas.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Infancia: una ciudadanía singular, compleja e ignorada. El necesario acercamiento documental a las relaciones entre cuerpo y espacio en la infancia

La infancia parece haber sido sentenciada a una constante infravaloración: a menudo se tiende a mirar a los niños y niñas desde una perspectiva que no los considera como sujetos, sino como meros proyectos incompletos de adultos. Su condición de ciudadanas y ciudadanos no solo no les es reconocida, sino que les es negada, silenciada, produciéndose relaciones de poder basadas en la domesticación y la infantilización (Delgado, 2013). Con esta experiencia práctica desarrollada en el segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil del C.E.I.P. Nuestra Señora de Gracia (Málaga), hemos pretendido aproximarnos a la forma en la que los niños y niñas construyen una sociedad singular y compleja. Una delicada aproximación, a través de un proceso de documentación pedagógica (Hoyuelos y Riera, 2015), que nos lleva a comprender sus relaciones más íntimas con el espacio. Se muestran así los resultados de una escucha atenta a cómo niñas y niños generan y regeneran cultura desde sus propias formas de interpretar y habitar los territorios físicos de la escuela. Esto es, narraciones sobre momentos concretos en los que niños y niñas, en su relación con el espacio, nos llevan a una movilización de nuestros esquemas más arraigados sobre la infancia. Niños y niñas que se funden y dialogan con las propiedades de los objetos, que aprecian la belleza de su entorno, y que aprenden en su interacción con él. Momentos de aprendizaje de niños y niñas que, de primera mano, nos acercan al mundo de la infancia. El complejo mundo de la infancia.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

An empirically tested overlap between indigenous and scientific knowledge of a changing climate in Bolivian Amazonia

Existing climate data for Bolivian Amazonia rely on observations from a few sparse weather stations, interpolated on coarse-resolution grids. At the same time, the region hosts numerous indigenous groups with rich knowledge systems that are hitherto untapped in the quest to understand local climate change. Drawing on an empirical dataset of climate change observations by an Amazonian native society, we assess the potential use of indigenous knowledge for complementing available climate data. We find indigenous observations to be robustly associated with local station data for climatic changes over the last five decades. By contrast, there are discrepancies between gridded climate data and both indigenous observations and local station observations. Indigenous knowledge can be instrumental to enhance our understanding of local climate in data-deficient regions. Indigenous observations offer a tool to ground-truth gridded descriptions of climatic changes, thereby making adaptation strategies more robust at local scales. We contend that the use of indigenous knowledge could help to assist the climate interpolation process and address the prevailing uncertainties in local assessments of climate change.Peer reviewe

Predation risk increases in estuarine bivalves stressed by low salinity

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGSalinity drops in estuaries after heavy rains are expected to increase in frequency and intensity over the next decades, with physiological and ecological consequences for the inhabitant organisms. It was investigated whether low salinity stress increases predation risk on three relevant commercial bivalves in Europe. In laboratory, juveniles of Venerupis corrugata, Cerastoderma edule, and the introduced Ruditapes philippinarum were subjected to low salinities (5, 10 and control 35) during two consecutive days and, afterwards, exposed to one of two common predators in the shellfish beds: the shore crab Carcinus maenas and the gastropod Bolinus brandaris, a non-indigenous species present in some Galician shellfish beds. Two types of choice experiment were done: one offering each predator one prey species previously exposed to one of the three salinities, and the other offering each predator the three prey species at the same time, previously exposed to one of the three salinities. Consumption of both predators and predatory behaviour of C. maenas (handling time, rejections, consumption rate) were measured. Predation rates and foraging behaviour differed, with B. brandaris being more generalist than C. maenas. Still, both predators consumed significantly more stressed (salinity 5 and 10) than non-stressed prey. The overall consumption of the native species C. edule and V. corrugata was greater than that of R. philippinarum, likely due to their vulnerability to low salinity and physical traits (e.g., thinner shell, valve gape). Increasing precipitations can alter salinity gradients in shellfish beds, and thus affect the population dynamics of harvested bivalves via predator–prey interactions.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. CTM2014-51935-RMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. BES-2015-074211Xunta de Galicia | Ref. GRC2013-00

Cooperative Learning vs. Projecto Based Learning a practical case

The Bologna Declaration and the implementation of the European Higher Education Area are promoting the use of active learning methodologies such as cooperative learning and project based learning. This study was motivated by the comparison of the results obtained after applying Cooperative Learning (CL) and Project Based Learning (PBL) to a subject of Computer Engineering. The fundamental hypothesis tested was whether the academic success achieved by the students of the first years was higher when CL was applied than in those cases to which PBL was applied. A practical case, by means of which the effectiveness of CL and PBL are compared, is presented in this work. This study has been carried out at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, where these mechanisms have been applied to the Operating Systems I subject from the Technical Engineering in Computer Systems degree (OSIS) and to the same subject from the Technical Engineering in Computer Management degree (OSIM). Both subjects have the same syllabus, are taught in the same year and semester and share also formative objectives. From this study we can conclude that students' academic performance (regarding the grades given) is greater with PBL than with CL. To be more specific, the difference is between 0.5 and 1 point for the individual tests. For the group tests, this difference is between 2.5 and 3 points. Therefore, this study refutes the fundamental hypothesis formulated at the beginning. Some of the possible interpretations of these results are referred to in this stud

Adaptation of the emerging pathogenic yeast Candida auris to high caspofungin concentrations correlates with cell wall changes

Candida auris has emerged as a fungal pathogen that causes nosocomial outbreaks worldwide. Diseases caused by this fungus are of concern, due to its reduced susceptibility to several antifungals. C. auris exhibits paradoxical growth (PG; defined as growth at high, but not intermediate antifungal concentrations) in the presence of caspofungin (CPF). We have characterized the cellular changes associated with adaptation to CPF. Using EUCAST AFST protocols, all C. auris isolates tested showed PG to CPF, although in some isolates it was more prominent. Most isolates also showed a trailing effect (TE) to micafungin and anidulafungin. We identified two FKS genes in C. auris that encode the echinocandins target, namely β-1,3-glucan synthase. FKS1 contained the consensus hot-spot (HS) 1 and HS2 sequences. FKS2 only contained the HS1 region which had a change (F635Y), that has been shown to confer resistance to echinocandins in C. glabrata. PG has been characterized in other species, mainly C. albicans, where high CPF concentrations induced an increase in chitin, cell volume and aggregation. In C. auris CPF only induced a slight accumulation of chitin, and none of the other phenomena. RNAseq experiments demonstrated that CPF induced the expression of genes encoding several GPI-anchored cell wall proteins, membrane proteins required for the stability of the cell wall, chitin synthase and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) involved in cell integrity, such as BCK2, HOG1 and MKC1 (SLT2). Our work highlights some of the processes induced in C. auris to adapt to echinocandins.This work was funded by grant SAF2017-86192-R from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, OZ was also sponsored by Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013-2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/CIII/0004/0003), co-financed by European Development Regional Fund ERDF “A way to achieve Europe”, Operative program Intelligent Growth 2014-2020 and by Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI RD16/CIII/0004/0003).S

Abcg2 transporter affects plasma, milk and tissue levels of meloxicam

33 p.ATP-binding cassette (ABCG2) is an efflux transporter that extrudes xenotoxins from cells in liver, intestine, mammary gland, brain and other organs, affecting the pharmacokinetics, brain accumulation and secretion into milk of several compounds, including antitumoral, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the widely used anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam is an Abcg2 sustrate, and how this transporter affects its systemic distribution. Using polarized ABCG2-transduced cell lines, we found that meloxicam is efficiently transported by murine Abcg2 and human ABCG2. After oral administration of meloxicam, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve in Abcg2-/- mice was 2-fold higher than in wild type mice (146.06 ± 10.57 μg·h/ml versus 73.80 ± 10.00 μg·h/ml). Differences in meloxicam distribution were reported for several tissues, with a 20-fold higher concentration in the brain of Abcg2-/- compared to wild-type mice. Meloxicam secretion into milk was also affected by the transporter, with a 2.5-fold higher milk-to-plasma ratio in wild-type compared with Abcg2-/- lactating female mice (0.58 ± 0.08 versus 0.23 ± 0.06). We conclude that Abcg2 is an important determinant of the plasma and brain distribution of meloxicam and is clearly involved in its secretion into milk. This study was supported by the research projects AGL2015-65626-R (MINECO/FEDER, UE) and RTI2018-100903-B-I00 (AEI/FEDER, UE); and by the predoctoral grants from the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (BES-2016-077235 grant to AMGL), and from Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU14/05131 grant to DGM AND FPU18/01559 grant to EBP); and the Junta de Castilla y Leon and European Regional Development Fund (Post-Doctoral Fellowship LE011P17 grant to IAF)

Role of ABCG2 in secretion into milk of the anti-inflammatory flunixin and its main metabolite: in vitro-in vivo correlation in mice and cows

35 p.Flunixin meglumine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely used in veterinary medicine. It is indicated to treat inflammatory processes, pain and pyrexia in farm animals. In addition, it is one of the few NSAIDs approved for use in dairy cows, and consequently gives rise to concern regarding its milk residues. The ABCG2 efflux transporter is induced during lactation in the mammary gland and plays an important role in the secretion of different compounds into milk. Previous reports have demonstrated that bovine ABCG2 Y581S polymorphism increases fluoroquinolone levels in cow milk. However, the implication of this transporter in the secretion into milk of anti-inflammatory drugs has not yet been studied. The objective of this work was to study the role of ABCG2 in the secretion into milk of flunixin and its main metabolite, 5-hydroxyflunixin, using Abcg2(-/-) mice, and to investigate the implication of the Y581S polymorphism in the secretion of these compounds into cow milk. Correlation with the in vitro situation was assessed by in vitro transport assays using MDCKII cells overexpressing murine and the two variants of the bovine transporter. Our results show that flunixin and 5-hydroxyflunixin are transported by ABCG2 and that this protein is responsible for their secretion into milk. Moreover, the Y581S polymorphism increases flunixin concentration into cow milk, but it does not affect milk secretion of 5-hydroxyflunixin. This result correlates with the differences in the in vitro transport of flunixin between the two bovine variants. These findings are relevant to the therapeutics of anti-inflammatory drug