Analysis for the Heritage Consideration of Historic Spanish Railway Stations (1848¿1929)

[EN] This article presents the study carried out on the main Spanish historic railway stations to obtain a joint and comparative view of the current state of its heritage conservation. The temporal scope is limited to the construction period of the Spanish historic stations. A motivated selection of a series of extrinsic and intrinsic variables is proposed, checking heritage variables to evaluate the degree of adequate heritage protection. The conclusions of the study show the antithesis between what is to be protected (the railway station) and what is really saved (the passenger building), making it necessary to change the legal protection status from monuments to landscapes. Thus, various interventions can be observed on the disaffected land with no heritage connection. The material and technological valorisation of unique components such as the large platform and track roofs is ignored. It is also observed that the maintenance of railway use is essential and that global interventions lead to a more significant loss of significance than those carried out for maintenance purposes. This leads to the conclusion that preventive conservation is more effective in protecting this heritage than global interventions.This work was carried out at the Universitat Politècnica de València in the framework of CONDEREFF project (Ref. PGI05560-CONDEREFF). This work has been carried out within the framework of the PREDILAB research group, as part of the research carried out at the University of Castilla La Mancha and entitled Methodology and systems for improving maintenance and energy efficiency in the rehabilitation and reuse of industrial heritage. Phase 2.Martínez-Corral, A.; Cárcel-Carrasco, J.; Carnero, MC.; Aparicio Fernandez, CS. (2022). Analysis for the Heritage Consideration of Historic Spanish Railway Stations (1848¿1929). Buildings. 12(2):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings1202020611712

Multicharged Dyonic Integrable Models

We introduce and study new integrable models of A_n^{(1)}-Non-Abelian Toda type which admit U(1)\otimes U(1) charged topological solitons. They correspond to the symmetry breaking SU(n+1) \to SU(2)\otimes SU(2)\otimes U(1)^{n-2} and are conjectured to describe charged dyonic domain walls of N=1 SU(n+1) SUSY gauge theory in large n limit. It is shown that this family of relativistic IMs corresponds to the first negative grade q={-1} member of a dyonic hierarchy of generalized cKP type. The explicit relation between the 1-soliton solutions (and the conserved charges as well) of the IMs of grades q=-1 and q=2 is found. The properties of the IMs corresponding to more general symmetry breaking SU(n+1) \to SU(2)^{\otimes p}\otimes U(1)^{n-p} as well as IM with global SU(2) symmetries are discussed.Comment: 48pages, latex, v2. typos in eqns. (1.7) and (3.20) corrected, small improvements in subsection 2.2, new reference added;v3. improvements in text of Sect. 1,2 and 6; new Sect 7 and new refs. added; version to appear in Nucl. Phys.

Correlation between the Altered Gut Microbiome and Lifestyle Interventions in Chronic Widespread Pain Patients: A Systematic Review

: Background: Lifestyle interventions have a direct impact on the gut microbiome, changing its composition and functioning. This opens an innovative way for new therapeutic opportunities for chronic widespread patients. Purpose: The goal of the present study was to evaluate a correlation between lifestyle interventions and the gut microbiome in patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP). Methods: The systematic review was conducted until January 2023. Pain and microbiome were the two keywords selected for this revision. The search was conducted in PubMed, Chochrane, PEDro and ScienceDirect, where 3917 papers were obtained. Clinical trials with lifestyle intervention in CWP patients were selected. Furthermore, these papers had to be related with the gut microbiome, excluding articles related to other types of microbiomes. Results: Only six articles were selected under the eligibility criteria. Lifestyle interventions were exercise, electroacupuncture and ingesting a probiotic. Conclusions: Lifestyle intervention could be a suitable choice to improve the gut microbiome. This fact could be extrapolated into a better quality of life and lesser levels of pain

Conventional Cervical Exercises Compared with a Mixed-Reality-Based Game in Asymptomatic Subjects: An Exploratory Crossover Pilot Study.

Mixed reality presents itself as a potential technological tool for the management of people with musculoskeletal disorders, without having as many adverse side effects as immersive virtual reality. The objective of this study was to explore the possibilities of a mixed-reality game, performing task-oriented cervical exercises compared to conventional therapeutic exercises in sensorimotor outcome measures in asymptomatic subjects. A randomized crossover pilot study was performed with two intervention groups: a mixed-reality group (MRG) and a conventional exercise group (CEG). The cervical joint position error test (CJPET) and deep cervical flexor endurance test (DCFET) were measured as sensorimotor outcomes. Statistically significant differences were found in the pre–post comparison in the DCFET for both groups (MRG: t = �����3.87, p < 0.01; CEG: t = �����4.01, p < 0.01) and in the extension of the CJPET for the MRG (t = 3.50, p < 0.01). The rest of the measurements showed no significant differences comparing both groups pre- and postintervention (p > 0.05). Mixed reality has apparently the same positive effects as conventional exercises in sensorimotor outcomes in asymptomatic subjects. These results could help in future studies with mixed virtual reality in the management of people with musculoskeletal disorders.post-print882 K

M-Mode Ultrasound Behavior of Rectus Femoris and Vastus Intermedius during Contraction with Anthropometric Correlations: Cross-Sectional Study

The quadriceps femoris muscle (QF) is of clinical importance since it has been correlated with pathologies at knee level, such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, pain processes and complex clinical conditions. Among the variables that have been related to these clinical conditions are anthropometric measurements, architecture and muscular behavior of the QF. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VIM) muscles' behavior measured by rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) M-mode under maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and anthropometric measurements. This was a cross-sectional, observational study. Sixty-two asymptomatic volunteers were included (20.42 +/- 4.97 years, most women 59.7%). RUSI measurements were muscle contraction/rest thickness and contraction/relaxation velocity. Anthropometric measurements were, lower limb length, RF length, QF tendon length, distance between spines, proximal, middle and distal thigh perimeter. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between VIM thickness at rest and contraction with thigh perimetry, RF length and dominant lower limb length. For the RF, a correlation was found between the thickness at rest and the length of this muscle (p = 0.003). There is a correlation between anthropometric variables and muscular behavior measured by RUSI M-mode.Fisioterapi

Visually-induced analgesia in a deep tissue experimental pain model: A randomised cross-over experiment

Background: Visualizing one’s own painful body part appears to have an effect on reported pain intensity. Furthermore, it seems that manipulating the size of the viewed image can determine the direction and extent of this phenomenon. When visual distortion has been applied to clinical populations the analgesic effects have been in opposition to those observed in some experimental pain models. To help resolve this problem we explored the effect of visualisation and magnification of the visual image on reported pain using a delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) pain model. Methods: We induced DOMS in the quadriceps of 20 healthy volunteers. Forty-eight hours later participants performed a series of painful contractions of the DOMS affected muscle under four randomised conditions: 1. Viewing the injured thigh; 2. Viewing the contralateral thigh; 3. Viewing a neutral object; 4. Viewing the injured thigh through magnifying glasses. For each condition, participants rated their pain intensity during a series of painful contractions. Results: We observed that direct visualisation of the injured thigh had no effect on pain intensity when compared to viewing the contralateral thigh or neutral object. However, magnification of the DOMS-affected leg during the performance of painful contractions caused participants to report more pain than when viewing the injured thigh normally. Conclusions: These results further demonstrate that the effect of visualisation varies between different pain conditions. These results may have implications for the integration of visual feedback into clinical practice

Actividad física y acelerometría: orientaciones metodológicas, recomendaciones y patrones de movimiento en escolares

Introducción: En los últimos años, ha cobrado especial importancia el empleo de acelerómetros para valorar la actividad física de niños y jóvenes. La metodología utilizada en el uso de la acelerometría determina los resultados obtenidos y condiciona la posibilidad de comparar diferentes estudios. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión, se centra en aspectos metodológicos relacionados con la evaluación de la actividad física en escolares utilizando la acelerometría. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de los artículos incluidos en las bases de datos Medline/ Pubmed y Scielo que utilizaran acelerómetros con participantes en edad escolar entre Enero de 2002 y Agosto de 2013, seleccionándose 133 artículos científicos. Resultados: Parece existir un cierto consenso respecto a la elección del lugar de colocación, el tiempo de registro y el empleo de epochs cada vez más reducidos; sin embargo, se encuentra una gran variabilidad respecto al modelo de acelerómetro empleado y los puntos de corte seleccionados. Discusión y Conclusiones: Los diferentes criterios empleados, dificultan la comparación en la metodología empleada entre estudios a pesar de que existan ciertos puntos en común entre ellos. Introduction: Over the last years, the use of accelerometers has become relevant to quantify physical activity among youth. Methods used with accelerometers might modify the results and the possibility to compare different papers. These devices have been proved to be effective and valid quantifying long periods of physical activity compared to other methods. Objective: To show methodological criteria regarding physical activity assessed by accelerometry with schoolars. Methodology: It was conducted a review of the literature related to accelerometers and scholar-aged subjects at PubMed from January 2002 to August 2013, selecting 133 papers. Results: As far as it is shown, it appears to be some tendencies related to the choice of attachment of the device, wearing time and a shorter epoch-length; however, it has been found a wide variability regarding the model of accelerometer and cutoff points used. Discussion and Conclusions: The different criterion used makes it difficult to compare methodological aspects among studies in spite of some papers carried out similar methods

Short-term changes in median nerve neural tension after a suboccipital muscle inhibition technique in subjects with cervical whiplash: A randomised controlled trial.

Objectives To assess the immediate effect of a suboccipital muscle inhibition (SMI) technique on: (a) neck pain, (b) elbow extension rangeof motion during the upper limb neurodynamic test of the median nerve (ULNT-1), and (c) grip strength in subjects with cervical whiplash;and determine the relationships between key variables.Design Randomised, single-blind, controlled clinical trial.Setting Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Spain.Participants Forty subjects {mean age 34 years [standard deviation (SD) 3.6]} with Grade I or II cervical whiplash and a positive responseto the ULNT-1 were recruited and distributed into two study groups: intervention group (IG) (n = 20) and control group (CG) (n = 20).Interventions The IG underwent the SMI technique for 4 minutes and the CG received a sham (placebo) intervention. Measures were collectedimmediately after the intervention.Main outcome measures The primary outcome was elbow range of motion during the ULNT-1, measured with a goniometer. The secondaryoutcomes were self-perceived neck pain (visual analogue scale) and free-pain grip strength, measured with a digital dynamometer.Results The mean baseline elbow range of motion was 116.0◦(SD 10.2) for the CG and 130.1◦(SD 7.8) for the IG. The within-groupcomparison found a significant difference in elbow range of motion for the IG [mean difference −15.4◦, 95% confidence interval (CI) −20.1to −10.6; P = 0.01], but not for the CG (mean difference −4.9◦, 95% CI −11.8 to 2.0; P = 0.15). In the between-group comparison, thedifference in elbow range of motion was significant (mean difference −10.5◦, 95% CI −18.6 to −2.3; P = 0.013), but the differences in gripstrength (P = 0.06) and neck pain (P = 0.38) were not significant.Conclusion The SMI technique has an immediate positive effect on elbow extension in the ULNT-1. No immediate effects on self-perceivedcervical pain or grip strength were observed

Enhancing European capabilities for application of multi-omics studies in biology and biomedicine space research

Following on from the NASA twins’ study, there has been a tremendous interest in the use of omics techniques in spaceflight. Individual space agencies, NASA's GeneLab, JAXA's ibSLS, and the ESA-funded Space Omics Topical Team and the International Standards for Space Omics Processing (ISSOP) groups have established several initiatives to support this growth. Here, we present recommendations from the Space Omics Topical Team to promote standard application of space omics in Europe. We focus on four main themes: i) continued participation in and coordination with international omics endeavors, ii) strengthening of the European space omics infrastructure including workforce and facilities, iii) capitalizing on the emerging opportunities in the commercial space sector, and iv) capitalizing on the emerging opportunities in human subjects research