Un análisis del fenómeno del liderazgo en la empresa = An analysis of the phenomenon of business leadership

En este trabajo se revisa la importancia del liderazgo efectivo y su efecto sobre las organizaciones. Se describen las posiciones fundamentales que los diferentes autores tienen sobre el concepto de liderazgo y se resumen las principales diferencias entre las mismas pues la complejidad para acotar una definición unánime sobre el mismo es donde radican las primordiales causas de desacuerdos. La revisión de la literatura sobre liderazgo muestra que sigue despertando el interés académico por la comprensión de los fenómenos de liderazgo específicos y que, si bien se han llevado a cabo progresos, sigue considerándose un tema que precisa de mayor desarrollo e investigación. Este trabajo, por tanto, trata de aportar una visión general detectando las carencias existentes en esta materia y recogiendo las oportunidades que este campo ofrece a los investigadores en materia de desarrollo organizacional. Palabras clave: liderazgo, teoría liderazgo, liderazgo efectivo, desempeño organizacional, carisma, autenticidad, inteligencia emociona

Hyper-Cross-Linked Porous Polymer Featuring B−N Covalent Bonds (HCP-BNs): A Stable and Efficient Metal-Free Heterogeneous Photocatalyst

The first example of a porous polymer containing B-Ncovalentbonds, prepared from a tetraphene B-N monomer and biphenylas a comonomer, is reported. It was prepared using the solvent knittingstrategy, which allows the connection between the aromatic rings ofthe two monomers through methylene groups provided by an externalcross-linking agent. The new polymer exhibited micromeso porositywith an S (BET) of 612 m(2)/g, highthermal stability, and potential properties as a heterogeneous photocatalyst,since it is very active in the aza-Henry coupling reaction (>98%ofconversion and selectivity). After the first run, the catalyst improvesits photocatalytic activity, shortening the reaction time to only2 h and maintaining this activity in successive runs. The presenceof a radical in this structure that remains stable with successiveruns makes it a new type of material with potential applications asa highly stable and efficient photocatalyst.Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónComunidad de Madri

A Ciencia Cierta: proyecto de visibilización

[RESUMEN] ¿Por qué no aprendemos en las escuelas los grandes logros que miles de mujeres han alcanzado para el avance de la humanidad? El currículum escolar, especialmente el formal, no refleja las conquistas y éxitos que las mujeres han conseguido a lo largo de la Historia. Su escasa presencia en los libros de texto, fundamentalmente en el campo de la Ciencia y de la Tecnología, genera una idea errónea, sesgada y parcial de quiénes fueron los protagonistas de los hechos y procesos históricos, científicos y tecnológicos más importantes para el desarrollo y el progreso de nuestra sociedad. Esta identificación del hombre como protagonista histórico, principalmente en estos campos, podría estar provocando una feminización y una masculinización de las carreras académicas y profesionales, propiciada desde la infancia por un orden simbólico minuciosamente establecido en el que impera la dominación masculina. La aplicación por tanto de la perspectiva de género en los contenidos escolares y en el propio currículum oculto, nos permite equilibrar las relaciones desiguales de poder y desbancar al androcentrismo del puesto privilegiado que la autoridad masculina le ha otorgado. En este texto se presenta un proyecto de investigación que pretende por un lado devolver a las mujeres pioneras, científicas y tecnólogas el espacio que les corresponde dentro de las escuelas y por tanto dentro del conocimiento global. Y por otro, visibilizar nuevos modelos femeninos referenciales para transformar las subjetividades individuales que se edifican con fuerza en la infancia y en la adolescencia

Technique to evaluate the thermoregulatory capacity before thermal stress. Application case of thermographic images to blood flow monitoring

7 p.In order to improve the acquisition of skills in nursing and physiotherapy, a new learning methodology is presented. To this end, a laboratory practice based on the combination of thermographic technologies and clinical practice is shown. The thermographic images are used for the evaluation of the thermoregulatory system of the hands, with particular emphasis on Raynaud's syndrome or phenomenon. In Raynaud's syndrome, alterations in surface temperature occur in peripheral regions such as the hands. In this methodological practice, thermographic information is evaluated to observe the physiological response to thermal stress, information that can be handled by students via e-learning. It is a protocol model of thermal stress by immersing hands in cold water. The present work is related to the application of infrared technology that can be used not only for the acquisition of practical skills, but also for the evaluation of competencies in the area of health sciences. In this practical project the student is able to apply complex competences in the field that will be developed throughout their career in both clinical and / or researchS

Suicide attempts and related factors in patients admitted to a general hospital: a ten-year crosssectional study (1997-2007)

[Abstract] Background: Suicide and suicide attempts represent a severe problem for public health services. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and psychopathological variables associated with suicide attempts in the population admitted to a General Hospital. Methods: An observational-descriptive study of patients admitted to the A Coruña University Hospital (Spain) during the period 1997-2007, assessed by the Consultation and Liaison Psychiatric Unit. We include n = 5,234 admissions from 4,509 patients. Among these admissions, n = 361 (6.9%) were subsequent to a suicide attempt. Admissions arising from a suicide attempt were compared with admissions occurring due to other reasons.Multivariate generalised estimating equation logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with suicide attempts. Results: Adjusting by age, gender, educational level, cohabitation status, being employed or unemployed, the psychiatric diagnosis at the time of the interview and the information on previous suicide attempts, we found that the variables associated with the risk of a suicide attempt were: age, psychiatric diagnosis and previous suicide attempts. The risk of suicide attempts decreases with age (OR = 0.969). Psychiatric diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of suicide attempts, with the highest risk being found for Mood or Affective Disorders (OR = 7.49), followed by Personality Disorders (OR = 7.31), and Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders (OR = 5.03).The strongest single predictive factor for suicide attempts was a prior history of attempts (OR = 23.63). Conclusions: Age, psychopathological diagnosis and previous suicide attempts are determinants of suicide attempts

Synergies between Geomatics and Health Sciences for the creation of new virtual materials for teaching podiatry

[EN] Thermography as a methodology for quantitative analysis is not usually addressed in the degrees of the university programs of the Health Sciences branch, with the consequent deficiencies in technological tools in the training of future graduates. Therefore, this manuscript proposes a novel approach for the acquisition of advanced skills in the Health Sciences degree of podiatry, through the application of techniques and tools from Geomatics engineering and based on free/open-source software solutions. This strategy uses 3D visualization techniques on thermographic images to improve the interpretation and understanding of thermographic images related to the physiological and pathological analysis of the lower extremity. The specific workflow for the generation of didactic material related to this objective is proposed for asynchronous and e-learning programs, so that these virtual materials can be easily deployed on the institutional based-on Moodle platform, allowing students to enrich the learning. The application of Geomatics advances in the Health Sciences branch will improve students' critical thinking, so they will be better prepared to face future challenges in the labor marketSIThis work has been supported by the 2021 Educational Innovation Program of the Universidad de León (PAID – Plan de Apoyo a la Innovación Docente

Uptake of ivermectin from growing substrate to plant species

Ivermectin (IVM) is a worldwide-used antiparasitic drug. However, its high level of faecal elimination together with its transfer from dung pats to the underlying soil as well as the common practice of using manure for soil amendement represents a potencial risk to plants growing in these substrates. Two trials were conducted to evaluate the uptake of IVM to: 1) a crop of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and clover (Trifolium repens) growing for 120 days post treatment (dpt) in IVM-spiked soil at 3000 (High group, HG) and 90ng/g (Low group, LG); and 2) a crop of radish (Raphanus sativus) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growing for 60 dpt in a mix of soil and 10% IVM-spiked manure at 3000ng/g. Soil, soil-manure mix and plants were sampled starting at 15 dpt and at the end of each trial. All matrices were analyzed by HPLC to quantify IVM concentration. Trial 1: In HG, IVM concentration in soil decreased Ivermectin (IVM) is a worldwide-used antiparasitic drug. However, its high level of faecal elimination together with its transfer from dung pats to the underlying soil as well as the common practice of using manure for soil amendement represents a potencial risk to plants growing in these substrates. Two trials were conducted to evaluate the uptake of IVM to: 1) a crop of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and clover (Trifolium repens) growing for 120 days post treatment (dpt) in IVM-spiked soil at 3000 (High group, HG) and 90ng/g (Low group, LG); and 2) a crop of radish (Raphanus sativus) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) growing for 60 dpt in a mix of soil and 10% IVM-spiked manure at 3000ng/g. Soil, soil-manure mix and plants were sampled starting at 15 dpt and at the end of each trial. All matrices were analyzed by HPLC to quantify IVM concentration. Trial 1: In HG, IVM concentration in soil decreased.Fil: Iglesias, Lucía Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Sallovitz, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Saumell, Carlos Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Alicia Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Junco, Milagros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Sagüés, María Federica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Zegbi, Sara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Lifschitz, Adrian Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina27th Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary ParasitologyMadisonEstados UnidosWorld Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitolog

Influenza vaccine and risk of acute myocardial infarction in a population-based case-control study

Objective To assess the relationship between influenza vaccination and risk of a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the general population by different epidemic periods. Methods This is a population-based case?control study carried out in BIFAP (Base de datos para la investigación farmacoepidemiológica en atención primaria), over 2001?2015, in patients aged 40?99 years. Per each incident AMI case, five controls were randomly selected, individually matched for exact age, sex and index date (AMI diagnosis). A patient was considered vaccinated when he/she had a recorded influenza vaccination at least 14 days before the index date within the same season. The association between influenza vaccination and AMI risk was assessed through a conditional logistic regression, computing adjusted ORs (AOR) and their respective 95% CIs. The analysis was performed overall and by each of the three time epidemic periods per study year (pre-epidemic, epidemic and postepidemic). Results We identified 24 155 AMI cases and 120 775 matched controls. Of them, 31.4% and 31.2%, respectively, were vaccinated, yielding an AOR of 0.85 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.88). No effect modification by sex, age and background cardiovascular risk was observed. The reduced risk of AMI was observed shortly after vaccination and persisted over time. Similar results were obtained during the pre-epidemic (AOR=0.87; 95% CI 0.79 to 0.95), epidemic (AOR=0.89; 95% CI 0.82 to 0.96) and postepidemic (AOR=0.83; 95% CI 0.79 to 0.87) periods. No association was found with pneumococcal vaccine (AOR=1.10; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.15). Conclusions Results are compatible with a moderate protective effect of influenza vaccine on AMI in the general population, mostly in primary prevention, although bias due to unmeasured confounders may partly account for the results.Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónHospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturia