Strong aftershocks traffic light system: A case study of the 8 January 2022 MS6.9 Menyuan earthquake, Qinghai Province, China

Strong aftershocks, especially the disaster-causing M≥5.0 kind, are a key concern for mitigation of seismic risks because they often lead to superimposed earthquake damage. However, the real-time forecasting results of the traditional probability prediction models based on statistics are usually far from accurate and therefore unsatisfactory. Borrowing an idea from the foreshock traffic light system (FTLS), which is based on observations of decreasing b-values or increasing differential stress just before a strong aftershock, we constructed a strong aftershock traffic light system (SATLS) that uses data-driven technology to improve the reliability of time sequence b-value calculations, and analyzed the b-value variations of strong aftershocks in the China continent. We applied this system to the MS6.9 Menyuan earthquake occurred on 8 January 2022. The earthquake occurrence rates before the largest aftershock (MS5.2) forecast by the Omi-R-J model were too low, although the model could accurately forecast aftershock rates for each magnitude interval in most time-periods. However, reliable b-values can be calculated using the time-sequence b-value data-driven (TbDD) method, and the results showed that the b-values continued declining from 1.3 days before the MS5.2 aftershock and gradually recovered afterward. This would suggest that the stress evolution in the focal area can provide data for deciding when to post risk alerts of strong aftershocks. In the process of building the SATLS, we studied thirty-four M≥6.0 intraplate earthquake sequences in the China continent and concluded that the differences between the b-values of the aftershock sequences and of the background events, △b = bafter - bbg = ±0.1, could be used as thresholds to determine whether M≥5.0 aftershocks would occur. The △b value obtained using the events before the MS5.2 aftershock of the MS6.9 Menyuan sequence was about -0.04, which would have caused the SATLS to declare a yellow alert, but there would have been some gap expected before a red alert was triggered by the b-value difference derived from the events associated with this strong aftershock. To accurately forecast a strong aftershock of M≥5.0, a deeper understanding of the true b-value and a detailed description of the stress evolution state in the source area is necessary

MicroRNA-322 inhibits inflammatory cytokine expression and promotes cell proliferation in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages by targeting NF-κB1 (p50)

Correspondence : Hanchuan Dai ([email protected]) Inflammation is the body's normal self-protection mechanism to eliminate pathogens and resist pathogen invasion. The excessive inflammatory response may lead to inflammatory lesions. The mechanisms accounting for inflammation remain hazy. miRNAs have been proposed to have crucial effects on inflammation. In the present study, we reported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulation increased the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and the cell-cycle progression was suppressed in RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, the expression of miR-322 was significantly down-regulated after LPS treatment. Bioinformatics predictions revealed a potential binding site of miR-322 in 3 -UTR of NF-κB1 (p50) and it was further confirmed by luciferase assay. Moreover, both the mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB1 (p50) were down-regulated by miR-322 in RAW264.7 cells. Subsequently, we demonstrated that miR-322 mimics decrease in the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and cell-cycle repression can be rescued following LPS treatment in RAW264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory cytokines expression including IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly up-regulated. Furthermore, miR-322 could also promote RAW264.7 cells proliferation. These results demonstrate that miR-322 is a negative regulator of inflammatory response by targeting NF-κB1 (p50)

A4. En tekst om å ville â og ikke ville være vanlig

People living outside conventional families have to grapple with the concept of ordinariness. If their lives are not seen as ordinary intimate lives, what life choices and narrative choices do they have in claiming and responding to this extraordinariness? The article explores ordinariness as a theoretical and cultural concept, and shows how both theoretical approaches and self-narratives can have very different as well as ambivalent attitudes towards ordinariness

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Complete mitochondrial genome of Accipiter trivirgatus

Crested goshawk (Accipiter trivirgatus) is a diurnal raptor tropical Asia which is a bird species in family Accipitridae. In the present study, we determined its complete mitochondrial genome by PCR-based method. The complete mitochondrial genome was 18,454 bp in length which overall base composition was 31.2% A, 24.4% T, 31.0% C, and 13.4% G. It consisted of the typical structure of 13 PCGs, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 2 control regions. All of the PCGs started with ATG codon, except for ND3 which was started with ATC. Most of the genes terminate with codons TAA. The non-coding regions include pseudo-control regions

Subunit Vaccine Preparation of Bovine Rotavirus and Its Efficacy in Mice

ABSTRACT Background: Rotaviruses (RV) are important viral diarrheal agents in calves. Vaccination is an optimum measure to prevent bovine rotaviruses (BRV) infection. However, little research on BRV VP7 vaccine has been done and currently there is no BRV vaccine. Objective: To prepare a subunit vaccine of BRV and investigate its efficacy. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from MA104 cells infected with bovine rotavirus (BRV) strain GSB01. BRV VP7 gene was amplified using real time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). The pEASY-T3-VP7 plasmid was digeste

STRATLINGITE AND CALCIUM HEMICARBOALUMINATE HYDRATE IN BELITE-CALCIUM SULPHOALUMINATE CEMENT

Belite-calcium sulphoaluminate (BCSA) cement is a promising low-CO2 alternative to ordinary Portland cement. With high water cement ratio, phase compositions of the BCSA pastes at different curing ages were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Large amounts of water accelerated the hydration reaction significantly and substantial ettringite (C6AS3.H32, AFt) was generated in the early stages. With the carbonation of AFt in the later stages, lots of stratlingite (C2ASH8) and calcium hemicarboaluminate hydrate (C4AC0.5H12, Hc) formed after curing age of 28 days. The microstructure of C2ASH8 and Hc in the BCSA pastes were observed and confirmed via a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The results indicated that C2ASH8 was thick hexagonal plate product and Hc was thin sheet-like product. C2ASH8 and Hc would stack together respectively in the later stages of hydration. In addition, spherical aluminum hydroxide (AH3) and rod-like AFt were also observed