Means test by herd and time period for treatment and control herds.

<p>*Satterthwaite’s approximate degrees of freedom given unequal variances.</p><p>The table contains the herd specific percentage change in mean <i>HG, BCS</i> and net price <i>P*</i> that occurred in time periods 1, 2 and 3</p><p>Means test by herd and time period for treatment and control herds.</p

Density plot illustrating the length of time (days) cattle herds spend avoiding wildebeest calves and infection with the MCF virus.

<p>Dashed red line indicates the mean</p

MCF management response.

<p>This table contains an overview of the questions and summary statistics that emanated from the herd management questionnaire</p><p>MCF management response.</p

Summary statistics for market sample, treatment and control herds.

<p>This table provides summary statistics for all variables used in the final regression and price effect estimation</p><p>Summary statistics for market sample, treatment and control herds.</p

Density plot illustrating the distance (km) that cattle herds travelled to avoid wildebeest calves and MCF virus.

<p>Dashed red line indicates the mean</p

Bar chart of the proportion of the treatment herd cattle recorded sick during the study period.

<p>Data collection points were either 2 or 3 days apart and this accounts for the variation of the spacing of the bars. The plot is annotated with lines indicating the position of time periods 1–3.</p

Hedonic price regression.

<p>*<i>p</i> < 0.1;</p><p>**<i>p</i> < 0.05;</p><p>***<i>p</i> < 0.01 (The heteroskedasticity-robust Huber/White/sandwich covariance estimator was used to calculate standard errors)</p><p>Joint significance of <i>Age</i>: </p><p></p><p></p><p><mi>F</mi></p><p><mn>171</mn></p><mn>3</mn><p></p><mo>=</mo><mn>4.5</mn><p></p><p></p>, <i>p</i> = 0.0047.<p></p><p>This table contains the results of the final hedonic price regression</p><p>Hedonic price regression.</p

Antibiogram of <i>P. multocida</i> isolates (according to the standards given by CLSI [56]).

<p>S: susceptible; R: resistant; I: intermediate.</p

Phylogenetic analysis of the <i>sodA</i> gene.

<p>The tree was built using the maximum-likelihood method from an analysis of <i>sodA</i> sequences (452 bp) from the chimpanzee's isolates and sequences obtained from GenBank. Isolates belonging to the species <i>P. multocida</i> are boxed grey; the chimpanzees isolates are written in bold. Taxon labels indicate species and strain number, including strains with identical <i>sodA</i> sequences (species and subspecies assignments are according to Gautier et al. (2005) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0024236#pone.0024236-Gautier1" target="_blank">[28]</a>). <i>P. langaensis</i> and <i>P. bettyae</i> were used as outgroup. Bootstrap values were calculated with 500 replicates and are given in percent.</p

Radial Maximum Likelihood trees constructed with concatenated housekeeping gene allele sequences used for MLST analysis.

<p>Shown left is the complete MLST tree constructed with 73 sequence types (STs) and the position of the type strains for the <i>P. multocida</i> subspecies (<i>P. multocida</i> ssp. <i>septica</i>: CIPA125; <i>P. multocida</i> ssp. <i>multocida</i>: NCTC10322; <i>P. multocida</i> ssp. <i>gallicida</i>: NCTC10204). The position of the chimpanzee isolates (boxed grey) is displayed in the subtree (A). STs are labelled with coloured dots indicating the isolation sources and ST numbers. Bold branches indicate for bootstrap values >70%.</p