50 research outputs found

    BIOECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF A FEEDLOT BULL WITH DIFFERENT GENETIC GROUPS

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    Livestock systems require a thorough analysis of zootechnical and financial indicators. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the bioeconomic performance of feedlot bulls with different genetic groups in 2012 and 2013. The experiment was carried out on a farm in Paragominas, State of Pará. The confined animals belonged to the Nellore (NE), ½ Angus ½ Nellore (AN) and ½ Charolais ½ Nellore (CH) breeds. The indicators analyzed were the cost of production and economic indicators. Additionally, zootechnical indicators were evaluated, being considered NE, AN, and CH as treatments in a completely randomized design. The financial results of the total production cost were R118,493.21in2012,andR 118,493.21 in 2012, and R 111,166.35 in 2013, and the profitability obtained was 11% in 2012 and 8% in 2013. Regarding the zootechnical indicators, the CH genetic group showed superiority (P <0.01) compared to the NE genetic group for the variables initial weight (IW), final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), average daily weight gain (DWG), and carcass yield (CY). The confinement proved to be economically viable, with positive margins and satisfactory profitability, and the CH genetic group had the best indicators and the highest increase in the final revenue of the activity

    Composição bromatológica e pH da silagem de diferentes frações da parte aérea da mandioca tratada com doses crescentes de óxido de cálcio

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    Objetivou-se avaliar a composição bromatológica e pH da silagem de diferentes frações daparte aérea da planta da mandioca tratada com doses crescentes de óxido de cálcio. Utilizouseum delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 × 3, composto de três tiposde silagens confeccionadas de diferentes frações da parte aérea da planta

    Ingestive behavior of calves fed diets based on corn grain and supplementary hay / Comportamento ingestivo de bezerros alimentados com dietas a base de milho grão inteiro e feno suplementar

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    In this work, the influence of the addition of Tifton-85 hay supplement to the corn grain mix and commercial pellet was assessed in terms of the digestive behavior exhibited by the dairy calves. The Latin square 4 x 4 duplicate and simultaneous design was adopted in this experiment, in which the treatments included four levels of the hay supplement Tifton-85 (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 %) with respect to body weight, in the corn grain mix and commercial pellet, over four experimental periods, with two repetitions (eight animals). The effect of the hay levels (P < 0.05) was evident in the time taken by the animals for feeding (TFE), rumination (TRU), and total chewing time (TCT), however, the time spent in leisure (TO) remained unaffected (P > 0.05). The variables, chew time per bolus (CT/bolus), and number of chews per bolus (NC/bolus) showed no differences among the treatments (P > 0.05), however, the number of chews per day (NC/day), and number of ruminal boluses (NRB) revealed significant variations (P < 0.05). Among the treatments, the effects on feed efficiency (EFDM) and rumination (ERUDM) of dry matter (P < 0.05) were evident, but the rumination efficiency of the neutral detergent fiber (ERUNDF), and rumination rate (RR) were not affected (P > 0.05). The supplementary levels of hay added to the diet increased the rumination and chewing times. 

    Ruminal degradability of tropical leguminous plants from eastern Amazonia

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    The aim of this study was to evaluate ruminal degradation of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of Cratylia argentea, Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Merrill, and Stylosanthes guianensis ‘Campo Grande’ (EMBRAPA), aged 55 and 75 days, in sheep with rumen cannulas, using the in-situ technique. A factorial design of 3 leguminous plants × 2 ages × 6 incubation times was used, totaling 36 experimental units. The experimental period included 14 days for adaptation to diet and 5 days for data collection. Cratylia at both ages and Flemingia aged 55 days showed the highest “a” fraction values for DM degradability. Cratylia aged 55 days and Stylosanthes at both ages showed the highest “a” fraction values for CP. The highest “b” fraction value for DM was 51.27% for Stylosanthes aged 55 days. This rate was lower for the other leguminous plants, especially for Flemingia at both ages. The “b” fraction values for NDF are considered low for Flemingia, what may be the result of lower ruminal degradation. The highest “c” fraction degradation rate for DM was observed in all leguminous plants studied aged 75 days. The highest “c” fraction value for CP was 14.84% for Stylosanthes aged 75 days. The highest Kd fraction values for DM, NDF, and CP were found in Flemingia. Cratylia, and Stylosanthes aged 75 days presented higher effective degradability (ED) values for DM at 2 and 5%/hour compared to Flemingia at both ages. Cratylia and Stylosanthes had the highest ED values for NDF, regardless of their passage rates. Stylosanthes presented higher ED values for CP at both ages, regardless of its passage rate. The highest DM, NDF, and CP potential degradability (PD) was obtained for Cratylia and Stylosanthes, at both ages. The leguminous plants Cratylia and Stylosanthes can be recommended for use as a protein bank and supplementation for ruminants, whereas, Flemingia macrophylla should not be used as a protein supplement for ruminants, because it contains high levels of fibrous fractions

    Perfil metabólico de novilhas alimentadas com diferentes fontes proteicas

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    Objetivou-se avaliar o perfil dos metabólitos sanguíneos de novilhas leiteiras alimentadas com dietas isoproteicas constituídas por quatro fontes de proteína (farelos de soja, algodão, girassol e amendoim) contendo cana-de-açúcar como volumoso exclusivo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi um duplo quadrado latino 4 x 4, com oito animais, quatro tratamentos e quatro períodos experimentais. Na análise dos parâmetros sanguíneos foi utilizado um modelo que incluiu o efeito do quadrado, período, fontes proteicas, horário, e interação fontes proteicas x horários e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade.As concentrações de proteínas totais, albumina, ureia e creatinina no soro sanguíneo das novilhas não foram influenciadas pelas diferentes fontes proteicas (P>0,05), porém, observou-se diferença significativa apenas nas concentrações médias de creatinina entre os horários de coleta de sangue (P<0,05). Entre os horários de coleta do sangue foi observada diferença significativa (P<0,05) nas concentrações médias de beta-hidroxibutirato e ácidos graxos não esterificados, e uma tendência para triglicérides (P=0,06).As fontes proteicas não causam alterações nas atividades séricas, sendo que os valores do perfil metabólico sanguíneo mantiveram na faixa dos valores considerados referência

    Dietas para bovinos com diferentes fontes de nitrogênio e carboidratos / Cattle feed with different sources of nitrogen and carbohydrates

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    Objetivou-se determinar os efeitos da associação entre milho moído ou silagem de milho reidratado com ureia convencional ou de lenta liberação para os parâmetros de consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes em bovinos de corte. Utilizou-se dois consecutivos quadrados latinos (4x4) com duração de 56 dias, representado por quatro tratamentos MMUC – milho moído + uréia comum; MMUP – milho moído + uréia protegida; SMRUC – silagem de milho reidratado + uréia comum; SMRUP – silagem de milho reidratado + uréia protegida, em quatro períodos experimentais de 14 dias cada, com quatro animais em cada delineamento experimental. Os consumos de matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB) e de nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) não foram influenciados pelos tratamentos (P&lt;0,05), no entanto houve efeito significativo (P&lt;0,05) para os consumos de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), assim como também para a digestibilidade verdadeira da matéria seca (DVMS) e digestibilidade aparente total da PB (DapPB), da FDN (DapFDN) e FDA (DapFDA). As associações entre silagem de milho reidratado com a ureia comum ou a protegida demonstraram efetivo incremento na qualidade nutricional das dietas SMRUC e SMRUP, pois houve reduções no consumo de FDN e FDA e aumento nas digestibilidade aparente da MS, PB, FDN e FDA, o que possibilitou inferir que houve o sincronismo nutricional para as referidas dietas conforme os referidos parâmetros nutricionais

    Cartografia e diplomacia: usos geopolíticos da informação toponímica (1750-1850)

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    O artigo explora dimensões geopolíticas da toponímia, registradas em documentos cartográficos, desde as reformas empreendidas pelo consulado pombalino em meados do século XVIII, até às primeiras décadas do século XIX, em meio ao processo de afirmação do Estado imperial pós-colonial.This paper explores the geopolitical dimensions of toponymy as registered in cartographic documents dating from the reforms pushed through by the consulate of Marquis of Pombal in the mid 18th century to the early decades of the 19th century, as the post-colonial imperial State established itself
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