Caffeine: A green, natural and biodegradable catalyst for convenient and expedient eco-safe synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo [1,2-b] phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives under solvent-free conditions

1398-1406A green, convenient, highly versatile and solvent-free synthetic route for caffeine catalyzed one-pot multi-component synthesis of biologically active 1H-pyrazolo [1,2-b] phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives via one-pot four-component condensation reaction of phthalimide, hydrazine monohydrate, aryl aldehydes and malononitrile has been studied. The green, natural, biodegradable and inexpensive catalyst, eco-safe reaction, solvent-free conditions, avoidance of hazardous or toxic catalysts, simplicity of operation and work-up procedures with no necessity of chromatographic purification steps, the availability and ease of handling of this solid catalyst and good to high yields are the notable benefits for the highly efficient synthesis of these products

Pectin as a natural biopolymer catalyst promoted green synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives in aqueous ethanol media

405-410A green and one-pot protocol for the facile synthesis of biologically important dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives has been developed. In this method pectin has been utilized as a natural biopolymer catalyst to get quick access to the dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives in aqueous ethanol media and short reaction times. The main advantages of this method are the operational simplicity, reduced reaction time, high yield of the products, avoidance of any hazardous organic solvent, toxic catalyst, tedious purification step, convenient work up procedure and employment of natural, highly efficient and readily available catalyst. All these factors make the present method economical, green and sustainable

Potassium alum as a naturally mineral and economical catalyst for the one-pot, multi-component and clean synthesis of 2-oxo(thio)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines and N-aryl-3-aminodihydropyrrol-2-one-4-carboxylates

An environmental friendly synthetic route for potassium alum catalyzed one-pot multi-component synthesis of biologically active 2-oxo(thio)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines and N--aryl-3-aminodihydropyrrol-2-one-4-carboxylates has developed. The present synthetic route has the notable advantages of natural, mineral, inexpensive and non-toxic catalyst, mild reaction conditions, eco-friendly, one-pot and good to high yield of biological active products. This method is simple for work up and the compound formed filtered and purified just by simple crystallization

1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU): as a highly efficient bicyclic amidine catalyst promoted solvent-free and one-pot synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo [1, 2-b] phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives

1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as a highly efficient bicyclic amidine catalyst promoted one-pot multi-component synthesis of biologically active 1H-pyrazolo [1, 2-b] phthalazine-5, 10-dione derivatives via one-pot four-component condensation reaction of phthalimide, hydrazine monohydrate, aryl aldehydes and malononitrile under solvent-free conditions through simple filter with no necessity of chromatographic purification steps. Use of safe, non-volatile, non-corrosive, highly efficient, readily available and easy to handle of catalyst, one-pot reaction, high yields and short reaction times, economical and convenient synthesis, solvent-free conditions and operational simplicity are among the other added advantages that make this approach an attractive alternative for the synthesis of these biologically active compounds

1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU): as a highly efficient bicyclic amidine catalyst promoted solvent-free and one-pot synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo [1, 2-b] phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives

1234-12421,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as a highly efficient bicyclic amidine catalyst promoted one-pot multi-component synthesis of biologically active 1H-pyrazolo [1, 2-b] phthalazine-5, 10-dione derivatives via one-pot four-component condensation reaction of phthalimide, hydrazine monohydrate, aryl aldehydes and malononitrile under solvent-free conditions through simple filter with no necessity of chromatographic purification steps. Use of safe, non-volatile, non-corrosive, highly efficient, readily available and easy to handle of catalyst, one-pot reaction, high yields and short reaction times, economical and convenient synthesis, solvent-free conditions and operational simplicity are among the other added advantages that make this approach an attractive alternative for the synthesis of these biologically active compounds

An eco-safe and solvent-free approach for clean and one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one/thione derivatives using Zn(OAc)2.2H2O as an environmental friendly, readily and efficient catalyst

An environmental friendly, economical and clean Biginelli approach in presence of readily available zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(OAc)2.2H2O) to access biologically active 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones derivatives via one-pot, three-component reaction of β-keto esters (methyl or ethyl acetoacetate), aromatic aldehyde (benzaldehye derivatives) and urea or thiourea in high to excellent yields has been studied. This solvent-free procedure is sustainable and advantageous compared to conventional methods due to short reaction times, one-pot procedure, easy handling, efficient, environmentally benign nature, low-cost and non-toxic catalyst, eco-friendly, ready availability of starting materials and no requirement of chromatographic purification. The products have been characterized by melting points and 1H NMR spectroscopy

Potassium alum as a naturally mineral and economical catalyst for the one-pot, multi-component and clean synthesis of 2-oxo(thio)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines and N-aryl-3-aminodihydropyrrol-2-one-4-carboxylates

1183-1190An environmental friendly synthetic route for potassium alum catalyzed one-pot multi-component synthesis of biologically active 2-oxo(thio)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines and N--aryl-3-aminodihydropyrrol-2-one-4-carboxylates has developed. The present synthetic route has the notable advantages of natural, mineral, inexpensive and non-toxic catalyst, mild reaction conditions, eco-friendly, one-pot and good to high yield of biological active products. This method is simple for work up and the compound formed filtered and purified just by simple crystallization

An eco-safe and solvent-free approach for clean and one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one/thione derivatives using Zn(OAc)2.2H2O as an environmental friendly, readily and efficient catalyst

1030-1038An environmental friendly, economical and clean Biginelli approach in presence of readily available zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(OAc)2.2H2O) to access biologically active 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones derivatives via one-pot, three-component reaction of β-keto esters (methyl or ethyl acetoacetate), aromatic aldehyde (benzaldehye derivatives) and urea or thiourea in high to excellent yields has been studied. This solvent-free procedure is sustainable and advantageous compared to conventional methods due to short reaction times, one-pot procedure, easy handling, efficient, environmentally benign nature, low-cost and non-toxic catalyst, eco-friendly, ready availability of starting materials and no requirement of chromatographic purification. The products have been characterized by melting points and 1H NMR spectroscopy

Green Synthesis of Polysubstituted Quinolines and Xanthene Derivatives Promoted by Tartaric Acid as a Naturally Green Catalyst under Solvent-free Conditions

This method reported the use of tartaric acid as a green and highly efficient catalyst for the convenient synthesis of polysubstituted quinolines and xanthenes derivatives in excellent yields under solvent-free conditions. The main advantages of this one-pot procedure are the green and economic availability of the catalyst, simple experimental and work-up procedures

3DPAFIPN as a halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer catalyzed gram-scale photosynthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds

Abstract Utilizing the Knoevenagel–Michael tandem cyclocondensation reaction of barbituric acid/1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, malononitrile, and aryl aldehydes, a sustainable methodology for the photosynthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds has been devised. The present study expounds on the development of a green radical synthetic approach toward this class of compounds. In this study, a novel halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer was utilized in an aqueous solution, exposed to air at room temperature, and activated by a blue LED as a renewable energy source for the purpose of generating energy. The primary aim of this endeavor is to employ a recently developed, easily obtainable, and affordably priced halogenated cyanoarene-based donor–acceptor (D–A). The 3DPAFIPN [2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-5-fluoroisophthalonitrile]} photocatalyst, as a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is capable of inducing single electron transfer (SET) upon irradiation with visible light, thereby offering a facile and efficient approach with a high degree of effectiveness, energy efficiency, and eco-friendliness. The aforementioned phenomenon facilitates the exploration of the temporal changes that have occurred in the interactions between the surroundings and chemical constituents. The present study aimed to investigate the turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) for pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that gram-scale cyclization is a viable method for utilization in industrial applications