Effectiveness of prophylaxis treatment in the acute febrile stage of febrile seizure in children under five years old

Abstract Objectives In children suffering from febrile seizure, the likelihood of recurrence seems to be high in the early hours following the first episodes in the absence of proper interventions. The present study was aimed  at assessing and comparing the outcomes of different preventive interventions in the acute stage after febrile seizure in children. Materials & Methods This randomized clinical trial study was performed between September 2015 and September 2016. We enrolled patients aged between 6 and 60 months suffered from febrile seizure and referred to the PediatricEmergency Department at Besat Hospital in Hamadan. The eligible patients were randomly assigned to the following four receive one of the following groups: group 1 (not receiving any anti-seizure drugs), group 2 (receiving a single dose of phenobarbital) on admission, group 3 (receiving a single dose of phenobarbital on admission continued until the fever is resolved), and group 4 (receiving diazepam until the disappearance offever). Results The study population consisted of 248 children. The recurrence rate of seizure in the acute stage was 4.84%. Also, the impact of diazepam and phenobarbital (either as a single dose or as continuous) on the prevention of febrile seizure recurrence in the acute stage has been established. None of the patients had febrile status epilepticus. Conclusion Controlling seizures without prescribing anti-seizure drugs increases the risk for the recurrence of febrile seizure in the acute stage. Different drug regimens for controlling seizure, including diazepam and phenobarbital (as stat or maintenance), may play a similar role in preventing the occurrence of febrile seizur

Calculation of stroke risk in persons above 55 years old without history of stroke who referred to health centers in Hamadan on 2012

Introduction: Cerebrovascular accidents are the third leading cause of mortality and the most important cause of morbidity in adults in the most of the world. Multiple factors such as Socioeconomic, lifestyle, environmental and genetic factors may be the cause of stroke risk differences in our community. This study was designed to evaluate the Stroke Risk Factor in persons above 55 years old without history of Stroke who referred to Health Centers in Hamadan on 2012.Material and Methods: In a Descriptive- Analytical study, 300 person above 55 years without history of stroke who referred to Health centers of Hamadan were selected (randomly),with regarded of inclusion and exclusion criteria and after explaining the research and its purposes, their permission was obtained. Their demographic data (such as age, gender), history of heart disease, hypertension and drug reception for it, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking were filled in questionnaire. One EKG was performed (about the atrial fibrillation and signs of left ventricular hypertrophy).then data were analyzed and average tenth year stroke risk with use the Prof. Donald Smith software (stroke risk calculator) calculated.Results: The mean age, risk factors and systolic blood pressure in men and women were: 68.62±10006y, 2.16±1.33 and 129.05±18.71mmHg. History of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension(HTN), drug reception for HTN, drug reception in persons with history of HTN, SBP≥140mmHg, drug reception in persons with SBP≥140mmHg,Cardiovascular disease, atrial fibrillation(AF ¬¬rhythm) and signs of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)in EKG have frequency: 19066%, 28%, 19%, 42023%, 34%, 29%, 59077%, 20033%, 3033%, 8033% respectively. The mean calculated stroke risk was for tenth year 10071%.This risk was 11074% in men and 9052% in women population.Conclusion: It’s can be concluded that with regard to transition of socioeconomic and community especially aging and international experience of epidemiologic transition, stroke risk factors and consecutive stroke risk in Hamadan as a small sample of a developing country are rapidly increasing . Its hope that experiences obtained in developed countries applied in preventive programs and healthy planning

Comparing Prophylactic Effect of Levetiracetam, Sodium Valproate, and Propranolol in Pediatric Migraine: A Randomized Clinical Trial

ObjectivesEpidemiologic studies point to an increased prevalence of migraine in children in recent decades. Migraine treatment involves acute and prophylactic therapy. Recently, such anti-epileptic drugs asLevetiracetam have been used to treat adult migraines. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of Levetiracetam, Sodium Valproate, and Propranolol in preventing migraine headaches in children.Material & MethodsIn this clinical trial, children with migraine were randomly divided into three groups. Each group consisted of 13 children. Two groups were treated with Propranolol and Sodium Valproate, respectively. Another group (the case) was treated with Levetiracetam. The patients were assessed based on headache score, PedMIDAS, and headache frequency before and three months after the intervention. Finally, the data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods ResultsLevetiracetam significantly reduced the headache severity (P=0.026), frequency (P=0.024), and PedMIDAS score (P=0.001) in children with migraine. However, no significant difference was found between the three groups. The percentage of patients who experienced pain relief was detected as 69.24%, 92.31%, and 30.76% in the Propranolol, Sodium Valproate, and Levetiracetam groups, respectively. ConclusionThis study concluded that Levetiracetam can be used as a migraine prophylaxis drug in children

In patients suffering from major depressive disorders, quantitative EEG showed favorable changes in left and right prefrontal cortex

Patients suffering from major depressive disorders (MDD) report anhedonia, low concentration and lack of goal-oriented behavior. Data from imaging and quantitative EEG (QEEG) studies show an asymmetry in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), with lower left as compared to right PFC-activity, associated with specific depression-related behavior. Cordance is a QEEG measurement, which combines absolute and relative power of EEG-spectra with strong correlations with regional perfusion. The aim of the present study was to investigate to what extent a four weeks lasting treatment with a standard SSRI had an influence on neuronal activation and MDD-related symptoms.; Twenty patients suffering from severe MDD were treated with citalopram (40mg) for four consecutive weeks. At baseline and at the end of the treatment, patients underwent QEEG. Experts rated the degree of depression with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).; Over time, theta cordance increased over right ventromedial and left dorsolateral PFC, whereas alpha cordance decreased over dorsolateral PFC. Improvement in MDD-related symptoms was higher in patients showing decreased EEG theta cordance over right dorsal PFC and increased EEG alpha cordance over left dorsolateral PFC.; In patients suffering from MDD, treatment response was associated with favorable changes in neuronal activity