Multiple-photon Peak Generation Near The 10 M Range In Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors

We present results from simulations of the photocurrent observed in recently fabricated InAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors that respond with strong resonance peaks in the ∼ 10 m wavelength range. The results are in good agreement with experimental data generated earlier. Multiphoton scattering of electrons localized in the quantum dots are not only in accordance with the observed patterns, but are also necessary to explain the photocurrent spectrum obtained in the calculations. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.1096Martyniuk, P., Rogalski, A., (2008) Prog. Quantum Electron., 32, p. 89. , For a recent review, see, 10.1016/j.pquantelec.2008.07.001Chakrabarti, S., Stiff-Roberts, A.D., Su, X.H., Bhattacharya, P., Ariyawansa, G., Perera, A.G.U., High-performance mid-infrared quantum dot infrared photodetectors (2005) Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 38 (13), pp. 2135-2141. , DOI 10.1088/0022-3727/38/13/009, PII S002237270592069XLim, H., Zhang, W., Tsao, S., Sills, T., Szafraniec, J., Mi, K., Movaghar, B., Razeghi, M., Quantum dot infrared photodetectors: Comparison of experiment and theory (2005) Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 72 (8), p. 085332. , http://oai.aps.org/oai/?verb=ListRecords&metadataPrefix= oai_apsmeta_2&set=journal:PRB:72, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.085332Razeghi, M., Lim, H., Tsao, S., Szafraniec, J., Zhang, W., Mi, K., Movaghar, B., Transport and photodetection in self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots (2005) Nanotechnology, 16 (2), pp. 219-229. , DOI 10.1088/0957-4484/16/2/007Pal, D., Towe, E., (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett., 88, p. 153109. , 10.1063/1.2193466Bhattacharya, P., Su, X.H., Chakrabarti, S., Ariyawansa, G., Perera, A.G.U., Characteristics of a tunneling quantum-dot infrared photodetector operating at room temperature (2005) Applied Physics Letters, 86 (19), pp. 1-3. , DOI 10.1063/1.1923766, 191106Dupont, E., Corkum, P., Liu, H.C., Wilson, P.H., Buchanan, M., Wasilewski, Z.R., (1994) Appl. Phys. Lett., 65, p. 1560. , 10.1063/1.113004Maier, T., Schneider, H., Walther, M., Koidl, P., Liu, H.C., (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett., 84, p. 5162. , 10.1063/1.1763978Jiang, J., Fu, Y., Li, N., Chen, X.S., Zhen, H.L., Lu, W., Wang, M.K., Li, Y.G., (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett., 85, p. 3614. , 10.1063/1.1781732Aivaliotis, P., Zibik, E.A., Wilson, L.R., Cockburn, J.W., Hopkinson, M., Vinh, N.Q., (2008) Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, p. 023501. , 10.1063/1.2833691Sirtori, C., Capasso, F., Sivco, D.L., Cho, A.Y., (1992) Appl. Phys. Lett., 60, p. 2678. , 10.1063/1.106893Souza, P.L., Lopes, A.J., Gebhard, T., Unterrainer, K., Pires, M.P., Villas-Boas, J.M., Vieira, G.S., Studart, N., Quantum dot structures grown on Al containing quaternary material for infrared photodetection beyond 10 μm (2007) Applied Physics Letters, 90 (17), p. 173510. , DOI 10.1063/1.2733603Gebhard, T., Alvarenga, D., Souza, P.L., Guimares, P.S.S., Unterrainer, K., Pires, M.P., Vieira, G.S., Villas-Boas, J.M., (2008) Applied Phys. Lett., 93, p. 052103. , 10.1063/1.2965804Pryor, C.E., Pistol, M.-E., Band-edge diagrams for strained III-V semiconductor quantum wells, wires, and dots (2005) Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 72 (20), pp. 1-11. , http://oai.aps.org/oai/?verb=ListRecords&metadataPrefix= oai_apsmeta_2&set=journal:PRB:72, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.205311, 205311Degani, M.H., Maialle, M.Z., (2010) J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci., 7, p. 454. , 10.1166/jctn.2010.1380Feit, M.D., Fleck Jr., J.A., Steiger, A., (1982) J. Comput. Phys., 47, p. 412. , 10.1016/0021-9991(82)90091-2Degani, M.H., (1991) Appl. Phys. Lett., 59, p. 57(2002) Phys. Rev. B, 66, p. 23306. , 10.1063/1.105521Maialle, M.Z., Degani, M.H., Madureira, J.R., Farinas, P.F., (2009) J. Appl. Phys., 106, p. 123703. , 10.1063/1.3270263Fano, U., Cooper, J.W., (1968) Rev. Mod. Phys., 40, p. 441. , 10.1103/RevModPhys.40.441Tsolakidis, A., Snchez-Portal, D., Martin, R.M., (2002) Phys. Rev. B, 66, p. 235416. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.23541

Conservation Of Spin Current As A Consequence Of A 2d Fermi Surface

The possible existence of a previously unseen conservation in the theory of Fermi liquids is proposed for a two-dimensional geometry. If the ground state can be described by a smooth curve in momentum space then one expects spin current to be conserved, as it is not the case in three dimensions. Some immediate consequences that can be checked experimentally are pointed out.28001/04/159394Farinas, P.F., Bedell, K.S., Studart, N., (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 82, p. 385

Infrared Photocurrent With One- And Two-photon Absorptions In A Double-barrier Quantum Well System

We present a theoretical investigation of a double-barrier quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP) having two-color selectivity. The quantum well is placed between a pair of potential barriers in order to increase selectivity through modulation of the continuum states. This also leads to a potential decrease in the dark current. Calculations are carried in the effective-mass approximation using a single-electron hamiltonian. The approach used to obtain the photocurrent yields the observation of single as well as many-photon transitions in a unified manner, by naturally accounting for real and virtual processes through intermediate states that take part in the generation of photocurrent. The two-color selectivity of the calculated photocurrent spectra comes from both one- and two-photon transitions. The performance of the system studied is compared to the results for the isolated quantum well and the advantages of the double barrier are pointed out. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.11010Levine, B.F., (1993) J. Appl. Phys., 74 (8), p. 1. , 10.1063/1.354252Khurgin, J., Li, S., (1993) Appl. Phys. Lett., 62, p. 126. , 10.1063/1.109346Li, S., Khurgin, J., (1993) J. Appl. Phys., 73, p. 4367. , 10.1063/1.352822Liu, H.C., Dupont, E., Ershov, M., Nonlinear quantum well infrared photodetector (2002) Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics and Materials, 11 (4), pp. 433-443. , DOI 10.1142/S0218863502001152Zavriyev, A., Dupont, E., Corkum, P.B., Liu, H.C., Biglov, Z., (1995) Opt. Lett., 20, p. 1885. , 10.1364/OL.20.001886Dupont, E., Corkum, P., Liu, H.C., Wilson, P.H., Buchanan, M., Wasilewski, Z.R., (1994) Appl. Phys. Lett., 65, p. 1560. , 10.1063/1.113004Maier, T., Schneider, H., Walther, M., Koidl, P., Liu, H.C., (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett., 84, p. 5162. , 10.1063/1.1763978Degani, M.H., Maialle, M.Z., Farinas, P.F., Studart, N., Pires, M.P., De Souza, P.L., (2011) J. Appl. Phys., 109, p. 064510. , 10.1063/1.3556432Kiledjian, M.S., Schulman, J.N., Wang, K.L., (1991) Phys. Rev. B, 44, p. 5616. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.44.5616Lee, H.J., Jurovel, L.Y., Wolley, J.C., Springthorpe, A.J., (1980) Phys. Rev. B, 21, p. 659. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.21.659Degani, M.H., Maialle, M.Z., (2010) J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci., 7, p. 454. , 10.1166/jctn.2010.1380Neuhasuer, D., Baer, M., (1989) J. Chem. Phys., 90, p. 4351. , 2180 (2005). 10.1063/1.456646Vibk, ., Balint-Kurti, G.G., (1992) J. Phys. Chem., 96, p. 8712. , 10.1021/j100201a01

Towards The Detection Of A New Ferromagnetic Spin-wave Mode

We carry a theoretical study of an electron-spin-resonance setup aimed at finding a massive magnon in ferromagnets. We present the transmitted, patterns expected for small, moments. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. AU rights reserved.226-230PART I490491Halperin, B.I., Hohenberg, P.C., (1969) Phys. Rev., 188, p. 898Moser, M., Prets, A., Spitzer, W.L., (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, p. 3542Bedell, K.S., Blagoev, K.B., Phylos. Mag. Lett., , cond-mat0003187 v2 submitted for publicationAbrikosov, A.A., Dzyaloshinskii, I.E., (1959) Sov. Phys. JETP, 35, p. 535Abrikosov, A.A., (1986) Theory of Metals, , Plenum Press, New YorkSchultz, S., Dunifer, G., (1967) Phys. Rev. Lett., 18, p. 283Platzman, P.M., Wolff, P.A., (1967) Phys. Rev. Lett., 18, p. 28

From Membrane Pores to Aquaporins: 50 Years Measuring Water Fluxes

This review focuses on studies of water movement across biological membranes performed over the last 50 years. Different scientific approaches had tried to elucidate such intriguing mechanism, from hypotheses emphasizing the role of the lipid bilayer to the cloning of aquaporins, the ubiquitous proteins described as specific water channels. Pioneering and clarifying biophysical work are reviewed beside results obtained with the help of recent sophisticated techniques, to conclude that great advances in the subject live together with old questions without definitive answers