Sistema mecatrónico de estimulación del tunel del carpo posterior

La presente invención se relaciona con un sistema para la estimulación física del túnel del carpo posterior, mediante el ejercitamiento físico del túnel, al mismo tiempo que se proporciona calor a la zona del antebrazo.Salu

Sistema mecatrónico de estimulación del tunel del carpo anterior

La presente invención se relaciona con un sistema para la estimulación física del túnel del carpo en la zona anterior, mediante el ejercitamiento físico del túnel, al mismo tiempo que se proporciona calor en tres zonas del antebrazo y en la palma de la mano.Salu

Presentazione

Il secondo numero della rivista Phrasis accoglie contributi da parte di studiosi di fraseologia e di paremiologia che osservano le due discipline da differenti angolazioni testimoniando la loro centralità in ambito linguistico-culturale. Tali studi non sono isolati e astratti, ma percorrono strade diverse talvolta incrociandosi, talvolta semplicemente scrutandosi da lontano, nell’intento di raggiungere lo stesso obiettivo. Le lingue e le culture diventano il campo di studio della fraseologia e della paremiologia e dalle quali si possono estrapolare espressioni linguistiche che fanno parte della nostra quotidianità. Con questo numero si intende, pertanto, proseguire negli intenti e nelle finalità che Phrasis si è prefissata sin dall'inizio della sua costituzione

Impacto de la educación en economía solidaria sobre acciones solidarias de egresados de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Pasto

Introduction: This article presents the research project entitled “Impact of Solidarity Economy Education on Solidarity Actions by Alumni of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Dental School in Pasto” which was completed in 2011 by the Dental Research Group (Grupo de Investigaciónes en Odontología, giod) at the Pasto campus of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Methods: A cohort of dentists from that university was compared with other Dental School alumni from 2002 to 2010. Information on dentists’ demographic and socio-economic variables, leadership skills, participation in solidarity economy organizations and enterprise creation was obtained by a self-administered questionnaire. The statistical analyses were performed using spss 17 version. Results: This study shows that there were no statistical differences between the two cohorts according to demographic and socio-economic variables. 7.7% had leadership skills. The entire cohort pointed to meaning (21.2%) and membership (20.2%) as principal Personal Leadership Scale components. 66.7% of dentists graduated from our university participated in solidarity economy organizations, while a similar percentage of alumni from other dental schools were involved in enterprise creation. Conclusions: The results of this research indicate that it is imperative that this university design strategies to increase leadership skills and improve solidarity economy courses in the odontology curriculum.  Introducción: este artículo es el resultado del proyecto de investigación “Impacto de la educación en Economía Solidaria sobre acciones solidarias de egresados de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Pasto” terminado en el 2011 por el Grupo de Investigaciones en Odontología (giod) de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Pasto. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de los cursos de economía solidaria sobre las acciones solidarias de egresados de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Pasto. Métodos: una cohorte de odontólogos de la Universidad fue comparada con egresados de otras facultades de odontología del 2002 al 2010. Información sobre variables demográficas y socioeconómicas, habilidades de liderazgo, participación en organizaciones de economía solidaria y creación de empresas de odontólogos fue obtenida de un cuestionario autodiligenciado. Los análisis estadísticos fueron realizados usando spss versión 17. Resultados: este estudio muestra que no existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las dos cohortes de acuerdo con variables demográficas y socioeconómicas. El 7,7% tenía habilidades de liderazgo. La cohorte completa presentó significado (21,2%) y membresía (20,2%) como principales componentes de la Personal Leadership Scale. El 66,7% de odontólogos graduados de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia participaron en organizaciones de economía solidaria, mientras un porcentaje similar de egresados de otras facultades de odontología se involucraron en formación de empresa. Conclusiones: los resultados de esta investigación indican que es imperativo que la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia diseñe estrategias para incrementar habilidades de liderazgo y mejore los cursos de economía solidaria en el currículo de odontología

Preguntas orientadoras para la síntesis de catalizadores y su uso en reacciones de oxidación catalítica selectiva

En el presente documento se presenta una breve historia de la catálisis, así como de los procesos de oxidación selectiva de hidrocarburos. Por otra parte, se mencionan los conceptos básicos involucrados en la catálisis heterogénea haciendo énfasis en el papel de los materiales catalíticos en procesos químicos de oxidación y planteando una serie de preguntas orientadoras que se deben seguir al momento de abordar un proceso catalizado por materiales sólidos. De la misma manera, se muestra los métodos de síntesis de catalizadores denominados en la literatura como sol-gel e impregnación, identificando la influencia de cada etapa de preparación con las propiedades físicas y químicas de los materiales. Finalmente, se presenta un caso de estudio aplicado a la oxidación catalítica selectiva de metano y metanol empleando materiales catalíticos de hierro, molibdeno y vanadio sintetizados por el método sol-gel.This document presents a brief history of catalysis, as well as of the selective oxidation processes of hydrocarbons. On the other hand, the basic concepts involved in heterogeneous catalysis are addressed, emphasizing the role of catalytic materials in chemical oxidation processes and posing a series of guiding questions that must be followed when addressing a process catalyzed by solid materials. In the same way, the preparation methods known in the literature as sol-gel and impregnation are shown, identifying the influence of each preparation step with the physical and chemical properties of the materials. Finally, a case study applied to the selective catalytic oxidation of methane and methanol using iron, molybdenum, and vanadium catalytic materials synthesized by the sol-gel method is presented

Transcriptomic and functional analyses of mitochondrial dysfunction in pressure overload-induced right ventricular failure

Background In complex congenital heart disease patients such as those with tetralogy of Fallot, the right ventricle (RV) is subject to pressure overload, leading to RV hypertrophy and eventually RV failure. The mechanisms that promote the transition from stable RV hypertrophy to RV failure are unknown. We evaluated the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics in the development of RV failure. Methods and Results We created a murine model of RV pressure overload by pulmonary artery banding and compared with sham-operated controls. Gene expression by RNA-sequencing, oxidative stress, mitochondrial respiration, dynamics, and structure were assessed in pressure overload-induced RV failure. RV failure was characterized by decreased expression of electron transport chain genes and mitochondrial antioxidant genes (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and superoxide dismutase 2) and increased expression of oxidant stress markers (heme oxygenase, 4-hydroxynonenal). The activities of all electron transport chain complexes decreased with RV hypertrophy and further with RV failure (oxidative phosphorylation: sham 552.3±43.07 versus RV hypertrophy 334.3±30.65 versus RV failure 165.4±36.72 pmol/(s×mL)

Nat1 Deficiency Is Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Exercise Intolerance in Mice

SummaryWe recently identified human N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) as an insulin resistance (IR) gene. Here, we examine the cellular mechanism linking NAT2 to IR and find that Nat1 (mouse ortholog of NAT2) is co-regulated with key mitochondrial genes. RNAi-mediated silencing of Nat1 led to mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by increased intracellular reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial fragmentation as well as decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, biogenesis, mass, cellular respiration, and ATP generation. These effects were consistent in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, C2C12 myoblasts, and in tissues from Nat1-deficient mice, including white adipose tissue, heart, and skeletal muscle. Nat1-deficient mice had changes in plasma metabolites and lipids consistent with a decreased ability to utilize fats for energy and a decrease in basal metabolic rate and exercise capacity without altered thermogenesis. Collectively, our results suggest that Nat1 deficiency results in mitochondrial dysfunction, which may constitute a mechanistic link between this gene and IR

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy β-Cardiac Myosin Mutation (P710R) Leads to Hypercontractility by Disrupting Super Relaxed State

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited form of heart disease, associated with over 1,000 mutations, many in β-cardiac myosin (MYH7). Molecular studies of myosin with different HCM mutations have revealed a diversity of effects on ATPase and load-sensitive rate of detachment from actin. It has been difficult to predict how such diverse molecular effects combine to influence forces at the cellular level and further influence cellular phenotypes. This study focused on the P710R mutation that dramatically decreased in vitro motility velocity and actin-activated ATPase, in contrast to other MYH7 mutations. Optical trap measurements of single myosin molecules revealed that this mutation reduced the step size of the myosin motor and the load sensitivity of the actin detachment rate. Conversely, this mutation destabilized the super relaxed state in longer, two-headed myosin constructs, freeing more heads to generate force. Micropatterned human induced pluripotent derived stem cell (hiPSC)–cardiomyocytes CRISPR-edited with the P710R mutation produced significantly increased force (measured by traction force microscopy) compared with isogenic control cells. The P710R mutation also caused cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cytoskeletal remodeling as measured by immunostaining and electron microscopy. Cellular hypertrophy was prevented in the P710R cells by inhibition of ERK or Akt. Finally, we used a computational model that integrated the measured molecular changes to predict the measured traction forces. These results confirm a key role for regulation of the super relaxed state in driving hypercontractility in HCM with the P710R mutation and demonstrate the value of a multiscale approach in revealing key mechanisms of disease

Balanced gene losses, duplications and intensive rearrangements led to an unusual regularly sized genome in Arbutus unedo chloroplasts

Completely sequenced plastomes provide a valuable source of information about the duplication, loss, and transfer events of chloroplast genes and phylogenetic data for resolving relationships among major groups of plants. Moreover, they can also be useful for exploiting chloroplast genetic engineering technology. Ericales account for approximately six per cent of eudicot diversity with 11,545 species from which only three complete plastome sequences are currently available. With the aim of increasing the number of ericalean complete plastome sequences, and to open new perspectives in understanding Mediterranean plant adaptations, a genomic study on the basis of the complete chloroplast genome sequencing of Arbutus unedo and an updated phylogenomic analysis of Asteridae was implemented. The chloroplast genome of A. unedo shows extensive rearrangements but a medium size (150,897 nt) in comparison to most of angiosperms. A number of remarkable distinct features characterize the plastome of A. unedo: five-fold dismissing of the SSC region in relation to most angiosperms; complete loss or pseudogenization of a number of essential genes; duplication of the ndhH-D operon and its location within the two IRs; presence of large tandem repeats located near highly re-arranged regions and pseudogenes. All these features outline the primary evolutionary split between Ericaceae and other ericalean families. The newly sequenced plastome of A. unedo with the available asterid sequences allowed the resolution of some uncertainties in previous phylogenies of Asteridae