Motivational Factors Influencing on Job Satisfaction: A Case Study on Private Commercial Banking Sector in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Now a day, bank is a more attractive and profitable business organization in Bangladesh. For the past few decades, numerous studies attempted to explore the relative importance of understanding job satisfaction. Realizing the need to sustain in the banking industry, this study was conducted for exploring the antecedents to the strengthening of job satisfaction. This report is designed for identifying the “Motivational factors influencing on job satisfaction: A case study on private banking sector in Bangladesh.” It is a descriptive study based on the primary and secondary data. Five Private Commercial Banks namely NRBC Bank Ltd. (8 respondent), NCC Bank Ltd. (8 respondent), One Bank Ltd. (8 respondent), Mercantile Bank Ltd. (8 respondent), Islami Bank Ltd. (8 respondent) are considered to conduct the study. 40 sample sizes are dispersed to collect the data, for the consequence of the study researcher considered some factors. Moreover, those factors are taken under the close ended questionnaire and find out the data from sample and to analyze the quantitative data, the researcher explored the internal structure and measurement by using percentage format and tabulation form. Researcher has used five likert scales for rating employee’s job satisfaction. Then researcher has calculated the percentage of each question answer and find out the result. Aggregately 47% of the employees are highly satisfied and it is the highest portion of employees on the level of job satisfaction. Very dissatisfied portion is lowest. Therefore, it can say that most of the private commercial bank employees are satisfied on their job. After considering above factors researcher identify that Salary structure, Management policy and Job environment  are motivated private bank employees more than other factors and researcher recommend that private bank authority should be more concentration on the above factors those make their employee more satisfied towards their job and reduce the tendency of  switching over. Keywords: Motivational factors, job satisfaction, Salary, reward system, promotion and job environment

Topical nanoemulsion of turmeric oil for psoriasis: characterization, ex vivo and in vivo assessment

Psoriasis is a chronic; T lymphocyte mediated autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by well-defined erythematous (reddish) plaques with large adherent silvery scales that affects the skin and other parts of the body. The essential oil in turmeric is anti-inflammatory and effective in treating chronic disorders like psoriasis that have inflammation as a root symptom. Nanoemulsions are isotropic, thermodynamically stable transparent (or translucent) systems of oil, water, surfactant and co-surfactant with a droplet size usually in the range of 20–200 nm. Their long-term stability and ease of preparation (spontaneous emulsification) make it promising tool for drug delivery. The aim of this study was to obtain nanoemulsions of turmeric oil for psoriasis and to evaluate their physical stability, irritation potential and in vivo inflammatory activity. For the preparation of nanoemulsion titration method was used which was composed of 15% turmeric oil, 42 % Smix (1:1) and 43 % distilled water. The nanoemulsion was stable during the period of study and was found to be practically non-irritating in the organotypic HET-CAM model. The anti inflammatory activity of optimized nonoemulsion was carried out by carragennen induced paw edema and found to be 70.35 % inhibition

Bengali Fake Review Detection using Semi-supervised Generative Adversarial Networks

This paper investigates the potential of semi-supervised Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to fine-tune pretrained language models in order to classify Bengali fake reviews from real reviews with a few annotated data. With the rise of social media and e-commerce, the ability to detect fake or deceptive reviews is becoming increasingly important in order to protect consumers from being misled by false information. Any machine learning model will have trouble identifying a fake review, especially for a low resource language like Bengali. We have demonstrated that the proposed semi-supervised GAN-LM architecture (generative adversarial network on top of a pretrained language model) is a viable solution in classifying Bengali fake reviews as the experimental results suggest that even with only 1024 annotated samples, BanglaBERT with semi-supervised GAN (SSGAN) achieved an accuracy of 83.59% and a f1-score of 84.89% outperforming other pretrained language models - BanglaBERT generator, Bangla BERT Base and Bangla-Electra by almost 3%, 4% and 10% respectively in terms of accuracy. The experiments were conducted on a manually labeled food review dataset consisting of total 6014 real and fake reviews collected from various social media groups. Researchers that are experiencing difficulty recognizing not just fake reviews but other classification issues owing to a lack of labeled data may find a solution in our proposed methodology

Design, development and evaluation of immediate release gliclazide tablets

The aim of the current study was the design, development and optimization of oral immediate release solid dosage forms of gliclazide tablets, intended for rapid action within 30 min, formulated and optimized by in vitro drug release method comparing with reference tablet Diamicron (Servier Lab.). For fast breakdown and rapid dissolution of tablets three different disintegrants (sodium starch glycolate, kollidone CL, and dried maize starch) were used with same percentage (2 %) in the formulations; sodium starch glycolate provide very fast release of gliclazide from tablets in pH 7.4. Two different compression methods, direct compression and wet granulation, were employed in the study. The in vitro drug release profile was better for directly compressed gliclazide tablets, but the flow properties of gliclazide were very poor, which causes high weight variation. Wet granulation method provided tablets of good physical parameters: two types of tablets with different hardness (8-10 kg/cm2 and 5-7 kg/cm2 ) were prepared to observe the effect of compressional forces on drug dissolution and the later one exhibits short disintegration time and rapid dissolution of gliclazide. Friability and weight variation were found within the acceptable range. Incorporation of anionic surfactant in combination with sodium starch glycolate or kollidone CL in the formulation the dissolution rate. In comparison with reference tablet, formulation containing 2 % sodium starch glycolate and 1 % sodium lauryl sulphate with other excipients as lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone K-30, Mg stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide provide better dissolution. Shelf life of the formulated tablets were determined by utilizing stress condition (40 °C and 75 % Relative humidity for 3 months) and found more than 2.5 year in room condition.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Design, development and evaluation of immediate release gliclazide tablets

The aim of the current study was the design, development and optimization of oral immediate release solid dosage forms of gliclazide tablets, intended for rapid action within 30 min, formulated and optimized by in vitro drug release method comparing with reference tablet Diamicron (Servier Lab.). For fast breakdown and rapid dissolution of tablets three different disintegrants (sodium starch glycolate, kollidone CL, and dried maize starch) were used with same percentage (2 %) in the formulations; sodium starch glycolate provide very fast release of gliclazide from tablets in pH 7.4. Two different compression methods, direct compression and wet granulation, were employed in the study. The in vitro drug release profile was better for directly compressed gliclazide tablets, but the flow properties of gliclazide were very poor, which causes high weight variation. Wet granulation method provided tablets of good physical parameters: two types of tablets with different hardness (8-10 kg/cm2 and 5-7 kg/cm2 ) were prepared to observe the effect of compressional forces on drug dissolution and the later one exhibits short disintegration time and rapid dissolution of gliclazide. Friability and weight variation were found within the acceptable range. Incorporation of anionic surfactant in combination with sodium starch glycolate or kollidone CL in the formulation the dissolution rate. In comparison with reference tablet, formulation containing 2 % sodium starch glycolate and 1 % sodium lauryl sulphate with other excipients as lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone K-30, Mg stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide provide better dissolution. Shelf life of the formulated tablets were determined by utilizing stress condition (40 °C and 75 % Relative humidity for 3 months) and found more than 2.5 year in room condition.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Microbiology of chronic suppurative otitis media: an update from a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh

Objectives: Chronic suppurative otitis media is a major cause of acquired hearing impairment, especially in children of developing countries. The study sought to explore the bacteriological profile and their antimicrobial susceptibility among patients of chronic suppurative otitis media from a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross sectional microbiological study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, Rajshahi Medical College, Bangladesh from January to December 2019. Aural swabs were collected aseptically from clinically suspected patients irrespective of age and gender attending the ear, nose and throat outpatient department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. Aerobic bacterial culture was done and isolates were identified through standard bacteriological identification scheme. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates was done by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: Of 96 swabs, culture yielded a total of 73 bacterial isolates from 68(70.8%) culture-positive plates including 63 (65.6%) unimicrobial and 5 (5.2%) polymicrobial (mixed growth of a pair of bacteria) growths. Frequency distribution revealed, 40(55%) gram-negative and 33(45%) gram-positive bacteria with Staphylococcus aureus was the leading isolate (37%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31.5%), Escherichia coli (13.7%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (8.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.5%) and Proteus spp. (4.1%). Gram-positive bacteria were found to be highly susceptible (100%) to Linezolid and Vancomycin followed by Imipenem (83 to 96.3%), while moderate to high resistance (44 to 67%) was observed against Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Amoxicillin/Clavulanate and Clindamycin. For gram-negative bacteria, susceptibility ranged from 67 to 100% to Imipenem, 67 to 96% to Piperacillin/ Tazobactam and 67 to 83% to Gentamicin, while moderate to high resistance (50 to 75%) was observed against Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime and Amoxicillin/Clavulanate. Conclusion: Moderate to high level of multidrug-resistance especially to 3rd generation cephalosporins, Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin/Clavulanate is an alarming situation. It warns reinforcement of judicious antibiotic prescription and introduction of antibiotic stewardship program in the tertiary care hospitals

Impact of transformational leadership, human capital, and job satisfaction on organizational performance in the manufacturing industry

This study aims to examine the factors that affect organizational performance in the manufacturing industry of Bangladesh. This study identifies transformational leadership, human capital, and job satisfaction as significant determinants of organizational performance. The analysis focused on the employees of diverse manufacturing organizations in Bangladesh treated as the targeted population. The data collection was conducted using a survey methodology, wherein a questionnaire was distributed to the participants via postal mail along with a cover letter to enhance comprehension. The ultimate sample consisted of 294 participants, obtained from a pool of 400 individuals who were sent survey questionnaires. The response rate for the survey was 73.5%. Furthermore, a significance level of 5% was employed to assess the hypotheses, and the data pertaining to the research objective of this study were analyzed using SPSS software. The study results indicate that organizational performance is significantly influenced by transformational leadership, human capital, and job satisfaction. These three independent variables explain (R2) 59.6% variance in organizational performance. It is also found that transformational leadership (β-value = 0.443) has the highest impact on the organizational performance of manufacturing firms. This study provides implications for organizational management to improve long-term organizational performance

Design, development and evaluation of immediate release gliclazide tablets

The aim of the current study was the design, development and optimization of oral immediate release solid dosage forms of gliclazide tablets, intended for rapid action within 30 min, formulated and optimized by in vitro drug release method comparing with reference tablet Diamicron (Servier Lab.). For fast breakdown and rapid dissolution of tablets three different disintegrants (sodium starch glycolate, kollidone CL, and dried maize starch) were used with same percentage (2 %) in the formulations; sodium starch glycolate provide very fast release of gliclazide from tablets in pH 7.4. Two different compression methods, direct compression and wet granulation, were employed in the study. The in vitro drug release profile was better for directly compressed gliclazide tablets, but the flow properties of gliclazide were very poor, which causes high weight variation. Wet granulation method provided tablets of good physical parameters: two types of tablets with different hardness (8-10 kg/cm2 and 5-7 kg/cm2 ) were prepared to observe the effect of compressional forces on drug dissolution and the later one exhibits short disintegration time and rapid dissolution of gliclazide. Friability and weight variation were found within the acceptable range. Incorporation of anionic surfactant in combination with sodium starch glycolate or kollidone CL in the formulation the dissolution rate. In comparison with reference tablet, formulation containing 2 % sodium starch glycolate and 1 % sodium lauryl sulphate with other excipients as lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone K-30, Mg stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide provide better dissolution. Shelf life of the formulated tablets were determined by utilizing stress condition (40 °C and 75 % Relative humidity for 3 months) and found more than 2.5 year in room condition.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire