61 research outputs found
Primary Polyomavirus Infection, Not Reactivation, as the Cause of Trichodysplasia Spinulosa in Immunocompromised Patients
Classic human polyomaviruses (JC and BK viruses) become pathogenic when reactivating from latency. For the rare skin disease trichodysplasia spinulosa, we show that manifestations of the causative polyomavirus (TSPyV) occur during primary infection of the immunosuppressed host. High TSPyV loads in blood and cerebrospinal fluid, sometimes coinciding with cerebral lesions and neuroendocrine symptoms, marked the acute phase of trichodysplasia spinulosa, whereas initiation and maturation of TSPyV seroresponses occurred in the convalescent phase. TSPyV genomes lacked the rearrangements typical for reactivating polyomaviruses. These findings demonstrate the clinical importance of primary infection with this rapidly expanding group of human viruses and explain the rarity of some novel polyomavirus-associated diseases.Peer reviewe
-duality in Vafa-Witten theory for non-simply laced gauge groups
Vafa-Witten theory is a twisted N=4 supersymmetric gauge theory whose
partition functions are the generating functions of the Euler number of
instanton moduli spaces. In this paper, we recall quantum gauge theory with
discrete electric and magnetic fluxes and review the main results of
Vafa-Witten theory when the gauge group is simply laced. Based on the
transformations of theta functions and their appearance in the blow-up
formulae, we propose explicit transformations of the partition functions under
the Hecke group when the gauge group is non-simply laced. We provide various
evidences and consistency checks.Comment: 14 page
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