IMPLEMENTASI CHALLENGE RESPONSE AUTHENTICATION MECHANISM (CRAM) UNTUK KEAMANAN TRANSAKSI PERANGKAT IoT

This research aims to secure data transaction in Internet of Things (IoT)devices using the challenge-response authentication mechanism (CRAM). The research choose uses ESP 8266 and ESP 32 to develop the system for their ability to run micropython programming language. Using a random challenge to grant authentication protects the system from replay attack from intruders. In each authentication process, the client receives a 10 digit random number to be encrypted using a shared key and sent back to the server. The server then checks if the client posses the correct key by decrypting the encrypted challenge using the same shared key. Access is granted if the decryption result is equal to the original challenge

Pollination benefits are maximized at intermediate nutrient levels

Yield production in flowering crops depends on both nutrient availability and pollination, but their relative roles and potential interactions are poorly understood. We measured pollination benefits to yield in sunflower, combining a gradient in insect pollination (0, 25, 50, 100%) with a continuous gradient in nitrogen (N) fertilization (from 0 to 150 kg N ha-1) in an experiment under realistic soil field conditions. We found that pollination benefits to yield were maximized at intermediate levels of N availability, bolstering yield by approximately 25% compared with complete pollinator exclusion. Interestingly, we found little decrease in yield when insect visits were reduced by 50%, indicating that the incremental contribution of pollination by insects to yield is greater when the baseline pollination service provision is very low. Our findings provide strong evidence for interactive, nonlinear effects of pollination and resource availability on seed production. Our results support ecological intensification as a promising strategy for sustainable management of agroecosystems. In particular, we found optimal level of pollination to potentially compensate for lower N applications

Pollination benefits are maximized at intermediate nutrient levels

none3noYield production in flowering crops depends on both nutrient availability and pollination, but their relative roles and potential interactions are poorly understood. We measured pollination benefits to yield in sunflower, combining a gradient in insect pollination (0, 25, 50, 100%) with a continuous gradient in nitrogen (N) fertilization (from 0 to 150 kg N ha−1) in an experiment under realistic soil field conditions. We found that pollination benefits to yield were maximized at intermediate levels of N availability, bolstering yield by approximately 25% compared with complete pollinator exclusion. Interestingly, we found little decrease in yield when insect visits were reduced by 50%, indicating that the incremental contribution of pollination by insects to yield is greater when the baseline pollination service provision is very low. Our findings provide strong evidence for interactive, nonlinear effects of pollination and resource availability on seed production. Our results support ecological intensification as a promising strategy for sustainable management of agroecosystems. In particular, we found optimal level of pollination to potentially compensate for lower N applications.mixedTamburini, Giovanni; Lami, Francesco; Marini, LorenzoTamburini, Giovanni; Lami, Francesco; Marini, Lorenz

How to revitalise a historic district: A stakeholders-oriented assessment framework of adaptive reuse

This research proposes an application of a MultiCriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) in the adaptive reuse framework, which is able to structure the complex decision process required for the effective reuse of an historic district. Nowadays, many cities are facing an economic, financial, social and urban decline. This is particularly true when thinking about historic districts, which are usually characterized by high unique cultural values but, at the same time, show difficult characteristics in terms of comfort and security. Accordingly, the planning rules to be applied to the historic districts need to be re-written overcoming the traditional logics. The proposed adaptive reuse framework deals with the application of the Macbeth method. To properly test, develop and illustrate the framework we conducted an experimental validation through a case study: the urban regeneration of an historical district in Biella (Italy) starting from the adaptive reuse of an historic buildin

Penentuan Prioritas pada Jaringan Back-bone Palapa Ring Menggunakan Derajat Node dan Cut Vertex

Palapa Ring is a project aiming to connect provinces and cities in Indonesia via a high data speed telecommunication path. The purpose of this  research is to identify the priority scale of each node in Palapa Ring Backbone network by considering the degree of each node and the cut vertices of the network. The result shows that the existing infrastructure in Palapa Ring comprised 48 nodes and 117 links. The nodes with the highest degree in the network were PBR, PTK, BJM, JK, SB and UP, with each of the nodes was connected to four links. Cut vertices in the network consisted of 22 nodes. The nodes in the network are classified into 4 categories. Five nodes (PBR, PTK, BJM, SB and UP) fell into the 1st priority group, two nodes (JK,MDN) fell into the 2nd priority group, 16 nodes fell into the 3rd priority group and the rest fell into the non priority group

Implementasi Deteksi dan Pengenalan Wajah pada Sistem Ujian Online Menggunakan Metode Deep Learning Berbasis Raspberry Pi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem yang secara otomatis dapat mengenali peserta dalam tes berbasis online untuk efisiensi waktu dan biaya. Sistem ini terdiri dari Raspberry Pi untuk menjalankan algoritma pengenalan wajah, Kamera Pi untuk menangkap gambar peserta dan server lokal untuk menyimpan data peserta. Pada tahap awal penelitian, dibangun sebuah dataset yang berisi foto terbaru peserta dan id peserta. Dataset ini kemudian digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran menggunakan algoritma haarcascade yang merupakan bagian dari metode deep learning untuk menghasilkan sebuah model. Pada tahap pengenalan, gambar peserta dibandingkan dengan model. Peserta yang berhasil dikenali akan secara otomatis dialokasikan ke komputer yang tersedia. Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem berhasil mengenali peserta tes dan yang bukan peserta tes

Leptonic decay constants fK, fD and fDs with Nf = 2+1+1 twisted-mass lattice QCD

We present a lattice QCD calculation of the pseudoscalar decay constants fK, fD and fDs performed using the gauge configurations produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration with Nf = 2 + 1 + 1 dynamical quarks, which include in the sea, besides two light mass degenerate quarks, also the strange and charm quarks with masses close to their values in the real world. The simulations are based on a unitary setup for the two light mass-degenerate quarks and on a mixed action approach for the strange and charm quarks. We use data simulated at three different values of the lattice spacing in the range 0.06 - 0.09 fm and at pion masses in the range 210 - 450 MeV. Our main results are: fK+ / fpi+ = 1.184 (16), fK+ = 154.4 (2.0) MeV, which incorporate the leading strong isospin breaking correction due to the up- and down-quark mass difference, and fK = 155.0 (1.9) MeV, fD = 207.4 (3.8) MeV, fDs = 247.2 (4.1) MeV, fDs / fD = 1.192 (22) and (fDs / fD) / (fK / fpi) = 1.003 (14) obtained in the isospin symmetric limit of QCD. Combined with the experimental measurements of the leptonic decay rates of kaon, pion, D- and Ds-mesons our results lead to the following determination of the CKM matrix elements: |Vus| = 0.2269 (29), |Vcd| = 0.2221 (67) and |Vcs| = 1.014 (24). Using the latest value of |Vud| from superallowed nuclear beta decays the unitarity of the first row of the CKM matrix is fulfilled at the permille level.Comment: 20 pp., 4 figures; revised version to appear in PRD; improved calculation of IB effects for fK+; minor changes in the final values. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1403.450