Thick film silicon growth techniques

Silicon ribbon growth experiments were conducted using orifices (dies) fabricated from SiC-SiO2 mixtures, fused quartz, SiC, and fine-grained, high density graphite. The best results were obtained from graphite dies. A number of different approaches was tried in modifying the thermal gradient in the dies and in holding the dies. The best results here were obtained from a 0.25-in. thick Mo disc holding a graphite die directly and fitting the die quite closely. Ribbon growths as wide as 9 mm were obtained, while the longest ribbon was 450 x 3.5 x 0.5 mm. Resistivities of ribbons grown from graphite dies have been measured over the range of 0.03 to 1.6 ohm-cm. Some thoughts and literature findings are presented regarding refractory oxide materials as potential orifices

Lead telluride bonding and segmentation study Semiannual phase report, 1 Feb. - 31 Jul. 1969

Thermoelectric system of Cd-Si-Ge, and tungsten diffusion bonded lead tellurid

Thick film silicon growth techniques

Thick film silicon ribbons were produced by means of the edge-defined, film-fed growth (EFG) technique. EFG is a process by which single crystals may be grown having a shape controlled by the outside dimensions of a die, the growth taking place from an extremely thin film of liquid fed by capillary action from a crucible below. The principal problem to be overcome in the application of this process to the growth of thick film silicon ribbon relates to the material, such as the shaping die. For the method to operate, this die material must be wet by the liquid silicon. To preserve semiconductor quality, the liquid silicon must not react significantly with the die material. The most promising die material for this application appears to be SiC and SiC-SiO2 admixture. In this case good wetting occurs between the molten silicon and the SiC. C is a relatively unharmful contaminant of Si and additions of quartz to SiC are found to decrease the extent of reaction

Conservation of energy and momenta in nonholonomic systems with affine constraints

We characterize the conditions for the conservation of the energy and of the components of the momentum maps of lifted actions, and of their `gauge-like' generalizations, in time-independent nonholonomic mechanical systems with affine constraints. These conditions involve geometrical and mechanical properties of the system, and are codified in the so-called reaction-annihilator distribution

Lead telluride non-magnetic bonding research study Fourth quarterly report, 1 Dec. 1965 - 28 Feb. 1966

PbTe-W and PbTe-Ta, SnTe-Ta equilibria, nonmagnetic bonding of pure PbTe and 3N powder to sintered pellets, and design and construction of furnace and lapping machin

Finite to infinite steady state solutions, bifurcations of an integro-differential equation

We consider a bistable integral equation which governs the stationary solutions of a convolution model of solid--solid phase transitions on a circle. We study the bifurcations of the set of the stationary solutions as the diffusion coefficient is varied to examine the transition from an infinite number of steady states to three for the continuum limit of the semi--discretised system. We show how the symmetry of the problem is responsible for the generation and stabilisation of equilibria and comment on the puzzling connection between continuity and stability that exists in this problem

Strong-Segregation Theory of Bicontinuous Phases in Block Copolymers

We compute phase diagrams for $A_nB_m$ starblock copolymers in the strong-segregation regime as a function of volume fraction $\phi$, including bicontinuous phases related to minimal surfaces (G, D, and P surfaces) as candidate structures. We present the details of a general method to compute free energies in the strong segregation limit, and demonstrate that the gyroid G phase is the most nearly stable among the bicontinuous phases considered. We explore some effects of conformational asymmetry on the topology of the phase diagram.Comment: 14 pages, latex, 21 figures, to appear in Macromolecule

Current update of cerebral embolic protection devices

Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has evolved into a viable alternative to carotid endarterectomy. Although CAS outcomes have improved during the last decade, the associated stroke rate remains higher when compared with carotid endarterectomy. Therefore, the pivotal role of embolic protection devices (EPDs) in minimizing stroke risk cannot be underestimated as a vital component of CAS. As technology advances, EPDs continue to be refined, and each device currently on the market has its own advantages and disadvantages. This review provides an overview of the current status of EPDs and highlights the unique features of each device, followed by suggestions for application in specific clinical scenarios

Black Holes in Supergravity: the non-BPS Branch

We construct extremal, spherically symmetric black hole solutions to 4D supergravity with charge assignments that preclude BPS-saturation. In particular, we determine the ground state energy as a function of charges and moduli. We find that the mass of the non-BPS black hole remains that of a marginal bound state of four basic constituents throughout the entire moduli space and that there is always a non-zero gap above the BPS bound.Comment: 29 pages, one appendix, no figures; v2. few comments and references added and a missing sign included; v3. further references adde