HBIM METHODOLOGIES FOR THE ARCHITECTURAL RESTORATION. THE CASE OF THE EX-CHURCH OF SAN QUIRICO ALL'OLIVO IN LUCCA, TUSCANY

Abstract. In the last decade, in the field of conservation of historic buildings, several research projects have shown the potential of applying BIM technology to architectural heritage. However, the use of BIM for historic buildings (HBIM) is still evolving. This paper presents an application of Building Information Modelling targeted to the development of a restauration proposal for the ex-church of San Quirico all'Olivo in Lucca, Tuscany. Following a brief review of the state-of-the-art of BIM applied to architectural heritage, the paper shows the results of a study that included 3D architectural survey with Structure-from-Motion methodology, critical analysis of historical archival and bibliographic sources, analysis of the conservation status of the building, proposal for its conservation and enhancement.HBIM methodology has been critically applied to all the phases of the project. This study also explores the possibility of organizing the BIM model into temporal phases, integrating documentation in a structured and easily accessible way. In our study, we also chose to link the 3D point cloud to the model, in order to increase the level of information; the 3D survey, therefore, is both the starting point for modelling, and represents a source of information within the model, to be recalled when required.</p

On the Laplacian spectra of token graphs

We study the Laplacian spectrum of token graphs, also called symmetric powers of graphs. The k-token graph Fk(G) of a graph G is the graph whose vertices are the k-subsets of vertices from G, two of which being adjacent whenever their symmetric difference is a pair of adjacent vertices in G. In this paper, we give a relationship between the Laplacian spectra of any two token graphs of a given graph. In particular, we show that, for any integers h and k such that 1 ≤ h ≤ k ≤ n 2 , the Laplacian spectrum of Fh(G) is contained in the Laplacian spectrum of Fk(G). We also show that the doubled odd graphs and doubled Johnson graphs can be obtained as token graphs of the complete graph Kn and the star Sn = K1,n−1, respectively. Besides, we obtain a relationship between the spectra of the k-token graph of G and the k-token graph of its complement G. This generalizes to tokens graphs a wellknown property stating that the Laplacian eigenvalues of G are closely related to the Laplacian eigenvalues of G. Finally, the doubled odd graphs and doubled Johnson graphs provide two infinite families, together with some others, in which the algebraic connectivities of the original graph and its token graph coincide. Moreover, we conjecture that this is the case for any graph G and its token graph.This research of C. Dalfó and M.A. Fiol has been partially supported by AGAUR from the Catalan Government under project 017SGR1087 and by MICINN from the Spanish Government under project PGC2018-095471-B-I00. The research of C. Dalfó has also been supported by MICINN from the Spanish Government under project MTM2017-83271-R. The research of C. Huemer was supported by MICINN from the Spanish Government under project PID2019-104129GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and AGAUR from the Catalan Government under project 017SGR1336. F.J. Zaragoza Martínez acknowledges the support of the National Council of Science and Technology (Conacyt) and its National System of Researchers (SNI). This research has also received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 73492

Effect of Grazing Management on Herbage Accumulation of Lucerne-Orchard Grass Sward

Throughout most of México, lucerne (Medicago sativa) is the primary forage legume used in the dairy industry. Unfortunately, lucerne does not grow in late autumn and winter due to adverse weather. Recent studies with lucerne have suggested that the inclusion of a companion grass will invariably increase the seasonal distribution and total annual yield of swards (Laidlaw & Teuber, 2001). However the management of mixed swards containing lucerne is difficult as a grazing frequency or intensity which suits one species may be detrimental to the other. Changes in balance between grass and legume, especially in grazed swards, have been observed. In México mixtures of lucerne-orchard grass have a good persistence and productivity. However the explanation for this is unclear. This study examined the effects of different grazing management practices on lucerne-orchard grass production and seasonal distribution

BIM en la universidad

126 páginas.La tecnología BIM (Building Information Modeling, por sus siglas en inglés) es un método innovador para facilitar la comunicación entre los sectores de la arquitectura, ingeniería y construcción, donde se genera intercambio de información de manera eficiente, se crean representaciones digitales (modelosv3d ricos en información) de todas las fases del proceso de construcción y simulan el rendimiento en la vida real, lo que perfecciona el flujo de trabajo, aumenta la productividad y mejora la calidad. En México se realizó un estudio en la industria de la construcción (Bim Forum México, encuesta 2017), que analiza las razones por las que las empresas no utilizan BIM; las que destacan que: las licencias y equipos son muy caros (29%), no se cuenta con personal calificado (23%), los clientes no lo requieren (5%), la industria mexicana no está preparada (4%), no hay capacitación en ello (3%), no hay tiempo para implementarlo (2%), etc. Ante tales razones, los desafíos a los que se enfrenta el sector académico es implementar dentro de sus programas de estudio la enseñanza la tecnología BIM para la formación de nuevas generaciones de profesionales (arquitectos e ingenieros) que cuenten con los conocimientos y habilidades necesarias para responder a los retos que se enfrenta la industria de la construcción. El presente documento se enfoca a estudios realizados por académicos de diversas universidades: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México; y Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, México. Las investigaciones han sido acerca de la experiencia en la implementación de la tecnología BIM en la práctica y en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje

Lack of Trehalose Accelerates H2O2-Induced Candida albicans Apoptosis through Regulating Ca2+ Signaling Pathway and Caspase Activity

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide and can be accumulated in response to heat or oxidative stresses in Candida albicans. Here we showed that a C. albicans tps1Δ mutant, which is deficient in trehalose synthesis, exhibited increased apoptosis rate upon H2O2 treatment together with an increase of intracellular Ca2+ level and caspase activity. When the intracellular Ca2+ level was stimulated by adding CaCl2 or A23187, both the apoptosis rate and caspase activity were increased. In contrast, the presence of two calcium chelators, EGTA and BAPTA, could attenuate these effects. Moreover, we investigated the role of Ca2+ pathway in C. albicans apoptosis and found that both calcineurin and the calcineurin-dependent transcription factor, Crz1p, mutants showed decreased apoptosis and caspase activity upon H2O2 treatment compared to the wild-type cells. Expression of CaMCA1, the only gene found encoding a C. albicans metacaspase, in calcineurin-deleted or Crz1p-deleted cells restored the cell sensitivity to H2O2. Our results suggest that Ca2+ and its downstream calcineurin/Crz1p/CaMCA1 pathway are involved in H2O2 -induced C. albicans apoptosis. Inhibition of this pathway might be the mechanism for the protective role of trehalose in C. albicans

Functional upgrading in China’s export processing sector

Functional upgrading occurs when a firm acquires more sophisticated functions within an existing value chain. In this paper, we analyze if there is evidence of this type of upgrading in China’s export processing regime by investigating dynamics in the relative prevalence of Import & Assembly (IA) versus Pure Assembly (PA) processing trade over the period 2000-2013. Firms in both regimes provide similar manufacturing services to foreign companies, but IA firms also conduct the sophisticated tasks of quality control, searching, financing and storing imported materials. Consistent with a trend of functional upgrading, we show that the share of IA trade in total processing trade has increased rapidly during the period 2000-2006, both overall and within product categories. Furthermore, we find that this trend has gone hand in hand with improvements in a sector’s labor productivity and unit values. Against expectations, we find that this process has slowed down notably during the period 2006-2013.status: publishe

BIM en la construcción

244 páginas.En la actualidad, con la metodología BIM (Building Information Modeling), todos los sistemas de información de los procesos productivos en la obra se han integrado, la información se puede compartir a distancia y en tiempo real con todos los actores involucrados en el proyecto. En estas condiciones, las instituciones generadoras de obras y las empresas prestadoras de servicios se están rediseñando con nuevos modelos de negocios enfocados en satisfacer las actuales demandas y experiencias de los clientes. El libro que aquí se presenta reúne el trabajo de investigación referente a BIM de la Red Académica de Diseño Construcción integrada por académicos de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México (UADY), el Worcester Polytechnical Institute (WPI) de Massachusetts, Estados Unidos y del Área de Administración y Tecnología para el Diseño de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco (UAM). También han colaborado con la Red investigadores de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), España y, dentro de la UAM, académicos de la División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Departamento de Materiales, del Área de Construcción. Cabe mencionar que los artículos ya han sido publicados con anterioridad en los Anuarios de Administración y Tecnología para el Diseño y las Compilaciones de Artículos de Investigación en Administración y Tecnología para la Arquitectura, Diseño e Ingeniería, productos del trabajo de investigación del Área que edita anualmente desde 1999, como se indica en el índice del presente libro

Number of years of participation in some, but not all, types of physical activity during adolescence predicts level of physical activity in adulthood: Results from a 13-year study

Abstract: Background: Adolescent physical activity (PA) levels track into adulthood. However it is not known if type of PA participated in during adolescence is associated with PA levels later in life. We aimed to identify natural groupings of types of PA and to assess whether number of years participating in these different groupings during adolescence is related to PA level in early adulthood. Methods: 673 adolescents in Montreal, Canada, age 12–13 years at baseline (54 % female), reported participation in 29 physical activities every 3 months over 5 years (1999–2005). They also reported their PA level at age 24 years (2011–12). PA groupings among the 29 physical activities were identified using factor analysis. The association between number of years participating in each grouping during adolescence and PA level at age 24 was estimated using linear regression within a general estimating equation framework. Results: Three PA groupings were identified: “sports”, “fitness and dance”, and “running”. There was a positive linear relationship between number of years participating in sports and running in adolescence and PA level at age 24 years (β (95 % confidence interval) = 0.09 (0.04-0.15); 0.08 (0.01-0.15), respectively). There was no relationship between fitness and dance in adolescence and PA level at age 24. Conclusions: The association between PA participation in adolescence and PA levels in young adulthood may be specific to certain PA types and to consistency of participation during adolescence. Results suggest that efforts to establish the habit of participation in sports and running in adolescence may promote higher PA levels in adulthood

Analysis of conservation priorities of Iberoamerican cattle based on autosomal microsatellite markers

Articles in International JournalsBackground: Determining the value of livestock breeds is essential to define conservation priorities, manage genetic diversity and allocate funds. Within- and between-breed genetic diversity need to be assessed to preserve the highest intra-specific variability. Information on genetic diversity and risk status is still lacking for many Creole cattle breeds from the Americas, despite their distinct evolutionary trajectories and adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. Methods: A comprehensive genetic analysis of 67 Iberoamerican cattle breeds was carried out with 19 FAOrecommended microsatellites to assess conservation priorities. Contributions to global diversity were investigated using alternative methods, with different weights given to the within- and between-breed components of genetic diversity. Information on Iberoamerican plus 15 worldwide cattle breeds was used to investigate the contribution of geographical breed groups to global genetic diversity. Results: Overall, Creole cattle breeds showed a high level of genetic diversity with the highest level found in breeds admixed with zebu cattle, which were clearly differentiated from all other breeds. Within-breed kinships revealed seven highly inbred Creole breeds for which measures are needed to avoid further genetic erosion. However, if contribution to heterozygosity was the only criterion considered, some of these breeds had the lowest priority for conservation decisions. The Weitzman approach prioritized highly differentiated breeds, such as Guabalá, Romosinuano, Cr. Patagonico, Siboney and Caracú, while kinship-based methods prioritized mainly zebu-related breeds. With the combined approaches, breed ranking depended on the weights given to the within- and between-breed components of diversity. Overall, the Creole groups of breeds were generally assigned a higher priority for conservation than the European groups of breeds. Conclusions: Conservation priorities differed significantly according to the weight given to within- and betweenbreed genetic diversity. Thus, when establishing conservation programs, it is necessary to also take into account other features. Creole cattle and local isolated breeds retain a high level of genetic diversity. The development of sustainable breeding and crossbreeding programs for Creole breeds, and the added value resulting from their products should be taken into consideration to ensure their long-term survival