The long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide alleviates symptoms by reducing posttranslational conversion of prepro-glucagon to glucagon in a patient with malignant glucagonoma, but does not prevent tumor growth

A 52-year-old female with metastatic glucagonoma secreting glucagon and chromogranin A was treated with the somatostatin analogue octreotide for 2 years without any additional tumor-reducing interventions. Before therapy plasma glucagon was above 8 μg/l (normal <0.2) and within 2 days 3 × 200 μg octreotide daily suppressed plasma glucagon to 2.2-2.5 μg/l. Concomitantly, chromogranin A dropped from 0.85 mg/l (normal <0.1) to 0.2. After 3 weeks the preexisting disabling necrolytic migratory erythema had vanished completely, and weight loss was temporarily stopped. During therapy chromogranin A and plasma glucagon rose, exceeding pretreatment levels after 3 and 14 months, respectively. After 1 year the erythema recurred, responding only transiently to increasing doses of octreotide. The patient died after 2 years of therapy of tumor cachexy despite very highdosesof octreotide (4 × 600 μg/day). Throughout treatment octreotide did not prevent tumor growth, as demonstrated by computed tomography and sonography. Determination of immunoreactive glucagon before and during octreotide therapy in fractions of plasma samples subjected to gel chromatography revealed a reduction in the ratio of glucagon to preproglucagon from 1.83 (before) to 0.56 (during therapy), indicating inhibition of posttranslational processing of preproglucagon by octreotide, thereby reducing circulating bioactive glucagon. In summary, octreotide induced a remission of clinical symptoms by inhibiting posttranslational conversion of preproglucagon to glucagon but did not prevent tumor growth. Therefore, octreotide is a valuable therapy for rapid relief of clinical symptoms, thereby improving the possibilities for other tumor-reducing therapies

Исследования функциональности и состояния защитных сооружений ГО г. Юрги

Immunogenetics and cellular immunology of bacterial infectious disease

Организация работ по локализации и ликвидации аварийного разлива нефти и нефтепродуктов на водной поверхности

Объектом исследования являются методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Цель работы – провести анализ существующих методов и тактических мероприятий по локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. В процессе исследования проводился анализ имеющихся данных, на основе которых были выделение наиболее эффективные методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Проведен расчет объема вытекшей нефти и количества сорбента, требуемого для ликвидации разлива. В результате исследования было выявлено, что наиболее эффективным способом локализации разливов на водной поверхности являются боны с различными механизмами их установки, а наиболее эффективными методами ликвидации – использование скиммеров и сорбентов.Объектом исследования являются методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Цель работы – провести анализ существующих методов и тактических мероприятий по локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. В процессе исследования проводился анализ имеющихся данных, на основе которых были выделение наиболее эффективные методы локализации и ликвидации разливов нефти на водной поверхности. Проведен расчет объема вытекшей нефти и количества сорбента, требуемого для ликвидации разлива. В результате исследования было выявлено, что наиболее эффективным способом локализации разливов на водной поверхности являются боны с различными механизмами их установки, а наиболее эффективными методами ликвидации – использование скиммеров и сорбентов

Biological and immunological properties of the International Standard for FSH 83/575: isoelectrofocusing profile and comparison with other FSH praparations.

The new international standard for FSH, IS 83/575, has been analyzed, after isoelectric focusing separation, by Sertoli cell in vitro bioassay, radioligand receptor assay and two highly specific immunometric assays. Its molecular composition was then compared with the isoelectric focusing profiles obtained from the fractionation of the reference preparation 2nd IRP 78/549 and from pools of human male and female pituitary extracts and male and female sera. The results showed that > 80% of immunoreactive and bioactive FSH in the IS 83/575 has a pI value < 4, while such very acidic material was represented much less in the other FSH preparations tested. All the immunoreactive material contained in the IS 83/575 was shown to be capable of receptor binding and bioactivity in vitro. A generally good correspondence between IEF profiles obtained by bioassay and by immunofluorimetric assay was evident in the case of IS 83/575, 2nd IRP 78/549 and pituitary extracts, although the profiles recorded by immunofluorimetric assay were rather smooth and more isoforms were detected by bioassay. A striking discrepancy between immunoreactive FSH and bioactive FSH was observed after isoelectric focusing fractionation of the serum pools, in which some bioactive material was not detected by immunofluorimetric assay and some of the immunoreactive FSH peaks were devoid of bioactivity, indicating that serum contains inhibitors of FSH action and that immunometric assays based on monoclonal antibodies may miss some bioactive FSH isoforms