APOIO A OFICINAS, PALESTRAS E MINICURSOS OFERTADAS PELO CPADC DA UFOPA

As atividades de oficinas, minicursos e palestras estão vinculadas ao projeto de extensão “CPADC DA UFOPA: Atividades de apoio ao ensino das Ciências, Matemática, Educação Ambiental e Astronomia”, tais atividades foram planejadas para alcançar professores e estudantes da educação básica e estudantes de graduação. Teve-se como objetivo apoiar e caracterizar estas atividades ofertadas, entre outubro de 2016 a setembro de 2017. Para tanto houve pesquisa em documentos do CPADC, tais como fichas de registro das atividades; fichas de inscrições e listas de frequências das citadas atividades. Estiveram presentes 167 participantes em palestras, onde foram abordadas temáticas de ensino, tecnologias e história da ciência. Nos minicursos ofertados foram trabalhados temas de ensino, trabalhos científicos, gravitação, ciências e suas tecnologias onde houve 147 participantes. Ensino de astronomia, experimentação de ciências, uso de tecnologias para estudo de matemática, foram os temas abordados nas oficinas com 77 participantes. Constatamos pelas análises dos documentos de registros dos participantes a presença de professores e alunos da educação básica, estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação. As ações das atividades ofertadas pelo CPADC da UFOPA mostraram-se de grande importância, pois estiveram presentes no total 391 participantes inscritos, docentes de diferentes instituições de nível superior e de toda equipe envolvida, vimos também que as atividades proporcionaram aos participantes a utilização de metodologias para serem aplicadas no processo de ensino- aprendizagem, além de articular diversas áreas do conhecimento científico com aspectos relacionados à Educação em Ciências, Matemática, Astronomia e Tecnologia, dessa forma pode-se desenvolver as habilidades na área de planejamento organizacional, execução de eventos científicos e exercício da prática da pesquisa. Palavras-chave: Atividades de extensão; organização; planejamento; ensino-aprendizagem

Microhardness of resins as a function of color and halogen light

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência da intensidade da luz e cor de uma resina composta no grau de dureza Knoop. Corpos-de-prova foram confeccionados utilizando-se matrizes de poliéster envoltas por um anel de cobre, contendo uma cavidade padronizada de 6 mm de diâmetro por 2 mm de espessura. Estas cavidades foram preenchidas com resina composta selecionada, Fill Magic - Vigodent, com as cores A3, B3, C3, D3 e I, fotopolimerizadas através de um fotopolimerizador Elipar, calibrado para produzir 3 intensidades de luz diferentes: 450 mW/cm², 800 mW/cm² e uma intensidade de luz crescente de 100 a 800 mW/cm². Foram confeccionados 90 corpos-de-prova em que o tempo de exposição da resina à luz halógena foi de 40 s. As amostras foram armazenadas em tubos de ensaio com água destilada a 37 ± 1ºC. Após este período, foram realizados os testes de dureza Knoop na região de superfície e fundo. Os resultados mostraram que houve diferença estatística em relação a intensidade de luz, entretanto em relação a cor, não houve diferença estatística. Os autores concluíram que a cor do compósito não influencia a dureza Knoop e que a intensidade progressiva promoveu os melhores resultados de dureza Knoop.The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of light intensity and the influence of the color of a composite resin on Knoop hardness. Samples were confected utilizing polyester matrices with 6 mm of diameter and 2 mm of depth. The matrices were filled with composite resin (Fill Magic - Vigodent), colors A3, B3, C3, D3 and I, and light-cured by means of an Elipar light-curing unit in three different light intensities: 450 mW/cm2, 800 mW/cm² and an increasing intensity setup of 100 mW/cm² to 800 mW/cm². Ninety test specimens were confected, with the standard curing time of 40 seconds. The specimens were stored at 37 ± 1ºC and immersed in distillate water. The Knoop test was carried out in superficial and deep areas of the specimens. The results revealed that there was no statistical difference (Tukey) between the tested colors. However, there was statistical difference between different light intensities. The authors concluded that the color of the composite resin did not influence Knoop hardness and that the progressive intensity setup led to the best Knoop hardness

Seasonality modulates the direct and indirect influences of forest cover on larval anopheline assemblages in western Amazônia

Serious concerns have arisen regarding urbanization processes in western Amazônia, which result in the creation of artificial habitats, promoting the colonization of malaria vectors. We used structural equation modelling to investigate direct and indirect effects of forest cover on larval habitats and anopheline assemblages in different seasons. We found 3474 larvae in the dry season and 6603 in the rainy season, totalling ten species and confirming the presence of malaria vectors across all sites. Forest cover had direct and indirect (through limnological variables) effects on the composition of larval anopheline assemblages in the rainy season. However, during the dry season, forest cover directly affected larval distribution and habitat variables (with no indirect affects). Additionally, artificial larval habitats promote ideal conditions for malaria vectors in Amazonia, mainly during the rainy season, with positive consequences for anopheline assemblages. Therefore, the application of integrated management can be carried out during both seasons. However, we suggest that the dry season is the optimal time because larval habitats are more limited, smaller in volume and more accessible for applying vector control techniques

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection