In vitro bond strength of treated direct-bonding metal bases

Three types of direct-bonding metal bases were used to determine the effect of five commercial surface treatments on in vitro tensile bond strength. The proprietary treatments were etching, silanation, surface activation, etching plus silanation, and etching plus surface activation. Nontreatment was used as a control. The bases were of the mesh, photo-etched, and grooved types. Bases were loaded with a no-mix adhesive to plastic substrates. The grooved base had the highest bond strength with no treatment. Etching improved the bond strength of the grooved bracket by 56%. Silanation improved the bond strength of the mesh bracket by 28%. Surface treatments did not improve the bond strength of the photo-etched bracket.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25602/1/0000149.pd

Global and exponential attractors for a Ginzburg-Landau model of superfluidity

The long-time behavior of the solutions for a non-isothermal model in superfluidity is investigated. The model describes the transition between the normal and the superfluid phase in liquid 4He by means of a non-linear differential system, where the concentration of the superfluid phase satisfies a non-isothermal Ginzburg-Landau equation. This system, which turns out to be consistent with thermodynamical principles and whose well-posedness has been recently proved, has been shown to admit a Lyapunov functional. This allows to prove existence of the global attractor which consists of the unstable manifold of the stationary solutions. Finally, by exploiting recent techniques of semigroups theory, we prove the existence of an exponential attractor of finite fractal dimension which contains the global attractor.Comment: 39 page

Disentangling the Imaginary-Time Formalism at Finite Temperature

We rewrite the imaginary-time formalism of finite temperature field theory in a form that all graphs used in calculating physical processes do not have any loops. Any production of a particle from a heat bath which is itself not thermalized or the decay and absorption of a similar particle in the bath is expressed entirely in terms of the sum of particle interaction processes. These are themselves very general in meaning. They can be straight forward interactions or the more subtle and less well-known purely interference processes that do not have a counter part in the vacuum.Comment: 14 pages revtex style, 20 embedded EPS figures, added discussion of the connection with the real-time formalism + reference

University of Oregon Department of Art MFA Thesis Exhibition Catalog

28 pagesEvery spring our graduating MFA candidates’ work emerges and activates the Art Department and the College of Design with an ethos of possibility and insight. Their creative research of new knowledge, or the rearrangement of old knowledge, brings with it the sense that a new day is rising. The 2021 MFA Thesis Exhibition culminates three years of independent research and experimentation by a cohort of eight artists whose various practices engage a broad range of inquiry, from expressions of the personal and diaristic to the examination and fictionalization of language, politics, and technology. While the world teetered this last year—fraught over the COVID-19 pandemic, racial injustice, and political chaos these candidates focused on their practices as the world blurred. They’ve shaped new strategies to teach on-line, built new curriculum to communicate remotely, and cloistered in their studios articulating their practices all the while navigating crisis shared with the nation. As the pandemic ebbs I hope the MFA Graduates of 2021 move forward with a sense of not only a new day rising but a new world emerging

The relationship between the perception of distributed leadership in secondary schools and teachers' and teacher leaders' job satisfaction and organizational commitment

This study investigates the relation between distributed leadership, the cohesion of the leadership team, participative decision-making, context variables, and the organizational commitment and job satisfaction of teachers and teacher leaders. A questionnaire was administered to teachers and teacher leaders (n=1770) from 46 large secondary schools. Multiple regression analyses and path analyses revealed that the study variables explained significant variance in organizational commitment. The degree of explained variance for job satisfaction was considerably lower compared to organizational commitment. Most striking was that the cohesion of the leadership team and the amount of leadership support was strongly related to organizational commitment, and indirectly to job satisfaction. Decentralization of leadership functions was weakly related to organizational commitment and job satisfaction

Using Long-Term Volunteer Records to Examine Dormouse (Muscardinusavellanarius) Nestbox Selection.

Within ecology, there are unanswered questions about species-habitat interactions, which could potentially be resolved by a pragmatic analysis of a long-term volunteer-collected dataset. Here, we analysed 18 years of volunteer-collected data from a UK dormouse nestbox monitoring programme to determine the influence of habitat variables on nestbox choice by common dormice (Muscardinusavellanarius). We measured a range of habitat variables in a coppiced woodland in Gloucestershire, UK, and analysed these in relation to dormouse nestbox occupancy records (by dormice, other small mammals, and birds) collected by volunteers. While some characteristics of the woodland had changed over 18 years, simple transformation of the data and interpretation of the results indicated that the dataset was informative. Using stepwise regressions, multiple environmental and ecological factors were found to determine nestbox selection. Distance from the edge of the wood was the most influential (this did not change over 18 years), with boxes in the woodland interior being selected preferentially. There was a significant negative relationship with the presence of ferns (indicative of damp shady conditions). The presence of oak (a long-lived species), and the clumped structural complexity of the canopy were also important factors in the final model. There was no evidence of competition between dormice and birds or other mammals. The results provide greater understanding of artificial dormouse nest-site requirements and indicate that, in terms of habitat selection, long-term volunteer-collected datasets contribute usefully to understanding the requirements of species with an important conservation status

Rapid switches in subpolar North Atlantic hydrography and climate during the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e)

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 27 (2012): PA2207, doi:10.1029/2011PA002244.At the peak of the previous interglacial period, North Atlantic and subpolar climate shared many features in common with projections of our future climate, including warmer-than-present conditions and a diminished Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). Here we portray changes in North Atlantic hydrography linked with Greenland climate during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e using (sub)centennially sampled records of planktonic foraminiferal isotopes and assemblage counts and ice-rafted debris counts, as well as modern analog technique and Mg/Ca-based paleothermometry. We use the core MD03-2664 recovered from a high accumulation rate site (∼34 cm/kyr) on the Eirik sediment drift (57°26.34′N, 48°36.35′W). The results indicate that surface waters off southern Greenland were ∼3–5°C warmer than today during early MIS 5e. These anomalously warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) prevailed until the isotopic peak of MIS 5e when they were interrupted by a cooling event beginning at ∼126 kyr BP. This interglacial cooling event is followed by a gradual warming with SSTs subsequently plateauing just below early MIS 5e values. A planktonic δ18O minimum during the cooling event indicates that marked freshening of the surface waters accompanied the cooling. We suggest that switches in the subpolar gyre hydrography occurred during a warmer climate, involving regional changes in freshwater fluxes/balance and East Greenland Current influence in the study area. The nature of these hydrographic transitions suggests that they are most likely related to large-scale circulation dynamics, potentially amplified by GIS meltwater influences.This work is a contribution of the European Science Foundation EuroMARC program, through the AMOCINT project, funded through grants from the Research Council of Norway (RCN) and contributes to EU-FP7 IP Past4Future. N. Irvalı was additionally funded by an ESF EUROCORES Short-term Visit grant and a RCN Leiv Eiriksson mobility grant to support research stays at the University of Edinburgh, UK, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA, respectively, during which parts of the data for this paper were acquired. U. Ninnemann was funded by a University of Bergen Meltzer research grant.2012-11-1

A Holistic Perspective on the Dynamics of G035.39-00.33 : The Interplay between Gas and Magnetic Fields

Magnetic field plays a crucial role in shaping molecular clouds and regulating star formation, yet the complete information on the magnetic field is not well constrained owing to the limitations in observations. We study the magnetic field in the massive infrared dark cloud G035.39-00.33 from dust continuum polarization observations at 850 mu m with SCUBA-2/POL-2 at JCMT for the first time. The magnetic field tends to be perpendicular to the densest part of the main filament (F-M), whereas it has a less defined relative orientation in the rest of the structure, where it tends to be parallel to some diffuse regions. A mean plane-of-the-sky magnetic field strength of similar to 50 mu G for F-M is obtained using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. Based on (CO)-C-13 (1-0) line observations, we suggest a formation scenario of F-M due to large-scale (similar to 10 pc) cloud-cloud collision. Using additional NH3 line data, we estimate that F-M will be gravitationally unstable if it is only supported by thermal pressure and turbulence. The northern part of F-M, however, can be stabilized by a modest additional support from the local magnetic field. The middle and southern parts of F-M are likely unstable even if the magnetic field support is taken into account. We claim that the clumps in F-M may be supported by turbulence and magnetic fields against gravitational collapse. Finally, we identified for the first time a massive (similar to 200 M-circle dot, collapsing starless clump candidate, "c8," in G035.39-00.33. The magnetic field surrounding "c8" is likely pinched, hinting at an accretion flow along the filament.Peer reviewe

Heat-shock proteins in infection-mediated inflammation-induced tumorigenesis

Inflammation is a necessary albeit insufficient component of tumorigenesis in some cancers. Infectious agents directly implicated in tumorigenesis have been shown to induce inflammation. This process involves both the innate and adaptive components of the immune system which contribute to tumor angiogenesis, tumor tolerance and metastatic properties of neoplasms. Recently, heat-shock proteins have been identified as mediators of this inflammatory process and thus may provide a link between infection-mediated inflammation and subsequent cancer development. In this review, the role of heat-shock proteins in infection-induced inflammation and carcinogenesis will be discussed