L’insomnie et son traitement chez les personnes âgées : une nouvelle approche

Les hypothèses avancées actuellement sur l'intervention psychologique pour résoudre les troubles d'induction et de maintien du sommeil n'expliquent qu'en partie le phénomène de l'insomnie, tout particulièrement chez les personnes âgées. Dans cet article, nous analysons les modes de traitement de l'insomnie non basés sur la pharmacologie qui sont présentement offerts, et nous proposons une nouvelle manière de concevoir et de traiter les difficultés d'induction et de maintien du sommeil (DIMS). À base de facteurs cognitifs et estimatifs (traitement d'informations), le modèle est utilisé pour soumettre de nouvelles approches d'intervention. Vu la fréquence des interruptions de sommeil chez les gens âgés et les effets restreints de la pharmacothérapie et de la psychothérapie sur eux, les hypothèses énoncées par le modèle proposé et l'intervention projetée sont examinées en portant une attention toute particulière à la population âgée.Existing hypotheses regarding psychological mediation of disorders in initiating and maintaining sleep only partially explain the phenomenon of insomnia, particularly in aging individuals. In this article we review existing nonpharmacological treatments of insomnia and propose a new way of conceptualizing and treating disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep. The model, based on cognitive and information processing factors, is then used to propose novel approaches to intervention. Because of the prevalence of sleep disruptions in older adults and the limitations of existing pharmacological and psychological treatments with this population, the assumptions of the model and the proposed intervention are explored with particular reference to aging individuals

Information and Communication Technology for French and English Speaking Postsecondary Students with Disabilities: What are Their Needs and How Well are These Being Met?

This study evaluates how well information and communication technology (ICT) related needs of students with various disabilities are met at school, at home, and in e-learning contexts. Results are based on the POSITIVES Scale, a 26 item ob-jective measure of how well the ICT related needs of these students are met. The sample consists of 131 students from French and 1202 students from English lan-guage universities and junior/community colleges with various disabilities from across Canada. Although the results generally show more favourable than unfa-vourable scores, these are affected by the nature of students’ disabilities and by context: home or school. Generally, both groups had similar views about cir-cumstances where their needs were poorly met and about what worked well. The findings suggest that linguistic and policy considerations have an impact on how well the ICT related needs of students with different disabilities are met in differ-ent parts of Canada

Metformin Improves Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

Context: Type 1 diabetes in adolescence is characterized by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance (IR), both thought to increase cardiovascular disease risk. We previously demonstrated that adolescents with type 1 diabetes have adipose, hepatic, and muscle IR, and that metformin lowers daily insulin dose, suggesting improved IR. However, whether metformin improves IR in muscle, hepatic, or adipose tissues in type 1 diabetes was unknown. Objective: Measure peripheral, hepatic, and adipose insulin sensitivity before and after metformin or placebo therapy in youth with obesity with type 1 diabetes. Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Setting: Multi-center at eight sites of the T1D Exchange Clinic Network. Participants: A subset of 12- to 19-year-olds with type 1 diabetes (inclusion criteria: body mass index ≥85th percentile, HbA1c 7.5% to 9.9%, insulin dosing ≥0.8 U/kg/d) from a larger trial (NCT02045290) were enrolled. Intervention: Participants were randomized to 3 months of metformin (N = 19) or placebo (N = 18) and underwent a three-phase hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with glucose and glycerol isotope tracers to assess tissue-specific IR before and after treatment. Main outcome measures: Peripheral insulin sensitivity, endogenous glucose release, rate of lipolysis. Results: Between-group differences in change in insulin sensitivity favored metformin regarding whole-body IR [change in glucose infusion rate 1.3 (0.1, 2.4) mg/kg/min, P = 0.03] and peripheral IR [change in metabolic clearance rate 0.923 (-0.002, 1.867) dL/kg/min, P = 0.05]. Metformin did not impact insulin suppression of endogenous glucose release (P = 0.12). Adipose IR was not assessable with traditional methods in this highly IR population. Conclusions: Metformin appears to improve whole-body and peripheral IR in youth who are overweight/obese with type 1 diabetes

Jewish general hospital (JGH) sexual self-monitoring form : diary evaluation of sexual behavior and satisfaction /

Titre de départBibliogr.: p. 273-27

How studying people with visual impairments may help in the development of sleep-inducing strategies for aging insomniacs /

"Presentation at the annual convention of the Société québécoise pour la recherche en psychologie, Montréal, november, 1990

State of the Research on Artificial Intelligence Based Apps for Post-Secondary Students with Disabilities

We conducted a general Google search and a scoping review of various types of artificial intelligence (AI) based technology – mobile, web-based, software, hardware – used by college and university students to do schoolwork. The main findings indicate that (1) there is no generally agreed upon definition of AI, and (2) there is a huge discrepancy between the popular press articles that are behind the AI hype and the scientific literature. The popular press provides an overview of the AI tools available to students with disabilities and discusses how students can use these tools. The scientific literature is primarily devoted to tool development and has poor methodology. We conclude that the potential of AI for post-secondary students with disabilities is enormous, but that informed research about these tools is scant, with a profound lack of demonstrated scalability. Research needs to address “real-world” uses of AI-based tools by post-secondary students with disabilities