Les jardins zoologiques et la ville : quelle nature pour le Biodôme de Montréal

International audienceMontreal's Biodôme can be used as a model of the new type of zoos that emerged in the1980s. They reflect the changing relationships between Westerner urbanized societies andNature. Relationships between Men and Animals and the definition of nature are questionedthrough the analysis of the Biodôme: first, the opposition between Nature and Culture appearsto be less and less relevant ; then, the city dwellers appear to be only seeking for directconfrontation with an exotic and wild nature, without any of the hazards or tiredness thatsupposes a real travel. It is a sweetened Nature that is showed and its “otherness” is locked ina specific place in the city, so that Mankind and Nature remain as two opposite concepts.Le Biodôme de Montréal est un modèle des nouveaux types de jardins zoologiques qui ontémergé à partir des années 1980 et qui transcrivent un rapport renouvelé des sociétésoccidentales, très largement urbanisées, à la nature. A travers l'analyse de cette institution cesont les rapports entre l'homme et l'animal et plus largement la définition de la nature quisont questionnés, laissant transparaître, au premier abord, un affaiblissement de l'oppositiontrop nette entre les catégories de nature et de culture. Cependant, plus profondément, ilapparaît que les citadins cherchent surtout à se confronter à une nature exotique et sauvage,tout en restant loin des dangers et de la fatigue qu'imposent un vrai voyage. C'est donc unenature édulcorée qui est mise en scène et dont l'altérité même reste étroitement confinée dansun espace précis afin de maintenir valide la distinction entre l'homme et la nature

Les jardins zoologiques ou l'exotique à portée de main

International audienceThis paper shows how the exotic is a key concept to analyse zoos. Wherever their location in the world, zoos always show the same core collection. Looking at what continents and animals zoos present, we can analyse them as a form of microcosm of the world, mainly constructed through the lenses of colonisation. Zoos try to build a place that is away in space and time, at a supposed golden age when few technology was between Nature and Mankind.Cet article montre comment l'exotique est au fondement de ce qui est présenté dans les zoos. Quelle que soit leur localisation dans le monde, le cœur de leurs collections est d'une remarquable stabilité. A travers le choix des continents représentés et le type de mise en scène des animaux, ils peuvent s'analyser comme des miniatures du monde reflétant largement le legs de la colonisation. L'exotique du zoo renvoie à un ailleurs spatial mais aussi temporel, dans un age d'or supposé, où la technologie ne s'intercalait pas entre l'homme et la nature

Enhancing service requirements of technical product-service systems

Due to the integration of product and services as a new business model, product reliability and strategies for cost reduction at the early design stage have become important factors for many manufacturing firms. It is, therefore, critical at this phase to analyse the risk involved with Service Requirements noncompliance in order to help designers make informed decisions; as these decisions have a large impact on the Product Life Cycle (PLC). An investigation has been performed into how Service Requirements are analysed in a service orientated business to achieve reduced Life Cycle Cost (LCC) and improvements of existing Service Requirements. Weibull distribution and Monte Carlo principle have been proposed to do so; as they are considered as the most widely used in product reliability studies in the industry sector. A generic methodology for risk evaluation of failure to deliver a new product against Service Requirements is presented in this paper. This is part of the ongoing research project which aims to, apart from comparing current and targeted Service Requirements, it also facilitates an optimisation of them at the minimum risk of nonconformity

FPGA-based multi-sensor relative navigation in space: Preliminary analysis in the framework of the I3DS H2020 project

The Horizon 2020 Integrated 3D Sensors (I3DS) project brings together the following entities throughout Europe: THALES ALENIA SPACE - France / Italy / UK / Spain, SINTEF (Norway), TERMA (Denmark), COSINE (Netherlands), PIAP Space (Poland), HERTZ Systems (Poland), and Cranfield University (UK). I3DS is co-funded under the Horizon 2020 EU research and development program and is part of the Strategic Research Cluster on Space Robotics Technologies. The ambition of I3DS is to produce a standardised modular Inspector Sensor Suite (INSES) for autonomous orbital and planetary applications for future space missions. Orbital applications encompass activities such as on-orbit servicing and repair, space rendezvous and docking, collision avoidance and active debris removal (ADR). Simultaneous localisation and surface mapping (SLAM) for planetary exploration and general navigation in an unknown environment for scientific purposes can be considered in planetary applications. These envisaged space applications can be tackled by exploiting the flexibility, high performance and long product life of FPGAs. Conventional FPGAs are subject to Single Event Upsets (SEU) due to space radiation, causing their failure. Therefore, space-graded FPGAs, such as those developed by Xilinx, are targeted within the I3DS project. Currently, the main use of the FPGA within the development of this robust end-to-end multi-sensor suite is for navigation and data preprocessing. The aim of this paper is to assess the capabilities of FPGAs to carry out complex operations, such as running navigation algorithms for space applications. The motivation for the development of the on-board software architecture is as follows: raw data, acquired from the various sensors – including, among others, a High Resolution camera, a stereo camera and a LiDAR – is pre-processed to ensure the provision of robust and optimised inputs to 3D navigation algorithms. Noise reduction and conversion into suitable formats for the successful application of navigation algorithms are therefore the main aims of the data pre-processing. Some techniques adopted in this phase include outlier rejection and data dimensionality reduction for large point clouds, e.g. from LiDAR, and geometric and radiometric correction of the images from the cameras. The pre-processed data will then feed state-of-the-art relative navigation algorithms. Some of the proposed navigation algorithms include Generalised Iterative Closest Point (GICP) for dense 3D point clouds, relative positioning with fiducial markers, and visual odometry. The system environment for the preliminary operation is a test-bench setup formed by a standard desktop computer and a non-space-graded FGA (Xilinx UltraZed-EG FPGA). The choice of FPGA was based on the similarity of this board to other spacegraded ones also provided by Xilinx. Experimental tests on the algorithms are being performed in the framework of the validation campaign for the I3DS project. Preliminary results indicate that the data pre-processing can be efficiently carried out on the FPGA board

Género, tecnología y pobreza : el caso de las explotaciones familiares algodoneras en el Chaco argentino : conclusiones y lineamientos hacia políticas públicas que promueva la equidad de género

Fil: Sued, Gabriela. Centro REDES (Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educación Superior)Fil: Estebanez, María Elina. Universidad de Buenos AiresFil: Turkenich, Magalí. Universidad Nacional de La Plat

HIV risk behaviour in female injecting drug users in Madrid, Spain.

A cross-sectional study was performed to explore the behaviour of female intravenous drug users (lOUs) in Madrid, Spain, to determine the relationships between behaviour and a number of dependent variables. We considered: l.Sociodemographic characteristics Drug-taking behaviour, sexual behavior (including prostitution), reproductive health, and utilisation of services targeted at female IDUs. 2. Direct and indirect determinants of HIV in the study population 3. Determinants of potential risk factors for HlV 4. Attitudes among women towards safer sexual practices 5. The effects of different kinds of drug treatment on risk behavior The limitations inherent in a cross-sectional study design, such as the time sequence of events, were addressed appropriately in the questionnaire. Because of the potential for selection bias, we implemented sampling techniques (such as sampling from multiple sites) to correct for this. Finally, in order to explore at different stages how the different variables might have a direct and indirect effect on the dependent variables and how the effect may be mediated through other variables in the causal pathway, we built a number of hierarchical models. The foremost conclusion that can be drawn is the significance of low socioeconomic status. Furthermore, the high-risk population is homogenous and represents an already marginalised population. The result of regression analysis showed the most important and most predictive variable (OR=12.2) to be having a regular partner who is HIV-positive. Other significant factors were: age 35 or over; no fixed address; history of sharing needles; and co-infection with an STD. Early age of first pregnancy (younger than 18) was a direct determinant of prostitution and needle sharing. We also detected a link between sexual risk behaviour and drug-taking risk behaviour. The public health implications of these findings seems obvious. Women have a range of special needs, including reproductive needs. Efforts directed towards peer education for men and women are likely to be successful since the person delivering the intervention is someone the target population can identify with

EPI-001, A Compound Active against Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Targets Transactivation Unit 5 of the Androgen Receptor

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank J. M. Valverde (IRB) as well as the NMR facilities of the University of Barcelona (CCiT UB) and the Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR, CSIC) for their assistance in, respectively, protein production and NMR. This work was supported by IRB, ICREA (X.S.), Obra Social “la Caixa” (Fellowship to E.D.M. and CancerTec grants to X.S.) MICINN (CTQ2009-08850 to X.S.), MINECO (BIO2012-31043 to X.S.; CTQ2014-56361-P to A.R), Marató de TV3 (102030 to X.S. and 102031 to E.E.P) the COFUND programme of the European Commission (C.T.W.P., A. R. and X.S.), the European Research Council (CONCERT, contract number 648201, to X.S.), the Ramón y Cajal program of MICINN (RYC-2011-07873 to C.W.B.) the Serra Hunter Programme (E.E.P.) and AGAUR (SGR-2014-56RR14 to E.E.P). IRB Barcelona is the recipient of a Severo Ochoa Award of Excellence from MINECO (Government of Spain)Peer reviewedPostprin

Análisis de la progresión del daño macroscópico en la interfase menisco-sutura tras reparación de la raíz: estudio biomecánico en modelo porcino

En un modelo porcino de la reparación de la raíz posterior del menisco medial sometido a cargas cíclicas representativas de protocolos de rehabilitación habituales en el post-operatorio temprano, no se observa daño macroscópico en la interfase tejido-sutura generada por el orificio de sutura. El desgarro meniscal en ensayo de tracción a rotura se inicia a valores de carga muy superiores a los esperables en el posoperatorio.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech