Aron Broches, Selected Essays: World Bank, ICSID and Other Subjects of Public and Private International Law

With the possible exception of international peace and security, global economic development has been the dominant theme in international law and international relations since the end of the Second World War. The tenor and intensity has varied over the decades, but the objectives, centering on institutional arrangements and programs to promote the global economy, have remained the same. Broches\u27 collection of essays, originally written between 1957 and 1992, attests to his intimate knowledge of the workings of the IBRD and its related agencies. In addition to providing both the history and the jurisprudential analysis of these institutions, these essays constitute a discourse on public as well as private international law. They contribute, moreover, to a progressive development of the international law of foreign investment. Essentially, this is a book about arbitration and dispute settlement, with its history told and explained by one who was present at its creation. Broches puts international arbitration into both the contexts of private and public international law. This book contains twenty-five essays and is divided into six parts: (1) the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; (2) Registration of Treaties and International Agreements; (3) the International Center for the Settlement of Investment of Disputes; (4) International Commercial Arbitration; (5) Investment Disputes; and (6) a section devoted to miscellaneous topics

Interactive analysis of demographic variables and occupational stress on university lecturers’ job performance

This research studied the interaction influence of demographic characteristics (marital status, job rank, gender and age) and occupational stress level, on the work performance of faculty members in Calabar Metropolis. The descriptive survey design was utilized for this investigation. A sample of 150 respondents was identified using the systematic random sampling procedure from a population of 400 Faculty of Education lecturers from two public universities in Calabar Metropolis. A four-point scale validity and reliability certified questionnaire was used for data collection. Data generated was analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance. Hypotheses were all tested at the 0.05 alpha level. Findings revealed a significant interactive effect of demographic variables (age, gender, job rank and marital status) and stress levels on lecturers' jobs. Results also indicated that the stress level of lecturers affects the degree or quality of job performance, with those having average stress levels reporting better job performance in the universities studied. Recommendations were made that all lecturers, irrespective of age, gender, marital status or rank, should develop or adopt good stress management skills and disengage/reduce extra jobs and other unnecessary stress-inducing activities.

An Overview of Thermal Insulation Material for Sustainable Engineering Building Application

Residential buildings help to facilitate the occupants against solar radiation and adverse weather conditions. However, the growing increase in climate change in our environment has resulted in different side effects on human’s health mostly in the northern region of Nigeria and other parts of the world where high radiation from the sun are experience. This has resulted to the key interests of this research on possible thermal insulation materials that can help resist or absorb the solar radiation effects that can cause damage to lives in our community. This literature review of thermal insulation materials aims to proffer a sustainable solution by evaluating the thermal performance of building materials to provide an eco-friendly environment for building occupants. This research also discusses the Application of Thermal Insulation Materials for Developing Roofing sheets. The classification of thermal insulation materials, heat transfer in insulation materials, factors that influence the choice of building materials and thermal conductivity, resistivity, resistance, and conductance. Advantages of building insulation materials on economic, comfort, and environmental were also studied, and the reviewing of previous and incorporating thermal insulation materials with roofs. From the critical review, the application of insulating materials for developing building materials is highly recommended due to the provision of an eco-friending environment with reduced energy consumption during applications of home appliances

Pietro S. Nivola, Regulating Unfair Trade

In his earlier work, Nivola displayed his ability to urge acceptance of controversial viewpoints. In his most recent work, Regulating Unfair Trade,\u27 Mr. Nivola has outdone himself. Even those who disagree with some of his analyses and conclusions will acknowledge that his views are informed and balanced. Furthermore, his presentation is thorough and his style is easy to follow. Mr. Nivola divides the discussion into seven chapters. In the first chapter, Gulliver\u27s Travail, he describes the objective for his enterprise. In the second chapter, he maps out the terrain. In chapter three, he sets the general tone for the discussion. In chapter four, he examines specific grievances referred to as war stories. In chapter five and six, he compares the legislative and executive approaches to the problem of regulation. In chapter seven, he recommends solutions to the problem

International Responses to Slavery and its Contemporary Forms: a Survey of Anti-Slavery International Instruments

This presentation will trace contemporary forms of slavery from its roots in the Trans-Atlantic slave trade and demonstrate how modern slavery differs from and yet tracks traditional slavery. The paper will examine international instruments from the 1926 League of Nations Slave Convention, through the International Labor Organization’s (ILO) Labor Conventions, the United Nations Human Rights Treaties and other international instruments for the prevention, suppression, and punishment of contemporary forms of slavery. The presentation will conclude with how to improve the regime for the eradication of contemporary slavery