Theoretical study of the absorption spectra of the lithium dimer

For the lithium dimer we calculate cross sections for absorption of radiation from the vibrational-rotational levels of the ground X [singlet Sigma g +] electronic state to the vibrational levels and continua of the excited A [singlet Sigma u +] and B [singlet Pi u] electronic states. Theoretical and experimental data are used to characterize the molecular properties taking advantage of knowledge recently obtained from photoassociation spectroscopy and ultra-cold atom collision studies. The quantum-mechanical calculations are carried out for temperatures in the range from 1000 to 2000 K and are compared with previous calculations and measurements.Comment: 20 pages, revtex, epsf, 6 fig

Planar and Spherical Rigid Motion as Special Cases of Spherical and 3-Spherical Motion

This paper describes the operational theory and design of a quadri-directional air thruste

CODE-1 : moored array and large-scale data report

The Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment (CODE) was undertaken to identify and study the important dynamical processes which govern the wind-driven motion of coastal water over the continental shelf. The initial effort in this multi-year, multi-institutional research program was to obtain high-quality data sets of all the relevant physical variables needed to construct accurate kinematic and dynamic descriptions of the response of shelf water to strong wind forcing in the 2 to 10 day band. A series of two small-scale, densely-instrumented field experiments of approximately four months duration (called CODE-1 and CODE-2) were designed to explore and to determine the kinematics and momentum and heat balances of the local wind-driven flow over a region of the northern California shelf which is characterized by both relatively simple bottom topography and large wind stress events in both winter and summer. A more lightly instrumented, long-term, large-scale component was designed to help separate the local wind-driven response in the region of the small-scale experiments from motions generated either offshore by the California Current system or in some distant region along the coast, and also to help determine the seasonal cycles of the atmospheric forcing, water structure, and coastal currents over the northern California shelf. The first small-scale experiment (CODE-1) was conducted between April and August, 1981 as a pilot study in which primary emphasis was placed on characterizing the wind-driven "signal" and the "noise" from which this signal must be extracted. In particular, CODE-1 was designed to identify the key features of the circulation and its variability over the northern California shelf and to determine the important time and length scales of the wind-driven response. This report presents a basic description of the moored array data and some other Eulerian data collected during CODE-1. A brief description of the CODE-1 field program is presented first, followed by a description of the common data analysis procedures used to produce the various data sets presented here. Then basic descriptions of the following data sets are presented: (a) the coastal and moored meteorological measurements, (b) the moored current measurements, (c) the moored temperature and conductivity observations, (d) the bottom pressure measurements, and (e) the wind and adjusted coastal sea level observations obtained as part of the CODE-1 large-scale component.Prepared for the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE 80-14941

Electronic and Structural Properties of a 4d-Perovskite: Cubic Phase of SrZrO3_3

First-principles density functional calculations are performed within the local density approximation to study the electronic properties of SrZrO$_3$, an insulating 4d-perovskite, in its high-temperature cubic phase, above 1400 K, as well as the generic 3d-perovskite SrTiO$_3$, which is also a d^0-insulator and cubic above 105 K, for comparison reasons. The energy bands, density of states and charge density distributions are obtained and a detailed comparison between their band structures is presented. The results are discussed also in terms of the existing data in the literature for both oxides.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Laboratory Diagnosis of Four Recent Sporadic Cases of Community-acquired SARS, Guangdong Province, China

Four sporadic cases of SARS-associated coronavirus infection were identified through collaboration of four laboratories

High Altitude Plume Simulations for a Solid Propellant Rocket

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76644/1/AIAA-2007-1013-267.pd

Sex Determination in Honeybees: Two Separate Mechanisms Induce and Maintain the Female Pathway

Sex determination in honeybees is realized by the csd and the fem gene that establish and maintain, throughout development, sexual fates via the control of alternative splicing

Breaking the habit - the peculiar 2016 eruption of the unique recurrent nova M31N 2008-12a

Since its discovery in 2008, the Andromeda galaxy nova M31N 2008-12a has been observed in eruption every single year. This unprecedented frequency indicates an extreme object, with a massive white dwarf and a high accretion rate, which is the most promising candidate for the single-degenerate progenitor of a type-Ia supernova known to date. The previous three eruptions of M31N 2008-12a have displayed remarkably homogeneous multi-wavelength properties: (i) From a faint peak, the optical light curve declined rapidly by two magnitudes in less than two days; (ii) Early spectra showed initial high velocities that slowed down significantly within days and displayed clear He/N lines throughout; (iii) The supersoft X-ray source (SSS) phase of the nova began extremely early, six days after eruption, and only lasted for about two weeks. In contrast, the peculiar 2016 eruption was clearly different. Here we report (i) the considerable delay in the 2016 eruption date, (ii) the significantly shorter SSS phase, and (iii) the brighter optical peak magnitude (with a hitherto unobserved cusp shape). Early theoretical models suggest that these three different effects can be consistently understood as caused by a lower quiescence mass-accretion rate. The corresponding higher ignition mass caused a brighter peak in the free-free emission model. The less-massive accretion disk experienced greater disruption, consequently delaying re-establishment of effective accretion. Without the early refueling, the SSS phase was shortened. Observing the next few eruptions will determine whether the properties of the 2016 outburst make it a genuine outlier in the evolution of M31N 2008-12a

The correlation between colorectal cancer rates of proliferation and apoptosis and systemic cytokine levels; plus their influence upon survival

Colorectal cancer development is associated with a shift in host immunity with suppression of the cell-mediated immune system (CMI) and a predominance of humoral immunity (HI). Tumour progression is also associated with increased rates of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these factors correlate and have an influence upon prognosis. Long-term follow-up was performed on 40 patients with colorectal cancer who had levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-10 measured from stimulated blood cultures before surgery. Their archived tumour specimens were analysed to determine a Ki-67-derived proliferation index (PI) and a M30-derived apoptosis index (AI). Tumour necrosis factor-α levels negatively correlated to tumour proliferation (ρ=−0.697, P=0.01). Interleukin-10 levels had a positive correlation with tumour proliferation (ρ=0.452, P=0.05) and apoptosis (ρ=0.587, P=0.01). Patient survival correlates to tumour pathological stage (P=0.0038) and vascular invasion (P=0.0014). An AI⩽0.6% and TNF-α levels ⩾8148 pg ml−1 correlate to improved survival (P=0.032, P=0.021). Tumour proliferation and apoptosis correlate to progressive suppression of the CMI-associated cytokine TNF-α and to and higher levels of IL-10. Survival is dependent upon the histological stage of the tumour, vascular invasion, rates of apoptosis and proliferation and systemic immunity which are all interconnected

Rapid Evolution of Sex Pheromone-Producing Enzyme Expression in Drosophila

Rapid evolution of gene expression patterns responsible for pheromone production in 24 species of Drosophila was mapped to simple mutations within the regulatory domain of the desatF gene