Clima de seguridad laboral y conductas de seguridad en una empresa de la industria del acero en el Perú

Busca aportar a la industria nacional una herramienta preventiva, probada en una empresa de la industria del acero en Perú y que permita a las organizaciones conocer las percepciones de los trabajadores respecto a su entorno laboral y cómo influye en sus conductas de seguridad. Las variables utilizadas en la presente investigación son el Clima de Seguridad Laboral (CLS) y las Conductas de seguridad (COS). Se verificó la fiabilidad y validez de los constructos de medición tanto para el clima de seguridad laboral, como para las conductas de seguridad y sus dimensiones, cumplimiento de seguridad y participación en la seguridad, mediante los estadísticos alfa de Cronbach, índice de fiabilidad compuesta (IFC), varianza media extraída (AVE). Para abordar las relaciones causales se ha recurrido al modelo de ecuaciones estructurales aplicando la técnica de mínimos cuadrados parciales. Los principales resultados obtenidos son que el clima de seguridad laboral es perfectamente definible y, por tanto, medible en organizaciones industriales como la aplicada en la presente investigación. El CLS tiene influencia positiva y significativa sobre las COS y también directa y positivamente sobre el cumplimiento de la seguridad (CUS) y participación en la seguridad (PAS). Adicionalmente, se hizo el análisis descriptivo de las variables socio-laborales y su relación con el clima de seguridad laboral y las conductas de seguridad.Tesi

Herramienta interactiva en la comprensión del límite de una función

El propósito del trabajo es dar a conocer las bondades que tiene el uso de las tecnologías a través de la interactividad. Para ello, se realizó un estudio correlacional con un diseño cuasi-experimental con pre test y post test. Además se tuvo una población de 45 estudiantes que cursaban la asignatura de matemáticas II distribuidos en dos grupos. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student para verificar si existía diferencia entre el grupo experimental y de control sobre el grado de comprensión del límite de forma gráfica. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se pudo constatar que existe diferencia estadística significativa entre los grupos (experimental y control), lo cual indica que la herramienta interactiva ayuda a la compresión del límite de una función. Por otra parte, fue considerada por los estudiantes como atractiva y educativa, esto pone en manifiesto que el uso de las tecnologías en la educación matemática puede potenciar la comprensión de los conceptos y algoritmos matemáticos de forma interactiva

Wetting phenomenon in the liquid-vapor phase coexistence of a partially miscible Lennard-Jones binary mixture

We have carried out extensive equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the structure and the interfacial properties in the liquid-vapor (LV) phase coexistence of partially miscible binary Lennard-Jones (LJ) mixtures. By analyzing the structural properties as a function of the miscibility parameter, $\alpha$, we found that at relatively low temperatures the system separates forming a liquid A-liquid B interface in coexistence with the vapor phase. At higher temperatures and, $0<\alpha\leq 0.5$, we found a temperature range, $T^{*}_{w}(\alpha) \leq T^{*} < T^{*}_{cons}(\alpha)$, where the liquid phases are wet by the vapor phase. Here, $T^{*}_{w}(\alpha)$ represents the wetting transition temperature (WTT) and $T^{*}_{cons}(\alpha)$ is the consolute temperature of the mixture. However, for $0.5< \alpha < 1$, no wetting phenomenon occurs. For the particular value, $\alpha=0.25$, we analyzed quantitatively the $T^{*}$ versus $\rho^{*}$, and $P^{*}$ versus $T^{*}$ phase diagrams and found, $T^{*}_{c}\simeq 1.25$, and $T^{*}_{cons}\simeq1.25$. We also studied quantitatively, as a function of temperature, the surface tension and the adsorption of molecules at the liquid-liquid interface. It was found that the adsorption shows a jump from a finite negative value up to minus infinity, when the vapor wets the liquid phases, suggesting that the wetting transition (WT) is of first order. The calculated phase diagram together with the wetting phenomenon strongly suggest the existence of a tricritical point. These results agree well with some experiments carried out in fluid binary mixtures.Comment: Enlarged version that include results of more extensive simulations. A total of 24 LaTeX pages that include 12 encapsulated poscript figures. To appear in PRE, Vol. 70, issue Sept. 1st (2004

EL video tutorial como alternativa didáctica en el área de matemáticas

La elaboración de los videos tutoriales pretende facilitar el acceso de estudiantes a la información sobre todo tipo material. Como alternativa a esta situación que viven los estudiantes, donde la materia de matemáticas es uno de los temas más complicados, teniendo que aprobar la materia hasta la última oportunidad, el video tutorial es una oportunidad de elevar la calidad del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y desarrollar las competencias de los estudiantes, permitiéndole realizar consultas sobre las dudas que tenga desde la comodidad de su casa, seguir paso a paso la solución de una situación problema, haciendo al estudiante el actor principal, así como también propiciar una práctica docente reflexiva, significativa y situacional, logrando de esta manera un cambio en los modelos de enseñanza y evaluación

From academic to media capital: To what extent does the scientific reputation of universities translate into Wikipedia attention?

Wenceslao Arroyo-Machado is supported by a FPU Grant (FPU18/05835) from the Spanish Ministry of Universities and acknowledges funding from a project by MCIN (PID2019-109127RB-I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033). Adrián A. Díaz-Faes acknowledges research project PID2020-112837RJ-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Rodrigo Costas is partially funded by the South African DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Scientometrics and Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (SciSTIP). A draft version of this paper was presented at the 26th STI Conference (Granada,2022). We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).Universities face increasing demands to improve their visibility, public outreach, and online presence. There is a broad consensus that scientific reputation significantly increases the attention universities receive. However, in most cases estimates of scientific reputation are based on composite or weighted indicators and absolute positions in university rankings. In this study, we adopt a more granular approach to assessment of universities' scientific performance using a multidimensional set of indicators from the Leiden Ranking and testing their individual effects on university Wikipedia page views. We distinguish between international and local attention and find a positive association between research performance and Wikipedia attention which holds for regions and linguistic areas. Additional analysis shows that productivity, scientific impact, and international collaboration have a curvilinear effect on universities' Wikipedia attention. This finding suggests that there may be other factors than scientific reputation driving the general public's interest in universities. Our study adds to a growing stream of work which views altmetrics as tools to deepen science–society interactions rather than direct measures of impact and recognition of scientific outputs.Spanish Ministry of Universities FPU18/05835MCIN: PID2019-109127RB-I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2020-112837RJ-I00South African DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Scientometrics and Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (SciSTIP)CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiativ

From academic to media capital: To what extent does the scientific reputation of universities translate into Wikipedia attention?

Universities face increasing demands to improve their visibility, public outreach, and online presence. There is a broad consensus that scientific reputation significantly increases the attention universities receive. However, in most cases estimates of scientific reputation are based on composite or weighted indicators and absolute positions in university rankings. In this study, we adopt a more granular approach to assessment of universities' scientific performance using a multidimensional set of indicators from the Leiden Ranking and testing their individual effects on university Wikipedia page views. We distinguish between international and local attention and find a positive association between research performance and Wikipedia attention which holds for regions and linguistic areas. Additional analysis shows that productivity, scientific impact, and international collaboration have a curvilinear effect on universities' Wikipedia attention. This finding suggests that there may be other factors than scientific reputation driving the general public's interest in universities. Our study adds to a growing stream of work which views altmetrics as tools to deepen science-society interactions rather than direct measures of impact and recognition of scientific outputs

Connecting the Dots in Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence: From AI Principles, Ethics, and Key Requirements to Responsible AI Systems and Regulation

Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI) is based on seven technical requirements sustained over three main pillars that should be met throughout the system's entire life cycle: it should be (1) lawful, (2) ethical, and (3) robust, both from a technical and a social perspective. However, attaining truly trustworthy AI concerns a wider vision that comprises the trustworthiness of all processes and actors that are part of the system's life cycle, and considers previous aspects from different lenses. A more holistic vision contemplates four essential axes: the global principles for ethical use and development of AI-based systems, a philosophical take on AI ethics, a risk-based approach to AI regulation, and the mentioned pillars and requirements. The seven requirements (human agency and oversight; robustness and safety; privacy and data governance; transparency; diversity, non-discrimination and fairness; societal and environmental wellbeing; and accountability) are analyzed from a triple perspective: What each requirement for trustworthy AI is, Why it is needed, and How each requirement can be implemented in practice. On the other hand, a practical approach to implement trustworthy AI systems allows defining the concept of responsibility of AI-based systems facing the law, through a given auditing process. Therefore, a responsible AI system is the resulting notion we introduce in this work, and a concept of utmost necessity that can be realized through auditing processes, subject to the challenges posed by the use of regulatory sandboxes. Our multidisciplinary vision of trustworthy AI culminates in a debate on the diverging views published lately about the future of AI. Our reflections in this matter conclude that regulation is a key for reaching a consensus among these views, and that trustworthy and responsible AI systems will be crucial for the present and future of our society.Comment: 30 pages, 5 figures, under second revie

Implementación de buenas prácticas agrícolas en cultivos de cacao Theobroma cacao L. como estrategia para prevenir la presencia de cadmio en la cadena cacaotera

Manual de buenas prácticas que se deben ejecutar en cultivos de cacao Theobroma Cacao L. en el que se orienta al productor como aplicar los recursos de la finca evitando problemas asociados a la contaminación del alimento por metales pesados.Manual of good practices that should be carried out in cocoa crops Theobroma Cacao L. in which the producer is guided as to apply the resources of the farm avoiding problems associated with contamination of the food by heavy metals.Presentación -- El cultivo de cacao en Colombia -- Qué son las buenas prácticas agrícolas (BPA) -- Qué es el cadmio -- Efectos del cadmio sobre la salud humana -- Origen de cadmio en los suelos -- Factores Naturales -- Material de origen del suelo -- Factores Humanos -- Quema de basuras -- La aplicación indiscriminada de agroquímicos -- Arrojar pilas y baterías usadas al suelo -- Como prevenir la presencia de cadmio en los suelos -- Como corregir los niveles altos de cadmio en el suelo -- Corrección del pH del suelo -- Como tomar una buena muestra de suelo -- Recomendaciones finales para la toma de la muestra -- Adición de materia orgánica -- Compost -- Lombricompuesto -- Abono tipo Bocashi -- Fito-remediaciónna38 página

Health literacy of patients on oral anticoagulation treatment- individual and social determinants and effect on health and treatment outcomes

Background Assessment health literacy in people with cardiovascular health problems would facilitate the development of appropriate health strategies for the care and reduction of complications associated with oral anticoagulation therapy. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between health literacy and health and treatment outcomes (concordance with oral anticoagulants, Normalized Ratio control and occurrence of complications) in patients with cardiovascular pathology. Methods Observational, analytic and cross-sectional study carried out on 252 patients with cardiovascular pathology (atrial fibrillation, flutter or valve prosthesis), aged 50-85 years, accessing primary care services in Valencia (Spain) in 2018-2019. Variables referring to anticoagulant treatment with vitamin K antagonists (years of treatment, adequate control, polypharmacy and occurrence of complications, among others) and health literacy (Health Literacy Questionnaire) were analysed. Results All dimensions of health literacy were significantly related to the level of education (p < 0.02), social class (p < 0.02), an adequate control of acenocoumarol (p < 0.001), frequentation of health services (p < 0.001), information by patients to health professionals about anticoagulant treatment (p < 0.03), emergency care visits (p < 0.001) and unscheduled hospital admissions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Health literacy has a relevant influence on the adequate self-management of anticoagulation treatment and the frequency of complications. The different dimensions that comprise health literacy play an important role, but the 'social health support' dimension seems to be essential for such optimal self-management. Trial registration ACC-ACE-2016-01. Registration date: December 2015