Concept of Household Waste in Environmental Pollution Prevention Efforts

Background : Waste is materials that are not used anymore which is the rest of human activities result including household, industrial, and mining. At a certain concentration, the presence of the waste can have a negative impact on the environment and on human health, so we need a proper handling for the waste. Household waste is waste from the kitchen, bathroom, laundry, house hold waste and industrial former human waste. Household waste that is over and it is not overcome is very potential to pollute and poison the environment. Household sewage treatment aims to prevent pollution of the environment that can affect human health. Method : This paper is the literature study from various our related. Result : Solid waste originating from household waste includes waste organic and inorganic waste. Waste treatment consists of three types, they are physical processing, chemical processing, and biological treatment. Environmental pollution caused by household waste has covered all the elements of air, water, and soil. Conclusion : a good Household sewage treatment is indispensable to avoid environmental pollution. Therefore a good processing of household waste is adapted to the type of household waste generated

Hubungan Faktor Pejamu terhadap Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru : Literatur Review

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang merupakan penyebab utama kesehatan yang buruk dan salah satu penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Angka kejadian TB di Indonesia menduduki urutan kedua tertinggi di dunia. Penularan TB dapat disebabkan karena perilaku yang kurang seperti tidak menutup mulut saat batuk, bersin, berbicara, meludah, atau mengeluarkan dahak secara sembarangan, sehingga mereka memercikkan kuman TB atau bacilli ke udara. Tujuan dari studi ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor pejamu terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review. Database artikel yang digunakan berasal dari Crossref, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar dan Pubmed. Artikel penelitian dipilih dari tahun 2016-2022. Sampel dari penelitian ini didapatkan 11 artikel terkait factor pejamu terhadap kejadian tuberculosis paru. Variabel yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis yaitu variabel umur sebanyak 3 artikel, variabel jenis kelamin sebanyak 2 artikel, variabel pengetahuan 4 artikel, variabel sikap sebanyak 2 artikel, dan variabel perilaku sebanyak 5 artikel. Peneliti berharap hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai rujukan dalam peningkatan pelayanan keperawatan sehingga dapat dilakukan pencegahan terlebih dini

STUDI LITERATUR TENTANG PENINGKATAN MANAJEMEN MUTU PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT INDONESIA

Pendahuluan: Rumah sakit berfungsi sebagai sumber rujukan utama untuk perawatan kesehatan, terutama ketika menyangkut masalah penyembuhan dan rehabilitasi kesehatan pribadi.Kemampuan rumah sakit dalam memberikan perawatan berkualitas tinggi yang memuaskan pasien merupakan salah satu tuntutan kesehatan konsumen.Tujuannya adalah untuk mengoptimalkan penyelenggaraan pelayanan kesehatan sesuai dengan standar pelayanan kesehatan yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan manajemen mutu pelayanan sebagai suatu proses.Metode: metodologi yang digunakan literature review, dan melibatkan sejumlah kegiatan yang melibatkan pengumpulan data perpustakaan tentang peningkatan manajemen mutu pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit.Hasil dan Pembahasan: Dalam bisnis atau aktivitas apa pun yang menyediakan layanan, layanan pelanggan adalah rahasia kesuksesan. Jika konsumen senang, penyedia layanan mengharapkan umpan balik dalam bentuk keinginan pelanggan untuk menyatakan minat dalam merekomendasikan penyedia layanan kepada orang lain untuk menyebarkan berita tentang pengalaman positif dan menarik klien baru.Kesimpulan:Meliputi Peningkatan Akreditasi Rumah Sakit, Sistem Manajemen Mutu yang Sesuai dengan ISO 9001:2015, Pelaksanaan Manajemen Pelayanan Peserta BPJS Kesehatan, Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit (SIM-RS) harus ditingkatkan, Total Quality Management (TQM) dalam Layanan Rumah Sakit: Analisis, Manajemen data adalah kebutuhan layanan minimum rumah sakit

Upaya Perubahan Perilaku Dalam Pencegahan Stunting

Stunting has become a global health phenomenon that occurs in several countries around the world. The problem of stunted linear growth during the first 1,000 days of an infant's life has garnered much attention. Many studies have been conducted to eliminate the high prevalence of stunting. The government has decided to overcome this infant health problem by appointing several target. The National Strategy Plans to Accelerate Stunting Prevention have been carried out by prioritising the interventions of sensitive nutrition. Some interventions are being worked on including behaviour change. This intervention is in line with the 5 pillars of stunting prevention: the national campaign and change of behaviour. The behaviour change will be carried out deeply to discover some reasons that motivate the change of behaviour, clean water and latrines sanitation, exclusive breastfeeding, food parenting, health workers, posyandu cadres and stake holders. Behaviour change in a community will encounter many obstacles due to economic, traditional and sociocultural differences. This implicity means that the role of posyandu cadres among the communities is needed. Improving the function and activeness of posyandu cadres is an urgent step that must be taken immediately. Because no matter how many health workers are deployed in the field, they will not be able to get rid of the role of posyandu cadres who daily deal directly with the community and live in it and understand the sociocultural ins and outs of the community in their area of responsibility. Posyandu cadres are also part of an activity that includes many things that affect their performance and activity. The following article is a systematic review to look for behaviour change efforts that should be carried out immediately in the prevention of stunting

Implementation of Fire Safety Management System at Dr. Sobirin Hospital District of Musi Rawas 2013

Background : Hospital has high risk to make victim when fire occure. Beside that, it also effect to building, activity proccess, social impact and hospital imageThis is because hospital keep flammable objects where most of inhabitants are disable patients that they need help when evacuation. The aim of this research is to know the fire safety management system at Dr. Sobirin Hospital district of Musi Rawas. Method : This research used the qualitative approach. Informants in this study consisted of eight informants from Hospital Health and Safety Committee which was representative with each sector in hospital. Method of collecting information through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), observation and review documents. Data and content analysis is presented in matrix and narratives. Result : Management policy have been socialized to all employees through the training. Fire hazard identification haven\u27t been documented well. Fire prevention and control programme also have been started. The Organization have formed the Committee of safety, fire and disaster precautions with a clear job description. Training haven\u27t done routinely. Means of fire protection was still relying Fire Extinguisher. Inspection and maintenance process have been carried out routinely. Fire emergency response was prepared by creating standard operational procedure (SOP) and special diagram when fires break out. Reporting system haven\u27t be done although already it have procedure and report formats. Audit fires already done internally and not routine. Conclusion : Fire safety management system has been implemented in hospital. But still need some improvement in policy sociliazation to patients, routine training, additional protection devices, recording and documenting any activity and incident, and management evaluation

Determinantanalysis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (Cts) in the Farmers Tapper Rubber Trees at Karang Manik Village South Sumatera

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a disorder that caused by entrapment of medianus nerve in the carpal tunnel at wrist with principal symptom of tingling and the pains that spread into fingers and the hand that is innervated by the nerves medianus, accompanied think benumbed, was muscular weakness, rigidity and the possibility of muscle atrophy. Research conducted in Purbalingga showed 47.2 % of the respondents experienced two to five complaints scene Carpal Bone Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). The purpose of this research analyze determinan scene Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) the farmers tappers trees at Karang Manik village. Methods: Design study in this research was cross-sectional with total sample101 farmers tappers rubber trees. Technique sampling in this study is Proportional Stratified Random Sampling that consider inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was obtained by questionnaire interviews and observations. The study was conducted in the Karang Manik village of OKU Timur. Result: Significant relationship between the gender (p=0,011), working period (p=0,020), work duration (p=0,013) posture hand (p=0,017), and the repetitive motion (p=0,036) with the incidence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). While ages (p=0,057) have no meaningful relationship with the incidence of CTS. Conclusion: Respondents who experienced complaints CTS the farmers tappers rubber trees showed 68 (67,3 %) respondents, to avoid complaints scene CTS, suggested farmers do break regular, do sports hands with stretching on the wrist

Risk Factor Analysis of Acute Respiratory Infection on Children Under Five Years Old in Tanjung Pering Village Ogan Ilir

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a main cause of morbidity and mortality disease infection on children under five years old especially for developing country. Tanjung Pering Village is a village in Ogan Ilir Regency where still many houses which is not fulfilled the health requirement. The unfulfilled health requirement of physical house environment and indoor air pollution were expected become the risk facor of acute respiratory infection on children under five years old in Tanjung Pering Village. The purpose of this research was to analyze the risk factor of acute respiratory infection on children under five years old in Tanjung Pering Village Ogan Ilir Regency 2014. This research used cross-sectional design. The research was conduct in Tanjung Pering Village Ogan Ilir Regency. Population of this study were all children under five years old who lived in Tanjung Pering Village 2014. Whereas the sample were 60 toddlers which was taken using simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was performed with univariate and bivariate analysis. Statistical test used chi-square test for bivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis result showed that variable which associated statstically with acute respiratory infection incidence on children under five years old were the type of wall (p-value = 0,023) and the type of floor (p-value = 0,045).Whereas nutritional status (p-value = 1,000); exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0,673); bedroom density (p-value = 0,312); ventilation condition in the morning/afternoon (p-value = 0,526); the type of roof (p-value = 1,000); the type of cooking fuel (p-value = 1,000); smoking habit in the house (p-value = 0,262); and immunization status (p-value = 0,389) had not associated statstically with acute respiratory infection incidence on children under five years old. Itis concluded that the type of wall and the type of floor have significant correlation with acute respiratory infection incidence on children under five years old in this research.Suggestion for this research are cleaning house and floor routinely everyday, repair the hole/broken walls and floors and also improve the communit

Association Between Housing Sanitation with the Axistence of Aedes SP. Larvae in Working Area of Public Health Center of Kutaraya Kayu Agung

Background: The problems lies not in spite of the sanitary residence neighborhood into a place or source of sanitation issues. The sanitation problems as the density of larvae that are in the environment around the house. The aim of this study was to analyze association between housing sanitation with the axistence of Aedes sp. larvae in working area of Public Health Center of Kutaraya, Kayu Agung. Method: This study used a cross-sectional design, this study population was a entire house or building which is located in Public Health Center of Kutaraya. The sample amounted to 101 homes and buildings calculated with formula hypothesis test two proportions. Sampling by cluster random sampling technique. The collecting data used questionnaires and checklist. Data analysis was univariate, bivariate analysis using chi square test and Fisher Exact.Result: Data analysis was perfomend by bivariate was a correlation between the presence of second-hand goods with larvae density ρ-value (0.001), the presence of water tanks/containers with larvae density by ρ-value (0.000) and there was a correlation between the presence of clothing hanging at a density larvae Aedes sp. with ρ-value (0.002). DF value at level 6 and 7, HI 43% and BI 72%.Conclusion: Variables related to the density of larvae Aedes sp. namely the existence of thrift, the presence of water tanks/containers and the existence of clothes hanging. We recommend to research include keeping and attention environmental sanitation in order to avoid transmitting dengue mosquito breeding sites so as to reduce the number population mosquitoes

Faktor Risiko Lingkungan dan Perilaku yang Berkaitan dengan Kejadian Malaria di Pangkalbalam Pangkalpinang

Background: Area of Pangkalpinang health center was an endemic area of malaria which had a fluctuative annual malaria incidence (AMI) from the year of 2004 to 2007 with AMI for each year was about 33,45 ‰; 39,29 ‰; 23,96 ‰; and 24,51 ‰. These condition might be related to environmental and behavioral factors. This research aimed to analyze environmental and behavioral factors in relation to malaria incidence in Pangkalbalam Pangkalpinang. Method: It was an observational research using case-control design. The subjects of the research were divided into two groups, namely cases (68 subjects) and control (68 subjects). Cases were defined and based on the positive blood examination of plasmodium, and controls were the negative blood examination. Behavioral factors measured in this research consisted of the night going out habit, mosquito coil USAge, bed net USAge, and traveling history to another endemic area of malaria. Environmental factors observed was the existence of ventilation screen, vegetation around the house, characteristic and condition of wall, ceiling, and water bodies around the house. Data would be analyzed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression analysis at 5% level of significance. Result: The result showed that the climate in Pangkalpinang city supported the development and survival of mosquitoes as malaria vector. The mean of temperature was 24,90C, humidity 83%, rainfall 213,4 mm, and wind speed was 3,0 m/s. There were 4 variables as potential factors contributing malaria incidence based on the bivariate analysis, but only 3 variables as risk factors contributing to malaria incidence by multiple logistic regression: the night going out habit, traveling history to another endemic area of malaria, and the existence of water bodies around the house which each Odds Ratio of 3,454; 3,901; and 3,446. Conclusion: The habit of hanging out at night and traveling history to another endemic area of malaria were suggested as behavioral risk factors and the existence of water bodies or ponds around the house was suggested as environmental risk factor