291 research outputs found
Analysis of imatinib in bone marrow and plasma samples of chronic myeloid leukaemia patients using solid phase extraction LC-ESI-MS
The LC-ESI-MS was developed and validated for the analysis of imatinib in plasma and bone marrow samples using deuterated imatinib (D(8)-IM) as an internal standard. The biological samples were extracted using Strata-X-C SPE cartridges and separated on C<sub>8</sub> column (50 x 3 mm, 3 µm), and methanol: 0.1% formic acid (70:30) was delivered at the rate of 0.7 ml/min as a mobile phase. Imatinib was quantified in samples by monitoring the ions m/z 494.3 for imatinib and 502.3 for D<sub>8</sub>-imatinib on mass spectrometer. The method was linear in the concentration range of 1-1500 ng/250 µl in spiked human plasma samples and limit of quantification was 5 ng/mL. Inter-day and intra-day variations in spiked human plasma spiked with 50, 250 and 500 ng /mL were less than 3.16%. The repeatability and reproducibility and other parameters of the methods were also validated. The method was employed for the analysis of the imatinib in human plasma and bone marrow samples. The drug levels in bone marrow and plasma samples were correlated to the degree of cytogenetic response. No significant difference of imatinib level between blood and bone marrow in IM-treated patients dosed to steady state was observed
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Tests of a two-stage, axial-flow, two-phase turbine
A two-phase-flow turbine with two stages of axial-flow impulse rotors was tested with three different working-fluid mixtures at a shaft power of 30 kW. The turbine efficiency was 0.55 with nitrogen-and-water of 0.02 quality and 94 m/s velocity, 0.57 with Refrigerant 22 of 0.27 quality and 123 m/s velocity, and 0.30 with steam-and-water of 0.27 quality and 457 m/s velocity. The efficiencies with nitrogen-and-water and Refrigerant 22 were 86% of theoretical. At that fraction of theoretical, the efficiencies of optimized two-phase turbines would be in the low 60% range with organic working fluids and in the mid 50% range with steam-and-water. The recommended turbine design is a two-stage axial-flow impulse turbine followed by a rotary separator for discharge of separate liquid and gas streams and recovery of liquid pressure
Wavelet entropy and fractional Brownian motion time series
We study the functional link between the Hurst parameter and the Normalized
Total Wavelet Entropy when analyzing fractional Brownian motion (fBm) time
series--these series are synthetically generated. Both quantifiers are mainly
used to identify fractional Brownian motion processes (Fractals 12 (2004) 223).
The aim of this work is understand the differences in the information obtained
from them, if any.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Physica A for considering its
publicatio
Partial Dynamical SU(3) Symmetry and the Nature of the Lowest K=0 Collective Excitation in Deformed Nuclei
We discuss the implications of partial dynamical SU(3) symmetry (PDS) for the
structure of the lowest K=0^{+} (K=0_2) collective excitation in deformed
nuclei. We consider an interacting boson model Hamiltonian whose ground and
gamma bands have good SU(3) symmetry while the K=0_2 band is mixed. It is shown
that the double-phonon components in the K=0_2 wave function arise from SU(3)
admixtures which, in turn, can be determined from absolute E2 rates connecting
the K=0_2 and ground bands. An explicit expression is derived for these
admixtures in terms of the ratio of K=0_2 and gamma bandhead energies. The
SU(3) PDS predictions are compared with existing data and with broken-SU(3)
calculations for ^{168}Er.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure
Wavelet entropy of stochastic processes
We compare two different definitions for the wavelet entropy associated to
stochastic processes. The first one, the Normalized Total Wavelet Entropy
(NTWS) family [Phys. Rev. E 57 (1998) 932; J. Neuroscience Method 105 (2001)
65; Physica A (2005) in press] and a second introduced by Tavares and Lucena
[Physica A 357 (2005)~71]. In order to understand their advantages and
disadvantages, exact results obtained for fractional Gaussian noise (-1<alpha<
1) and the fractional Brownian motion (1 < alpha < 3) are assessed. We find out
that NTWS family performs better as a characterization method for these
stochastic processes.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physica
Orbital and spin contributions to the -tensors in metal nanoparticles
We present a theoretical study of the mesoscopic fluctuations of -tensors
in a metal nanoparticle. The calculations were performed using a semi-realistic
tight-binding model, which contains both spin and orbital contributions to the
-tensors. The results depend on the product of the spin-orbit scattering
time and the mean-level spacing , but are
otherwise weakly affected by the specific shape of a {\it generic}
nanoparticle. We find that the spin contribution to the -tensors agrees with
Random Matrix Theory (RMT) predictions. On the other hand, in the strong
spin-orbit coupling limit , the
orbital contribution depends crucially on the space character of the
quasi-particle wavefunctions: it levels off at a small value for states of
character but is strongly enhanced for states of character. Our numerical
results demonstrate that when orbital coupling to the field is included, RMT
predictions overestimate the typical -factor of orbitals that have dominant
-character. This finding points to a possible source of the puzzling
discrepancy between theory and experiment.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review
Changes in muscle activation following balance and technique training and a season of Australian football
Objectives: Determine if balance and technique training implemented adjunct to 1001 male Australian football playersâ training influenced the activation/strength of the muscles crossing the knee during pre-planned and unplanned sidestepping.
Design: Randomized Control Trial.
Methods: Each Australian football player participated in either 28 weeks of balance and technique training or âshamâ training. Twenty-eight Australian football players (balance and technique training, n = 12; âshamâ training, n = 16) completed biomechanical testing pre-to-post training. Peak knee moments and directed co-contraction ratios in three degrees of freedom, as well as total muscle activation were calculated during pre-planned and unplanned sidestepping.
Results: No significant differences in muscle activation/strength were observed between the âshamâ training and balance and technique training groups. Following a season of Australian football, knee extensor (p = 0.023) and semimembranosus (p = 0.006) muscle activation increased during both pre-planned sidestepping and unplanned sidestepping. Following a season of Australian football, total muscle activation was 30% lower and peak valgus knee moments 80% greater (p = 0.022) during unplanned sidestepping when compared with pre-planned sidestepping.
Conclusions: When implemented in a community level training environment, balance and technique training was not effective in changing the activation of the muscles crossing the knee during side stepping. Following a season of Australian football, players are better able to support both frontal and sagittal plane knee moments. When compared to pre-planned sidestepping, Australian football players may be at increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury during unplanned sidestepping in the latter half of an Australian football season
The product of a Petrine circle? A reassessment of the origin and character of 1 Peter
© 2002 SAGE PublicationsRecent studies of 1 Peter, especially by John Elliott, have sought to rescue the letter from its assimilation to the Pauline tradition and to establish the view, now widely held, that 1 Peter is the distinctive product of a Petrine circle. After examining the traditions in 1 Peter, both Pauline and non-Pauline, and the names in the letter (Silvanus, Mark and Peter), this essay argues that there is no substantial evidence, either inside or outside the letter, to support the view of 1 Peter as originating from a specifically Petrine group. It is much more plausibly seen as reflecting the consolidation of early Christian traditions in Roman Christianity. Despite the scholarly majority currently in its favour, the view of 1 Peter as the distinctive product of a Petrine tradition from a Petrine circle should therefore be rejected
Special fast diffusion with slow asymptotics. Entropy method and flow on a Riemannian manifold
We consider the asymptotic behaviour of positive solutions of the
fast diffusion equation
posed for x\in\RR^d, , with a precise value for the exponent
. The space dimension is so that , and even
for . This case had been left open in the general study \cite{BBDGV} since
it requires quite different functional analytic methods, due in particular to
the absence of a spectral gap for the operator generating the linearized
evolution.
The linearization of this flow is interpreted here as the heat flow of the
Laplace-Beltrami operator of a suitable Riemannian Manifold (\RR^d,{\bf g}),
with a metric which is conformal to the standard \RR^d metric.
Studying the pointwise heat kernel behaviour allows to prove {suitable
Gagliardo-Nirenberg} inequalities associated to the generator. Such
inequalities in turn allow to study the nonlinear evolution as well, and to
determine its asymptotics, which is identical to the one satisfied by the
linearization. In terms of the rescaled representation, which is a nonlinear
Fokker--Planck equation, the convergence rate turns out to be polynomial in
time. This result is in contrast with the known exponential decay of such
representation for all other values of .Comment: 37 page
A general assessment of environmental and biological features of Windermere and their susceptibility to change
Bassenthwaite (Lake) is one of the larger Cumbrian lakes, certainly one of the most distinctive, and of considerable conservation and amenity value. Although its shores lack sizeable settlements, its main inflow receives sewage effluent from a major tourist centre (Keswick) and is subject to episodic floods. These influences, the growing development of leisure activities at the lake (e.g. sailing, time-share units), and recent road-construction, have led to past appraisals of ecological impacts and lake management. The lake has not been the subject of intense and long-term ecological study, but much scattered information exists that is relevant to future management decisions. In the present Report, commissioned by North West Water, such information - published and unpublished - is surveyed. Especial attention is given to evidence bearing on susceptibility to change, affecting the lake environment and its biota or species of conservation interest. Extensive use has been made of the results of a recent (1986-7) seasonal survey by the FBA
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