Contrastive study of national and cultural specifics of names in sports slang (applied to Russian and English materials)

В статье рассматриваются лингвокультурные и страноведческие особенности ономастической лексики в спортивном жаргоне. В качестве материала выбран английский и русский языки. Всего изучено пять групп лексики, имеющей выраженную национально-культурную специфику: антропонимы, этнонимы, зоонимы, фитонимы, топонимы.The article deals with lingvocultural features of onomastic vocabulary in sports slang applied to the English and Russian languages. All in all, there have been studied five groups of words and phrases having a pointed national and cultural specifics, as personal names, ethnic names, animal names, plant names and place names

Raman Spectroscopy of Organic Semiconductors

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá využitím Ramanova mikrospektrometru ke studiu molekulární struktury organického polovodiče polyanilinu. Teoretická část práce popisuje na základě dostupné literatury shrnutí základů Ramanova rozptylu v klasickém přiblížení, poznatky o fyzikálních principech v Ramanově spektroskopie, metodách analýzy a k tomu potřebnou instrumentaci a vlastností tenkých vrstev organického polovodiče polyanilinu. Konkrétně je pak probírán moderní Renishaw inVia Qontor Ramanův mikrospektrometr a vysvětlen jeho princip činnosti. Praktická část je zaměřena na přípravě tenkých vrstev polyanilinu ve formě emeraldinové soli, které byly podrobně analyzovány provedením reálných laboratorních měření na Ramanově mikrospektrometru a třech různých excitačních laserů vlnových délek 830 nm, 633 nm, a 532 nm. Byla také provedena charakterizace pomocí AFM a SEM a změřeny základní elektrické vlastnosti vrstev.This bachelor thesis deals with the use of Raman microspectrometer to study the molecular structure of the organic semiconductor polyaniline. The theoretical part of the thesis describes, based on the available literature, a summary of the basics of Raman scattering in the classical approximation, knowledge of the physical principles in Raman spectroscopy, methods of analysis and the instrumentation required for this, and the properties of thin films of the organic semiconductor polyaniline. Specifically, the state-of-the-art Renishaw inVia Qontor Raman microspectrometer is then discussed and its operating principles explained. The practical part focuses on the preparation of thin films of polyaniline in the form of emeraldine salt, which were analyzed in detail by performing real laboratory measurements on a Raman microspectrometer and three different excitation lasers of wavelengths 830 nm, 633 nm, and 532 nm. AFM and SEM characterization was also performed and the basic electrical properties of the layers were measured

Magnetic-field and current-density distributions in thin-film superconducting rings and disks

We show how to calculate the magnetic-field and sheet-current distributions for a thin-film superconducting annular ring (inner radius a, outer radius b, and thickness d<<a) when either the penetration depth obeys lambda < d/2 or, if lambda > d/2, the two-dimensional screening length obeys Lambda = 2 lambda^2/d << a for the following cases: (a) magnetic flux trapped in the hole in the absence of an applied magnetic field, (b) zero magnetic flux in the hole when the ring is subjected to an applied magnetic field, and (c) focusing of magnetic flux into the hole when a magnetic field is applied but no net current flows around the ring. We use a similar method to calculate the magnetic-field and sheet-current distributions and magnetization loops for a thin, bulk-pinning-free superconducting disk (radius b) containing a dome of magnetic flux of radius a when flux entry is impeded by a geometrical barrier.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figure

Single vortices observed as they enter NbSe2_2

We observe single vortices as they penetrate the edge of a superconductor using a high-sensitivity magneto-optical microscope. The vortices leap across a gap near the edge, a distance that decreases with increasing applied field and sample thickness. This behaviour can be explained by the combined effect of the geometrical barrier and bulk pinning.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, M2S-Rio proceeding

Mean field study of 2D quasiparticle condensate formation in non-Markovian regime

Bose-condensation in a system of 2D quasiparticles is considered in the scope of a microscopic model. Mean-field dynamical equations are derived with the help of the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. We show that the main features of condensate interaction with the reservoir of non-condensed particles may be captured by a simple memory term with an exponential kernel. By analysing stationary solutions of this equation, we obtain the phase diagram of quasiparticle gas, finding a bistability region in the parameter space of the system. Finally, as an application of our theory, we study the phase diagram of exciton-polariton condensate.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figure

Self-field effects upon the critical current density of flat superconducting strips

We develop a general theory to account self-consistently for self-field effects upon the average transport critical current density Jc of a flat type-II superconducting strip in the mixed state when the bulk pinning is characterized by a field-dependent depinning critical current density Jp(B), where B is the local magnetic flux density. We first consider the possibility of both bulk and edge-pinning contributions but conclude that bulk pinning dominates over geometrical edge-barrier effects in state-of-the-art YBCO films and prototype second-generation coated conductors. We apply our theory using the Kim model, JpK(B) = JpK(0)/(1+|B|/B0), as an example. We calculate Jc(Ba) as a function of a perpendicular applied magnetic induction Ba and show how Jc(Ba) is related to JpK(B). We find that Jc(Ba) is very nearly equal to JpK(Ba) when Ba > Ba*, where Ba* is the value of Ba that makes the net flux density zero at the strip's edge. However, Jc(Ba) is suppressed relative to JpK(Ba) at low fields when Ba < Ba*, with the largest suppression occurring when Ba*/B0 is of order unity or larger.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, minor revisions to add four reference