Migrânea com Aura, Qualidade de Vida e Tratamento: um relato de caso

A migrânea é uma cefaleia primária de etiologia multifatorial que acomete cerca de 15% da população. Afeta mais as mulheres do que os homens e gera um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida. A crise de cefaléia migranosa apresenta quatro fases: prodrômica, de aura, cefaléia e fase de recuperação. Um plano terapêutico para migrânea inclui tratamento agudo da crise para melhora da dor e do prejuízo funcional, e a terapia profilática de longo prazo para diminuir a frequência, a intensidade e a duração das crises. No presente trabalho, os autores correlacionaram o relato de caso de uma paciente do Hospital Universitário Sul Fluminense com a literatura atual

Planejamento Estratégico Situacional e Produção do Cuidado a partir da Integração Ensino, Serviço e Comunidade: um relato de experiência/ Situational Strategic Planning and Care Production from the Integration Teaching, Service and Community: an experience report

O presente estudo objetiva relatar a experiência de acadêmicos na construção e implementação de um projeto de intervenção baseado no Planejamento Estratégico Situacional. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido nas Estratégias Saúde da Família, em Belém-PA. O projeto foi implementado por acadêmicos de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Pará, no período de 2016 à 2018. As ações compreenderam quatro etapas: momento explicativo; normativo; estratégico e tático operacional. No processo de execução, foram empoderados cerca de 400 alunos da rede pública sobre prevenção de arboviroses transmitidas por Aedes Aegypti; redução de doenças infecto-parasitárias; sexualidade na adolescência e prevenção da gravidez; higiene corporal, alimentar e ambiental. Sensibilizou-se aproximadamente 120 usuários sobre hipertensão arterial e adesão ao tratamento; prevenção do acúmulo do lixo no território; prevenção de complicações do Diabetes Mellitus e da Hipertensão Arterial a partir de hábitos saudáveis. Vinte Agentes Comunitários de Saúde receberam educação permanente a respeito da busca ativa e prevenção de incapacidades causadas pela Hanseníase.  A relação serviço e comunidade associada à participação da universidade vêm fortalecer ainda mais os processos de educação em saúde e de educação permanente nas Estratégias, corroborando para melhores indicadores e para maior qualidade de vida da população

GC-MS Chemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Toxic Effects Using <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> Model of the Essential Oil of <i>Lantana montevidensis</i> (Spreng) Briq.

Background and objectives: Natural products such as essential oils with antioxidant potential can reduce the level of oxidative stress and prevent the oxidation of biomolecules. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant potential of Lantana montevidensis leaf essential oil (EOLM) in chemical and biological models using Drosophila melanogaster. Materials and methods: in addition, the chemical components of the oil were identified and quantified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the percentage compositions were obtained from electronic integration measurements using flame ionization detection (FID). Results: our results demonstrated that EOLM is rich in terpenes with Germacrene-D (31.27%) and &#946;-caryophyllene (28.15%) as the major components. EOLM (0.12&#8722;0.48 g/mL) was ineffective in scavenging DPPH radical, and chelating Fe(II), but showed reducing activity at 0.24 g/mL and 0.48 g/mL. In in vivo studies, exposure of D. melanogaster to EOLM (0.12&#8722;0.48 g/mL) for 5 h resulted in 10% mortality; no change in oxidative stress parameters such as total thiol, non-protein thiol, and malondialdehyde contents, in comparison to control (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: taken together, our results indicate EOLM may not be toxic at the concentrations tested, and thus may not be suitable for the development of new botanical insecticides, such as fumigants or spray-type control agents against Drosophila melanogaster

Neurolocomotor Behavior and Oxidative Stress Markers of Thiazole and Thiazolidinedione Derivatives against Nauphoeta cinerea

Thiazolidine compounds NJ20 {(E)-2-(2-(5-bromo-2-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)thiazole} and NW05 [(2-(benzo (d) (1,3) dioxol-4-ylmethylene)-N-(4-bromophenyl)-thiosemicarbazone] potentiated the effect of norfloxacin in resistant bacteria; however, there are no reports on their effects on Nauphoeta cinerea in the literature. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavioral effects and oxidative markers of NW05 and NJ20 in lobster cockroach N. cinerea. To evaluate the behavioral study, a video tracking software was used to evaluate the locomotor points and the exploratory profile of cockroaches in the horizontal and vertical regions of a new environment. The total concentration of thiol and reduced glutathione (GSH), substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), free iron (II) content and mitochondrial viability were determined. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by the DPPH method. Both substances induced changes in the behavior of cockroaches, showing a significant reduction in the total distance covered and in the speed. In the cell viability test (MTT), there was a significant reduction for NJ20 (1 mM). NJ20 caused a significant increase in total levels of thiol and non-protein thiol (NPSH), although it also slightly increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). Both compounds (NW05 and NJ20) caused a significant reduction in the content of free iron at a concentration of 10 mM. In conclusion, the compound NJ20 caused moderate neurotoxicity (1 mM), but had good antioxidant action, while NW05 did not show toxicity or significant antioxidant activity in the model organism tested. It is desirable to carry out complementary tests related to the antioxidant prospection of these same compounds, evaluating them at different concentrations

Paullinia cupana (Kunth) estimula padrões de comportamento e regula marcadores de estresse oxidativo em barata lagosta Nauphoeta cinerea

Paullinia cupana (Kunth), popularly known as guarana, is a plant species from the Amazon Region of Brazil that stands out for being one of the most promising herbal medicines of the Brazilian flora since it has relevant biological properties. However, studies are still needed to use this species as a direct approach to evaluate aspects related to behavior and oxidative stress in invertebrate model animals. In this context, we aimed to evaluate the stimulant and the antioxidant effects of P. cupana in lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea. For that, cockroaches were exposed to a diet separately supplemented by the decoction of P. cupana powder decoction at increasing concentrations of 1, 25, 50 and 100 mg/g for 42 days. Behavioral and biochemical assays were performed, respectively, to assess the locomotor/exploratory performance and oxidative stress marker levels of the cockroaches. They exhibited an outstanding increase in the locomotion performance and in the cell viability content, as well as in the protein and non-protein thiol levels. Moreover, there was a decrease in lipid peroxidation levels and in free Fe2+ ion contents. Together, our results demonstrate the stimulant and the antioxidant capacity of P. cupana by acting positively in behavioral patterns and by regulating oxidative stress markers in lobster cockroach N cinerea. These findings encourage further laboratory analyzes in order to better enlighten the specific mechanisms of action attributed to guarana.Paullinia cupana (Kunth), conocida popularmente como guaraná, es una especie de planta de la región amazónica de Brasil que se destaca por ser una de las fitoterapéuticas más prometedoras de la flora brasileña debido a que posee actividades biológicas relevantes. Sin embargo, aún se necesitan estudios que utilicen esta especie como un enfoque directo para evaluar aspectos relacionados con el comportamiento y el estrés oxidativo en animales modelo de invertebrados. En este contexto, nuestro objetivo fue evaluar los efectos estimulantes y antioxidantes de P. cupana en la cucaracha-langosta Nauphoeta cinerea. Para ello, las cucarachas fueron expuestas a una dieta suplementada por separado con decocción de P. cupana en concentraciones crecientes de 1, 25, 50 y 100 mg/g durante 42 días. Se realizaron ensayos de comportamiento y bioquímicos, respectivamente, para evaluar el desempeño locomotor/exploratorio de las cucarachas y los niveles de marcadores de estrés oxidativo. Las cucarachas exhibieron un aumento notable en el rendimiento de la locomoción y el contenido de viabilidad celular, así como en los niveles de tioles proteicos y no proteicos. Además, hubo una disminución en los niveles de peroxidación lipídica y en los niveles de iones Fe2+ libres. En conjunto, nuestros resultados demuestran la capacidad estimulante y antioxidante de P. cupana para actuar positivamente en los patrones de comportamiento y regular los marcadores de estrés oxidativo en la cucaracha-langosta N cinerea. Estos hallazgos alientan más análisis de laboratorio para aclarar mejor los mecanismos de acción específicos del guaraná.Paullinia cupana (Kunth), popularmente conhecida como guaraná, é uma espécie de planta da Região Amazônica do Brasil que se destaca por ser um dos fitoterápicos mais promissores da flora brasileira uma vez que apresenta atividades biológicas relevantes. No entanto, ainda são necessários estudos que utilizem esta espécie como uma abordagem direta para avaliar aspectos relacionados ao comportamento e estresse oxidativo em animais modelo invertebrados. Neste contexto, objetivamos avaliar os efeitos estimulante e antioxidante de P. cupana na barata-lagosta Nauphoeta cinerea. Para tanto, as baratas foram expostas a uma dieta suplementada separadamente pela decocção do pó de P. cupana em concentrações crescentes de 1, 25, 50 e 100 mg/g por 42 dias. Ensaios comportamentais e bioquímicos foram realizados, respectivamente, para avaliar o desempenho locomotor/exploratório das baratas e os níveis de marcadores de estresse oxidativo. As baratas exibiram um notável aumento no desempenho de locomoção e no conteúdo de viabilidade celular, bem como nos níveis de tiol proteico e não proteico. Além disso, houve uma diminuição nos níveis de peroxidação lipídica e nos teores de íons Fe2+ livres. Tomados em conjunto, nossos resultados demonstram a capacidade estimulante e antioxidante de P. cupana ao atuar positivamente em padrões comportamentais e ao regular os marcadores de estresse oxidativo em barata-lagosta N cinerea. Esses achados encorajam novas análises laboratoriais para melhor esclarecer os mecanismos específicos de ação atribuídos ao guaraná

HTLV-1/2 in Indigenous Peoples of the Brazilian Amazon: Seroprevalence, Molecular Characterization and Sociobehavioral Factors Related to Risk of Infection

HTLV-1/2 infection is endemic in Indigenous peoples of the Americas. Its origin is attributed to the migratory flow of Amerindian ancestral peoples. The present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection in Indigenous peoples of the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 3350 Indigenous people belonging to 15 communities were investigated. The investigation was performed using serological (ELISA), molecular (qPCR) and confirmatory (Western blot and/or Inno-Lia) tests to detect and differentiate the infection. The seroprevalence was 8.3% for HTLV-1/2 infection, with 0.1% of individuals seropositive for HTLV-1 and 8.1% for HTLV-2. The prevalence of infection was statistically higher in women (10.1%) than in men (6.5%) (p = 0.0002). This female predominance was observed in all age groups; in females the prevalence was significant from 41 years old (p p < 0.0001). Here, we present a prevalence of HTLV-1/2 among Indigenous peoples of the Brazilian Amazon. The endemic infection in these groups must reflect the different epidemiological profiles observed in these peoples, such as sexual transmission through rejection of condom use, breastfeeding, especially in cases of cross-breastfeeding, and the high rate of pregnancy in the villages

Erythrovirus B19 infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: screening by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization

Erythrovirus B19 infects erythrocytic progenitors, transiently interrupting erythropoiesis. In AIDS patients it causes chronic anemia amenable to treatment. We looked for evidences of B19 infection in stored bone marrow material from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Histological sections were made from stored paraffin blocks from 33 autopsies (39 blocks) and 35 biopsies (45 blocks, 30 patients) performed from 1988 to 2002. They were examined after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC), and in situ hybridization. HE revealed intra-nuclear inclusion bodies ("lantern cells") suggesting B19 infection in 19 sections corresponding to 19 of 63 patients examined with this test. Seven of 78 sections subjected to immunohistochemistry were positive, corresponding to 7 of 58 patients examined with this test. Fourteen sections corresponding to 13 of the 20 HE and/or IHC positive patients were subjected to in situ hybridization, with six positives results. Among the 13 patients subjected to the three techniques, only one gave unequivocal positive results in all and was considered a true positive. The frequency of B19 infection (1/63 patients) in the material examined can be deemed low