Cell wall functional activity and metal accumulation of halophytic plant species Plantago maritima and Triglochin maritima on the White Sea littoral zone (NW Russia)

The presented study supplements the knowledge on ion-exchange capacity, swelling capacity (elasticity) of the plant cell wall, and the accumulation of heavy metals in halophytic species Plantago maritima and Triglochin maritima in the tidal zone of the White Sea western coast. The littoral soils of the coastal territories are sandy or rocky-sandy, medium and slightly saline with poor content of organic substances, Mn, Zn, Ni, and Pb. Studied soils are considered as uncontaminated by heavy metals because they contain background amounts of Fe and Cu. Sea water is significantly polluted by Fe (3.8 MPC) and Ni (55 MPC), has poor content of Zn and Cu and background level of Pb and Mn. The coastal dominant plant species P. maritima and T. maritima were characterized by intensive metals accumulation which was reflected in the coefficient of biological absorption (CBA) of metal by a whole plant. For P. maritima the following metal accumulation series was obtained: Cu (3.29)> Zn (2.81)> Ni (1.57)> Pb (1.30)> Mn (1.21)> Fe (0.97), and for T. maritima: Ni (3.80)> Fe (2.08)> Cu (1.91)> Zn (1.84)> Pb (1.51)> Mn (1.31). Roots accumulated 50–70% of Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn of the total metal content in the plant while leaves and stems contained 30–50%. Fe was allocated mainly in the roots (80%). The ion-exchange capacity of the plant cell wall for P. maritima and T. maritima was established as follows correspondingly: 3570–3700 and 2710–3070 μmol g-1 dry cell weight per leaf; 2310–2350 and 1160–1250 μmol g-1 dry cell weight per root

Educational technologies as a means of developing students' independence

The current stage of development of society is characterized by the development of scientific and technological progress, the emergence of various innovative processes that affect the course of development of all spheres of life, including higher education. With the emergence of a competency-based approach and a corresponding change in educational goals, higher education institutions, fulfilling the requirements of the Federal state educational standards, should use innovative educational technologies in the preparation of students to form their professional competence. The purpose of the article is to consider the experience of implementing educational technologies as a tool for developing students' independence. The independence of the student is an integral part of the development of his competence. The article presents an examination of the concepts of “independence” and “educational technology” from various points of view. The dependence of independence on the use of innovative educational technologies in the educational process is traced. The stages of the process of organizing students' independent work using innovative educational technologies are highlighted. The presented study on identifying students' level of independence when studying the discipline “Teaching Technologies of the Teachers of the Past” allows us to conclude that students are more successful with the active implementation of educational technologies, since they make the process more active and creative, make the interaction process more efficient. The study was conducted over two years (in 2018 and 2019). We checked the level of independence of students before the introduction of innovative technologies in the study of the discipline "Technology of teaching teachers of the past" and after. The more often educational technologies are used in the educational process, the more students get used to independent work, the better it becomes. The use of educational technologies allows the formation of a highly educated competent specialist who independently and creatively solves professional problems

К ВОПРОСУ ОБ УПРАВЛЕНИИ СТОИМОСТЬЮ КОМПАНИИ В РАМКАХ КОНЦЕПЦИИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКОНОМИКИ

ARTICLE RETRACTED The article presents the study of identifying the impact of compliance with principles of sustainable development in the market value of the com-pany. The methods of determining the level of sustainable development of companies. The urgency of following the concept of sustainable develop-ment of enterprises. The method of determining the impact of sustainable development indicators in the reputational value of the company.СТАТЬЯ ОТОЗВАНАВ статье приводятся исследования, связан-ные с выявлением влия-ния соблюдения принципов устойчивого развития на рыноч-ную стои-мость компании. Рассмотрены способы определения уровня устойчивого развития компаний. Обоснована актуаль-ность следования концепции устойчивого развития предприятиями. Предложена ме-тодика определе-ния влияния показателей устойчивого развития на репутационную стои-мость компании

Materials of scientific and practical conference «Dietoogy In Practice Of Endocrinologist» at the VIII (XXV) Russian Diabetology Congress With International Participation «Diabetes Mellitus – XXIth Century Pandemia»

The scientific-practical conference Dietoogy In Practice Of Endocrinologist was held during the VIII Russian diabetology congress with international participation “Diabetes Mellitus – XXIth Century Pandemia”. It was chaired by Academician of RAS M.V. Shestakova (Moscow), Professors L.A. Ruyatkina (Novosibirsk ) and L.A. Suplotova (Tyumen). The expediency of this event was dictated by the necessity to create a unified national regulated guidelines for the diet therapy of obesity and associated diseases for the medical community and patients. The program of the meeting included a discussion about the formation of a healthy diet and its effect on the body, starting from the pregnant women, fetal development, the breastfeeding period, in the period of perimenopause and postmenopause, in the presence of concomitant pathology of heart and kidneys

The Influence of the Sorghum Grain Composition on the Efficiency of its Microbial Conversion to Ethanol and Lysine

Показана перспективность использования сахарного сорго в производстве спирта взамен традиционно применяемых зерновых культур пищевого назначения. Однако практически не исследованы вопросы комплексной биотехнологической переработки зернового сорго в этанол и кормовые белково-аминокислотные добавки. Цель работы состояла в изучении влияния особенностей состава полимеров зерна сорго на качество сусла, эффективность его сбраживания, выход спирта и синтез лизина. Объектами исследований являлись различные сорта зернового сорго, спиртовые дрожжи Sасcharomyces cerevisiae 985-Т и продуцент лизина Brevibacterium RCAM 01129. Сусло, приготовленное из зерна сорго с более высокой крахмалистостью, обладало хорошей экстрактивностью и содержало максимальное количество растворимых сухих и редуцирующих углеводов. Однако высокое содержание некрахмальных полисахаридов и белков отрицательно сказывалось на реологических свойствах сусла, вязкость которого повышалась на 20–30 %. Уровень синтеза этанола существенно зависел от качественных показателей сусла и от содержания в зерне основных полимеров. Так, результаты сбраживания сусла, приготовленного из зерна сорго с крахмалистостью порядка 72 %, но различающегося по содержанию других полимеров, показали, что более высокий уровень образования спирта отмечен в бражке из сортов с пониженным содержанием гемицеллюлозы. Наиболее низкая степень конверсии углеводов в этанол отмечена при сбраживании сусла, приготовленного из сорта сорго с содержанием гемицеллюлозы 8,3 %, несмотря на самую высокую его крахмалистость (75,6 %). При этом выход спирта со 100 г крахмала составил 64,3 см3, что на 3,3–3,6 % ниже аналогичных показателей в вариантах, где использовались сорта с более низким содержанием некрахмальных полисахаридов. На уровень синтеза лизина, так же как этанола, оказывало влияние содержание углеводных и белковых полимеров в исследуемых сортах сорго. Наибольший выход лизина (28,7 %) достигнут на питательных средах, приготовленных из сортов сорго с высоким содержанием крахмала (74,1 %) и белка (12,0 %), но пониженным – гемицеллюлоз (6,1 %). Представлена схема комплексного производства спирта и кормовой лизино-белковой добавки, в которой содержание белка в 1,8 раза, а лизина – в 36,5 раза выше, чем в зерновой бардеSugar sorghum has been extensively studied as a promising crop for the production of alcohol instead of traditionally used food crops. However, the issues of combined biotechnological processing of grain sorghum into ethanol and protein-amino acid feed supplements have hardly been investigated. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of the polymer composition of sorghum grain on the quality of wort, the efficiency of its fermentation, the yield of alcohol, and the synthesis of lysine. Different varieties of grain sorghum, alcohol yeast Sасcharomyces cerevisiae 985-Т, and lysine producer Brevibacterium RCAM 01129 were used in this study. The wort prepared from sorghum grain with higher starchiness had adequate extract content and contained the maximum amount of soluble dry and reducing carbohydrates. However, the high content of non-starch polysaccharides and proteins negatively affected the rheological properties of the wort, the viscosity of which increased by 20–30 %. The level of ethanol synthesis was essentially determined by the quality parameters of the wort and the content of the main polymers in the grain. Thus, the results of fermentation of wort prepared from sorghum grain with starch content of about 72 % but differing in the content of other polymers showed that the level of alcohol formation was higher in the brews of varieties with reduced hemicellulose content. The lowest degree of conversion of carbohydrates to ethanol was observed in the fermentation of wort prepared from sorghum with hemicellulose content of 8.3 %, despite its highest starchiness (75.6 %). At the same time, the yield of alcohol from 100 g of starch was 64.3 cm3, which was 3.3–3.6 % lower than where varieties with lower content of non-starch polysaccharides were used. The level of synthesis of lysine, as well as ethanol, was influenced by the content of carbohydrate and protein polymers in the sorghum varieties studied in this work. The highest lysine yield (28.7 %) was achieved on nutrient media prepared from sorghum varieties high in starch (74.1 %) and protein (12.0 %) but low in hemicellulose (6.1 %). A scheme of combined production of alcohol and lysine-protein feed supplements has been developed, in which the protein and lysine contents are higher by a factor of 1.8 and 36.5, respectively, compared to grain vinass

The population history of northeastern Siberia since the Pleistocene.

Northeastern Siberia has been inhabited by humans for more than 40,000 years but its deep population history remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the late Pleistocene population history of northeastern Siberia through analyses of 34 newly recovered ancient genomes that date to between 31,000 and 600 years ago. We document complex population dynamics during this period, including at least three major migration events: an initial peopling by a previously unknown Palaeolithic population of 'Ancient North Siberians' who are distantly related to early West Eurasian hunter-gatherers; the arrival of East Asian-related peoples, which gave rise to 'Ancient Palaeo-Siberians' who are closely related to contemporary communities from far-northeastern Siberia (such as the Koryaks), as well as Native Americans; and a Holocene migration of other East Asian-related peoples, who we name 'Neo-Siberians', and from whom many contemporary Siberians are descended. Each of these population expansions largely replaced the earlier inhabitants, and ultimately generated the mosaic genetic make-up of contemporary peoples who inhabit a vast area across northern Eurasia and the Americas

The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes

This is the final version. Available on open access from Nature Research via the DOI in this recordData availability: All collapsed and paired-end sequence data for samples sequenced in this study are available in compressed fastq format through the European Nucleotide Archive under accession number PRJEB44430, together with rescaled and trimmed bam sequence alignments against both the nuclear and mitochondrial horse reference genomes. Previously published ancient data used in this study are available under accession numbers PRJEB7537, PRJEB10098, PRJEB10854, PRJEB22390 and PRJEB31613, and detailed in Supplementary Table 1. The genomes of ten modern horses, publicly available, were also accessed as indicated in their corresponding original publications57,61,85-87.NOTE: see the published version available via the DOI in this record for the full list of authorsDomestication of horses fundamentally transformed long-range mobility and warfare. However, modern domesticated breeds do not descend from the earliest domestic horse lineage associated with archaeological evidence of bridling, milking and corralling at Botai, Central Asia around 3500 BC. Other longstanding candidate regions for horse domestication, such as Iberia and Anatolia, have also recently been challenged. Thus, the genetic, geographic and temporal origins of modern domestic horses have remained unknown. Here we pinpoint the Western Eurasian steppes, especially the lower Volga-Don region, as the homeland of modern domestic horses. Furthermore, we map the population changes accompanying domestication from 273 ancient horse genomes. This reveals that modern domestic horses ultimately replaced almost all other local populations as they expanded rapidly across Eurasia from about 2000 BC, synchronously with equestrian material culture, including Sintashta spoke-wheeled chariots. We find that equestrianism involved strong selection for critical locomotor and behavioural adaptations at the GSDMC and ZFPM1 genes. Our results reject the commonly held association between horseback riding and the massive expansion of Yamnaya steppe pastoralists into Europe around 3000 BC driving the spread of Indo-European languages. This contrasts with the scenario in Asia where Indo-Iranian languages, chariots and horses spread together, following the early second millennium BC Sintashta culture

Genomic traits of Klebsiella oxytoca DSM 29614, an uncommon metal-nanoparticle producer strain isolated from acid mine drainages

Abstract Background: Klebsiella oxytoca DSM 29614 - isolated from acid mine drainages - grows anaerobically using Fe(III)- citrate as sole carbon and energy source, unlike other enterobacteria and K. oxytoca clinical isolates. The DSM 29614 strain is multi metal resistant and produces metal nanoparticles that are embedded in its very peculiar capsular exopolysaccharide. These metal nanoparticles were effective as antimicrobial and anticancer compounds, chemical catalysts and nano-fertilizers. Results: The DSM 29614 strain genome was sequenced and analysed by a combination of in silico procedures. Comparative genomics, performed between 85 K. oxytoca representatives and K. oxytoca DSM 29614, revealed that this bacterial group has an open pangenome, characterized by a very small core genome (1009 genes, about 2%), a high fraction of unique (43,808 genes, about 87%) and accessory genes (5559 genes, about 11%). Proteins belonging to COG categories “Carbohydrate transport and metabolism” (G), “Amino acid transport and metabolism” (E), “Coenzyme transport and metabolism” (H), “Inorganic ion transport and metabolism” (P), and “membrane biogenesis-related proteins” (M) are particularly abundant in the predicted proteome of DSM 29614 strain. The results of a protein functional enrichment analysis - based on a previous proteomic analysis – revealed metabolic optimization during Fe(III)- citrate anaerobic utilization. In this growth condition, the observed high levels of Fe(II) may be due to different flavin metal reductases and siderophores as inferred form genome analysis. The presence of genes responsible for the synthesis of exopolysaccharide and for the tolerance to heavy metals was highlighted too. The inferred genomic insights were confirmed by a set of phenotypic tests showing specific metabolic capability in terms of i) Fe2+ and exopolysaccharide production and ii) phosphatase activity involved in precipitation of metal ion-phosphate salts. Conclusion: The K. oxytoca DSM 29614 unique capabilities of using Fe(III)-citrate as sole carbon and energy source in anaerobiosis and tolerating diverse metals coincides with the presence at the genomic level of specific genes that can support i) energy metabolism optimization, ii) cell protection by the biosynthesis of a peculiar exopolysaccharide armour entrapping metal ions and iii) general and metal-specific detoxifying activities by different proteins and metabolites

Riociguat treatment in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Final safety data from the EXPERT registry

Objective: The soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat is approved for the treatment of adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and inoperable or persistent/recurrent chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) following Phase

Proceedings of the 24th Paediatric Rheumatology European Society Congress: Part three

From Springer Nature via Jisc Publications Router.Publication status: PublishedHistory: collection 2017-09, epub 2017-09-0