Modeling of innovative energy technologies utilization of polymers

Розглянуто деякі особливості використання ТПВ на комплексному підприємстві, яке може забезпечувати всі свої енергетичні потреби самостійно. Дослідження спрямовані на вивчення таких питань, як розробка моделей утилізації-модифікації полімерної частини ТПВ або тари та пакування. При цьому враховувалися фактори вибору науково-обґрунтованих методів переробки та утилізації полімерів; розробку необхідних технологічних схем і устаткування для переробки полімерних відходів; вибір підприємств для реалізації утилізації полімерів і виду енергетичних ресурсів для реалізації цих проектних рішень.Some features of the possibilities of solving evidence-based problems of improving the use of wastes of different industries on a complex enterprise that can provide all its energy needs alone. The problem of wastes utilization and recycling is present as complex research and analysis of energy- and resource saving processes for treatment of polymer wastes of various origin. The research focused on the study of issues such as the development of models of waste-modifying polymer. The investigation are focused in researching such problems as selection of scientific based methods of wastes to be utilized or recycled; the development of appropriated process flow sheets and choice of modifications additives and equipment for polymers waste recycling. The choice of appropriate plants with selected energy resources is very important for projects realization

Underactuated Waypoint Trajectory Optimization for Light Painting Photography

Despite their abundance in robotics and nature, underactuated systems remain a challenge for control engineering. Trajectory optimization provides a generally applicable solution, however its efficiency strongly depends on the skill of the engineer to frame the problem in an optimizer-friendly way. This paper proposes a procedure that automates such problem reformulation for a class of tasks in which the desired trajectory is specified by a sequence of waypoints. The approach is based on introducing auxiliary optimization variables that represent waypoint activations. To validate the proposed method, a letter drawing task is set up where shapes traced by the tip of a rotary inverted pendulum are visualized using long exposure photography.Comment: Accepted for ICRA 2020 (International Conference on Robotics and Automation

Das Bodenbrüterprojekt im Freistaat Sachsen 2009–2013

Die Broschüre berichtet über Entwicklung und Erprobung nutzungsintegrierter Schutzmaßnahmen für gefährdete Vogelarten. Alle Maßnahmen sind grundsätzlich geeignet, die Bestände von Rebhuhn, Kiebitz und Feldlerche positiv zu beeinflussen. Die Akteure wurden für Belange des Artenschutzes sensibilisiert, ihre Zusammenarbeit gestärkt. Für Landwirte, Naturschützer, Jäger und Behörden stellt die Publikation eine Grundlage dar, um Schutzmaßnahmen umzusetzen

Underactuated Waypoint Trajectory Optimization for Light Painting Photography

Despite their abundance in robotics and nature, underactuated systems remain a challenge for control engineering. Trajectory optimization provides a generally applicable solution, however its efficiency strongly depends on the skill of the engineer to frame the problem in an optimizer-friendly way. This paper proposes a procedure that automates such problem reformulation for a class of tasks in which the desired trajectory is specified by a sequence of waypoints. The approach is based on introducing auxiliary optimization variables that represent waypoint activations. To validate the proposed method, a letter drawing task is set up where shapes traced by the tip of a rotary inverted pendulum are visualized using long exposure photography

MLPAinter for MLPA interpretation: An integrated approach for the analysis, visualisation and data management of Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification

Background: Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) is an application that can be used for the detection of multiple chromosomal aberrations in a single experiment. In one reaction, up to 50 different genomic sequences can be analysed. For a reliable work-flow, tools are needed for administrative support, data management, normalisation, visualisation, reporting and interpretation.Results: Here, we developed a data management system, MLPAInter for MLPA interpretation, that is windows executable and has a stand-alone database for monitoring and interpreting the MLPA data stream that is generated from the experimental setup to analysis, quality control and visualisation. A statistical approach is applied for the normalisation and analysis of large series of MLPA traces, making use of multiple control samples and internal controls.Conclusions: MLPAinter visualises MLPA data in plots with information about sample replicates, normalisation settings, and sample characteristics. This integrated approach helps in the automated handling of large series of MLPA data and guarantees a quick and streamlined dataflow from the beginning of an experiment to an authorised report

Orbit design for satellite swarm-based interferometric radiometers for super-resolution earth observation

Soil moisture and ocean salinity mapping by earth observation satellites has contributed significantly towards a better understanding of the earth’s climate and hydrosphere. Nevertheless, an increased spatial resolution of radiometric data could yield a more complete picture of global hydrological and climate processes. High-resolution radiometers, such as SMOS, have already approached prohibitive sizes for spacecraft due to the required large antenna apertures. Radiometer concepts based on satellites flying in close proximity have been proposed as a possible solution. Individual receivers placed on a large number of smaller satellites orbiting a central satellite would form a combined interferometric array. Recent technological progress in formation flying, satellite miniaturisation, inter-satellite links and data processing could make a future satellite swarm-based radiometer possible. The design of such a system requires a methodology which enables the determination of orbit parameters in a way that optimizes radiometer performance and ensures system feasibility. In the past, the optimization of interferometric array configurations has only aimed to optimize the image quality without taking into account system constraints, such as satellite collision risk, satellite fuel consumption and other feasibility considerations. This resulted in idealized array configurations that might put unrealistic constraints on the satellite system. A current research project of the DLR Microwaves and Radar Institute investigates methodologies for the orbit optimization of large satellite swarm-based interferometric radiometers regarding future earth observation radiometry missions. For this purpose a system simulator has been created for the study of radiometers based on a large number of spacecraft. First results have indicated that an approach based on statistical methods for the quantification of radiometer performance and the use of numeric optimization solvers can yield promising orbit configurations. This paper provides an overview of the optimization approach and first results in generating a feasible and performant satellite swarm configuration for interferometric radiometry purposes

Methylation of migraine-related genes in different tissues of the rat

17β-Estradiol, an epigenetic modulator, is involved in the increased prevalence of migraine in women. Together with the prophylactic efficacy of valproate, which influences DNA methylation and histone modification, this points to the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic studies are often performed on leukocytes, but it is unclear to what extent methylation is similar in other tissues. Therefore, we investigated methylation of migraine-related genes that might be epigenetically regulated (CGRP-ergic pathway, estrogen receptors, endothelial NOS, as well as MTHFR) in different migraine-related tissues and compared this to methylation in rat as well as human leukocytes. Further, we studied whether 17β-estradiol has a prominent role in methylation of these genes. Female rats (n = 35) were ovariectomized or shamoperated and treated with 17b-estradiol or placebo. DNA was isolated and methylation was assessed through bisulphite treatment and mass spectrometry. Human methylation data were obtained using the Illumina 450k genome-wide methylation array in 395 female subjects from a population-based cohort study. We showed that methylation of the Crcp, Calcrl, Esr1 and Nos3 genes is tissue-specific and that methylation in leukocytes was not correlated to that in other tissues. Interestingly, the interindividual variation in methylation differed considerably between genes and tissues. Furthermore we showed that methylation in human leukocytes was similar to that in rat leukocytes in our genes of interest, suggesting that rat may be a good model to study human DNA methylation in tissues that are difficult to obtain. In none of the genes a significant effect of estradiol treatment was observed

Detecting and Characterizing Young Quasars I: Systemic Redshifts and Proximity Zones Measurements

In a multi-wavelength survey of $13$ quasars at $5.8\lesssim z\lesssim6.5$, that were pre-selected to be potentially young, we find five objects with extremely small proximity zone sizes that may imply UV-luminous quasar lifetimes of $\lesssim 100,000$ years. Proximity zones are regions of enhanced transmitted flux in the vicinity of the quasars that are sensitive to the quasars' lifetimes because the intergalactic gas has a finite response time to their radiation. We combine sub-mm observations from the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) and the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA), as well as deep optical and near-infrared spectra from medium-resolution spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) and on the Keck telescopes, in order to identify and characterize these new young quasars, which provide valuable clues about the accretion behavior of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the early universe, and pose challenges on current black hole formation models to explain the rapid formation of billion solar mass black holes. We measure the quasars' systemic redshifts, black hole masses, Eddington ratios, emission line luminosities, and star formation rates of their host galaxies. Combined with previous results we estimate the fraction of young objects within the high-redshift quasar population at large to be $5\%\lesssim f_{\rm young}\lesssim 10\%$. One of the young objects, PSO J158-14, shows a very bright dust continuum flux ($F_{\rm cont}=3.46\pm 0.02\,\rm mJy$), indicating a highly star-bursting host galaxy with a star formation rate of approximately $1420\,M_{\odot}\,\rm yr^{-1}$.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

An 800-million-solar-mass black hole in a significantly neutral Universe at redshift 7.5

Quasars are the most luminous non-transient objects known and as a result they enable studies of the Universe at the earliest cosmic epochs. Despite extensive efforts, however, the quasar ULAS J1120+0641 at z=7.09 has remained the only one known at z>7 for more than half a decade. Here we report observations of the quasar ULAS J134208.10+092838.61 (hereafter J1342+0928) at redshift z=7.54. This quasar has a bolometric luminosity of 4e13 times the luminosity of the Sun and a black hole mass of 8e8 solar masses. The existence of this supermassive black hole when the Universe was only 690 million years old---just five percent of its current age---reinforces models of early black-hole growth that allow black holes with initial masses of more than about 1e4 solar masses or episodic hyper-Eddington accretion. We see strong evidence of absorption of the spectrum of the quasar redwards of the Lyman alpha emission line (the Gunn-Peterson damping wing), as would be expected if a significant amount (more than 10 per cent) of the hydrogen in the intergalactic medium surrounding J1342+0928 is neutral. We derive a significant fraction of neutral hydrogen, although the exact fraction depends on the modelling. However, even in our most conservative analysis we find a fraction of more than 0.33 (0.11) at 68 per cent (95 per cent) probability, indicating that we are probing well within the reionization epoch of the Universe.Comment: Updated to match the final journal versio