Συμμόρφωση παιδιών με σακχαρώδη διαβήτη στις υγιεινοδιαιτητικές συστάσεις

Εισαγωγή: Η συμμόρφωση των παιδιών και των εφήβων ΣΔ κυρίως τύπου Ι στην υγιεινοδιαιτηκή αγωγή είναι θέμα ιδιαίτερης σημασίας καθώς έχει συσχετιστεί με την καλή έκβαση της νόσου, την πρόληψη εμφάνισης επεισοδίων υπογλυκαιμίας και υπεργλυκαιμίας και την καλή ποιότητα ζωής . Σκοπός: Ο σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση, μετά από συστηματική σχετική με το θέμα βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση, του βαθμού συμμόρφωσης των παιδιών με σακχαρώδη διαβήτη στις υγιεινοδιαιτητικές συστάσεις. Υλικός και Μέθοδος: Αναζητήθηκαν ερευνητικές μελέτες σε μηχανές αναζήτησης επιστημονικής βιβλιογραφίας και οι λέξεις κλειδιά που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ήταν «nutritional intakes» «dietary adherence» «compliance with diet» «diet in diabetes type 1» Τα κριτήρια εισαγωγής των μελετών στην ανασκόπηση συμπεριλάμβαναν την δημοσίευση του άρθρου μετά το 2005, το δείγμα προς διερεύνηση να μην είναι >22 ετών και το αντικείμενο κύριας μελέτης να μην είναι ο ΣΔ τύπου ΙΙ. Μετά την αξιολόγηση των άρθρων που βρέθηκαν ,τελικά 20 άρθρα συμπεριλήφθηκαν στην ανασκόπηση. Αποτελέσματα: Στις μελέτες που έχουν δημοσιευτεί έως σήμερα έχει διερευνηθεί η συμμόρφωση στην διατροφή σε σχέση με τον γλυκαιμικό έλεγχο και την γενικότερη διαχείριση της ασθένειας καθώς επίσης και τη σχέση που έχει η οικογένεια στη συμμόρφωση του παιδιού. Η πλειοψηφία των παιδιών με ΣΔ δεν συμμορφώνονται στις διεθνής συστάσεις διατροφή. Επίσης συμπερασματικά προέκυψε ότι στην συμμόρφωση των παιδιών με ΣΔ παίζει καθοριστικό ρόλο η ενημέρωση του ίδιου του παιδιού και της οικογένειας καθώς επίσης και το υποστηρικτικό περιβάλλον και η υιοθέτηση σωστών προτύπων διατροφής από μέρους των γονέων. Συμπεράσματα: Το θέμα της συμμόρφωσης των παιδιών στις υγιεινοδιαιτητικές συνήθειες είναι θέμα που βρίσκεται υπό διερεύνηση τις 41 τελευταίες δεκαετίες Το μεγαλύτερο ποσοστό των παιδιών αφενός δεν συμμορφώνεται συνήθως στις διατροφικές συστάσεις, και συνηθίζει να καταναλώνει ανθυγιεινές τροφές και αφετέρου αποτυγχάνει να διαχειριστεί με επιτυχία το νόσημα. Χρειάζεται περαιτέρω έρευνα σχετικά με τη συμμόρφωση των παιδιών με ΣΔ, και η εφαρμογή παρεμβάσεων σε επίπεδο κοινότητας που θα εκπαιδεύσουν παιδιά και οικογένειες στη διαχείριση της νόσου.Introduction: The compliance of children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus, mostly type 1, with dietary treatment is a matter of particular importance as it has been correlated with the positive outcome of disease, the prevention of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia incidents and the good quality of life. Purpose: The aim of the present project is the analysis, after the literature review in an international database, of the compliance of children with DM in dietary recommendations. Metholology: Research reviews were found in scientific database through the key words "diet intake" "dietary adherence" "diet in diabetes type 1". The criteria for the inclusion of studies in the review included the publication in the last 12 years, the sample to be investigated not to be > 22 years old and the subject of the main study not to be for T1DM . After evaluating the articles, 20 articles were found for including. Results: The majority of children with DM do not comply with international nutrition recommendations. It has also been found that child and family education as well as the supportive environment and the adoption of proper nutrition standards by parents are crucial to the compliance of children with DM. Ιn the recent studies have examined nutrition compliance in relation to glycemic control and general management of the disease as well as the family's relationship to child’s compliance. Conclusions: The issue of children's compliance with hygiene habits is a subject under investigation in recent decades. The majority of children doesn’t usually comply with dietary recommendations and they are used to consume unhealthy foods and fail to manage the disease successfully. Further research is needed on the compliance of children with DM. Also the implementation of community-based interventions that will educate children and families in managing the disease is needed,too

Anxiety, Stress and the Resilience of University Students during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on everyone’s daily lives with short-term or long-term consequences. Among the affected population, university students were studied by researchers specifically due to the total change to their educational way of learning and the courses they attended. The present study aimed to assess the psychological difficulties experienced by the university students of Greece during the first wave of the outbreak. Methods: 288 university nursing students completed an electronic questionnaire after consent. The sample included students from all years of study. The questionnaire included demographic data and questions about mental health status, resilience level, coping strategies, positive and negative emotions and an optimism assessment. Results: Depression (44.8%), anxiety (36.8%) and stress (40.3%) were experienced by the students. Females had significantly greater anxiety and stress signs compared to males (p < 0.001). The resilience score was significantly greater in males, as it was for the Positive Affect Score. Students in the fourth year of study used significantly more active/positive coping strategies than students in the first (p = 0.016) or second year of study (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Several students experienced serious mental disorders during the first period of the COVID-19 outbreak. Variables such as gender, year of study, age, positive and negative affect score, life orientation test score and coping strategies were identified as factors contributing to this situation. Special attention must be paid to female students as they mentioned negative emotions more frequently than males. Further research on the academic population could be beneficial to university administrators

Anxiety, Stress and the Resilience of University Students during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on everyone’s daily lives with short-term or long-term consequences. Among the affected population, university students were studied by researchers specifically due to the total change to their educational way of learning and the courses they attended. The present study aimed to assess the psychological difficulties experienced by the university students of Greece during the first wave of the outbreak. Methods: 288 university nursing students completed an electronic questionnaire after consent. The sample included students from all years of study. The questionnaire included demographic data and questions about mental health status, resilience level, coping strategies, positive and negative emotions and an optimism assessment. Results: Depression (44.8%), anxiety (36.8%) and stress (40.3%) were experienced by the students. Females had significantly greater anxiety and stress signs compared to males (p p = 0.016) or second year of study (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Several students experienced serious mental disorders during the first period of the COVID-19 outbreak. Variables such as gender, year of study, age, positive and negative affect score, life orientation test score and coping strategies were identified as factors contributing to this situation. Special attention must be paid to female students as they mentioned negative emotions more frequently than males. Further research on the academic population could be beneficial to university administrators

Investigation of Mental and Physical Health of Nurses Associated with Errors in Clinical Practice

Background: Errors are common among all healthcare settings. The safety of patients is linked directly with nursing errors because nurses stand by them more often than any other healthcare professional. The role of mental and physical health of nurses is of great interest for a good and efficient job performance, but also for maintaining good patient care delivery. This study aimed to investigate the association between nurses’ general health and making errors during clinical practice. Methods: A total of 364 nurses completed a specially designed questionnaire anonymously and voluntarily. The sample consisted of nurses with all educational degrees. The questionnaire included demographic data and questions about general health issues, resilience status and nurses’ possible experience with errors within a hospital. Results: 65,8% of the participants stated that at least one error had happened at their workplace, and 49,4% of them reported that the error was caused by them. Somatic symptoms were found to have a positive correlation with making errors (p p < 0.001) when correlated with all aspects of general health (anxiety/insomnia, severe depression, somatic symptoms), but not with social dysfunction. Conclusion: Nurses are affected by their somatic symptoms in their daily clinical practice, making them vulnerable to making errors that compromise patient safety. A high resilience level could help them cope with unfavorable situations and prevent them from doing harm to a patient or themselves

Perceptions, Knowledge and Attitudes among Young Adults about Prevention of HPV Infection and Immunization

Introduction: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and is widely known as the main causative agent for cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions, knowledge and attitudes of young Greek adults concerning prevention of HPV infection and HPV immunization. Material and Methods: This constitutes a cross-sectional online survey. A convenience sample of young Greek adults (n = 883) residing in Greece, aged 17 to more than 35 years was surveyed from December 2020 to March 2021. Two validated questionnaires were used to collect data. Results: Participants demonstrated moderate knowledge about HPV infection and vaccination, with a mean knowledge score of 53.26 (SD ± 20.65) and 38.92 (SD ± 17.58), respectively. Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.77 and 0.80. Female participants were better informed than males. Approximately 52.3% of respondents had been vaccinated and 65.5% were willing to get vaccinated in the future. Vaccination rate was significantly associated with gender (OR = 11.99; 99% CI = 6.59–21.84), knowledge about the HPV vaccine (OR = 1.04; 99% CI = 1.03–1.04) and age (OR = 0.07; 99% CI = 0.03–0.15). Reasons for vaccine refusal were insufficient information (36.8%) and fear of side effects (19%). Correlates of positive vaccination intention were knowledge about HPV (OR = 1.02; 99% CI = 1.01–1.02). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Greek government’s continuing HPV promotion efforts and education on the risks of HPV infection among young people are likely to increase vaccination acceptance among this group

COVID-19 Vaccination Intention Associated with Behaviors towards Protection and Perceptions Regarding the Pandemic

Background: The impressively rapid availability of different types of COVID-19 vaccines and, on the other hand, the degree of their effectiveness as opposed to the likelihood of serious or non-serious side effects place a fairly large percentage of the population at a crossroads regarding the choice to get vaccinated or not, hence threatening achievement of total immunization coverage and full immunity. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccination intention in Greece regarding protection behaviors and perceptions of the pandemic. Methods: A total of 3753 participants completed a specially designed electronic questionnaire anonymously and voluntarily. The study population consisted of healthcare workers, students, members of professional societies, teachers, and professors. The questionnaire was composed of four parts pertaining to demographic data and possible changes in hygiene attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: In total, 43.3% of the participants stated that SARS-CoV-2 poses a significant risk. The most widespread protection practice was avoiding crowded places (90.1%), followed by reducing the use of public transport (86.1%) and washing their hands with soap and water more often than usual (84.2%). Women undertook significantly more behavioral changes than men and participants of other nationalities. About half of the participants (44%) implemented seven behavioral changes. Lower personal and general perceived risk due to COVID-19 was significantly associated with lower intention to get vaccinated. Conclusion: Strong hesitancy was observed towards COVID-19 vaccination. There is a need for further studies to be conducted to investigate the benefits and safety of vaccines for the purpose of better informing the public. Healthcare personnel can and should play a key role in this process