a cluster randomised interventional and observational study protocol to investigate the relationship between schools and SARS-CoV-2 infection

Funding Information: Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This research received the contribution of the EuCARE Project funded by the European Union´s Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 101046016. The study is funded by the European Union and the study proposal has undergone a competitive peer review process. Role of the funder: the EU has launched a call for projects to which the study proposal answered. The call defined the general themes of research for the applying projects. The EU periodically carries out reviews on the advancement status of the study and quality assessment of its deliverables. The EU does not interfere with the scientific decisions and conduct of the study nor in the analysis of the results. The funding is administered to the participant centres by the study coordinator EuResist Network GEIE. This work was partially supported by the Italian Ministry of Health with Ricerca Corrente and 5X1000 funds. The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript. Funding Information: Eucare WP4: Maria Chiara Mommo, Michael Böhm, Michal Rosen-Zvi, Yishai Shimoni, Sivan Ravid, Tal Kozlovski, Sofia Seabra, Victor Pimentel, Mafalda Miranda, Dora Vaz, Giuseppina Tucci, Juan Manuel Baez, Carmen Romero, Francesco Vairo, Martina Spaziante, Valeria Gabellone, Giulia Vaglio, Fabrizio Fedele. We would like to thank school personnel, students and parents for participating in the EuCARE study. Participating schools up to now are the following: Scuola Maria Ausiliatrice (Lodi), Liceo Scientifico G. Gandini (Lodi), Scuola Infanzia Pio XII (Lodi), Fondazione Scuola materna (Rivolta D'Adda), Istituto Tecnico Industriale Statale Enrico Mattei (San Donato), Liceo Leonardo da Vinci (Casalecchio di Reno), I.C. Ammirato Falcone (Lecce), Direzione didattica statale 5° circolo “Livio Tempesta” (Lecce), I.C 1° Polo “S. Colonna”(Monteroni di Lecce), I.C. E. De Amicis (Squinzano), I.C. Magistrato Giovanni Falcone (Copertino), I.C. Castro dei Volsci, Agrupamento de Escolas Dr. Azevedo Neves (Amadora, Portugal). Funding Information: The EuCARE consortium involves 18 partners from 10 different countries and has been funded by the European Commission in the frame of the research aimed at fighting SARS-CoV2 virus and its variants, in the context of the EuCARE project, “European Cohorts of Patients and Schools to Advance Response to Epidemics”. The project’s ultimate goal is to find solutions to safely support school reopening within the COVID-19 pandemic on the basis of scientific evidence, taking in consideration the impact that a prolonged school closure can have on education, wellbeing and personal development of children. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Background: Contradictory results were reported on the role of school closure/reopening on the overall SARS-CoV-2 transmission rate, as well as on which kind and level of mitigation measures implemented in schools may be effective in limiting its diffusion. Some recent studies were reassuring, showing that opening did not increase the community spread, although teachers and families are worried about the high class density. On the other hand, distance learning was associated with a negative impact on learning, sociability and psychological health, especially in vulnerable children. As it becomes clear that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will last for a long time, there is a high need for studies and solutions to support safe schools opening based on scientific evidence of harms and benefits. The Lolli-Methode (LM) is a strategy for epidemiological surveillance and early intervention aiming at SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks’ reduction in schools, relying on polymerase chain reaction analysis of saliva samples. Methods: In this cluster randomised trial protocol, we aim to determine whether the LM is useful to support schools opening and to reduce clusters and attack rates in schools, compared with the standard of care (SoC) surveillance by public health departments. This multicenter study will enrol 440 classes (around 8800 students, teachers and other personnel) from two countries, cluster randomised to LM or SoC. The samples from the pools will be collected and tested using PCR-based techniques. Test results will be combined with questionnaires filled in by children, parents, schoolteachers, and principals, concerning ongoing mitigation measures, their perceived psychological impact and other health and socio-economic information. An ancillary observational study will be carried out to study the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in schools, frequencies and size of clusters and attack rates, to compare the effectiveness of the different preventive measures adopted and to evaluate psychological issues in students and teachers in relation to the pandemic’s containment measures. Discussion: By the end of this study, we will have defined and characterised the applicability of the LM for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance, as well as the impact of pandemic preventive measures on children and teachers. Trial registration International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number: NCT05396040, 27.05.2022.publishersversionpublishe

European Cohorts of patients and schools to Advance Response to Epidemics (EuCARE): a cluster randomised interventional and observational study protocol to investigate the relationship between schools and SARS-CoV-2 infection

Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified an error in the author name of Claudia Dellavia. The incorrect author name is: Claudia Dallavia. The correct author name is: Claudia Dellavia. The author group has been updated above and the original article [1] has been corrected.publishersversionpublishe

La Inteligencia emocional para la gerencia en tiempos de cambios

Emotional intelligence is a balance of control and regulator of one's own feelings, and of others, because it guides the thinking, rethinking and acting of the individual, extending to the management task in the university institutions. However, many university managers profess to be unfamiliar with this subject. From there, this documentary study has the purpose of analyzing the emotional intelligence in the human resource for management in times of change. The techniques and instruments used were the bibliographic records and the logbook framed in the theoretical revision of its main authors more representative like Goleman (2008). Forming the corpus of research with the components of emotional intelligence in the educational management. By the way, the behavioral characteristics of those who exercise this type of management in these times of change must be related to emotional abilities, based on Emotional Intelligence, which is the individual's ability to recognize and control his own feelings, sustain a Empathic attitude and manage interpersonal relationships. It was concluded the use of emotional intelligence generates in the human being satisfaction and their performances are effective at achieving, university change management It was concluded that the application of emotional intelligence by generating full human and effectiveLa inteligencia emocional es un balance de control y regulador de los sentimientos propios, y de los demás, porque guía el pensar, el repensar y el actuar del individuo, extendiéndose al quehacer gerencial en las instituciones universitarias. No obstante, muchos gerentes universitarios profesan no estar muy familiarizados con este tema. De allí este estudio documental tiene el propósito de analizar la inteligencia emocional en el recurso humano para la gerencia en tiempos de cambios. Las técnicas e instrumentos empleados fueron los registros bibliográficos y la bitácora enmarcados en la revisión teórica de sus principales autores más representativos como Goleman (2008). Formando el corpus de la investigación con los componentes de la inteligencia emocional en el gestionar educativo. A propósito, las características del comportamiento de quienes ejercen este tipo de gerencia en estos tiempos de cambio deben relacionarse con las habilidades emocionales, fundamentadas en la Inteligencia Emocional, que es la capacidad que tiene el individuo de reconocer y controlar sus propios sentimientos, sostener una actitud empática y manejar las relaciones interpersonales. Se concluyó el uso de la inteligencia emocional genera en el ser humano satisfacción y sus desempeños son efectivos logrando, la gerencia del cambio universitario

Development of a measure to assess the impact of epilepsy on people with an intellectual disability: the Glasgow Epilepsy Outcome Scale - Client version (GEOS-C)

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is common in people with intellectual disability, yet clinicians and researchers seldom obtain information directly from the client. The development and preliminary validation of a novel measure for use with people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities is described. METHODS: Focus group methods (6 groups; 24 participants) identified issues of concern, and qualitative analysis (NUD*IST) was applied to derive items and themes for a draft scale. Psychometric scale development techniques were then used in a pilot study and subsequent field-testing to investigate validity and reliability (n = 46). RESULTS: A total of 148 issues of concern was reduced initially to 52 and then to 42 items using these methods. The derived scale comprised sub-scales reflecting (1) concerns about having seizures; (2) about injury; (3) about issues during; and (4) after seizures; (5) about medication; (6) about what people think; and (7) about daily life. Cronbach alpha for the Glasgow Epilepsy Outcome Scale - Client version (GEOS-C) was 0.92, and ranged from 0.64-0.81 for the sub-scales. Relatively weak associations (