Características seminais de ovinos suplementados ou não com uréia e diferentes fontes de enxofre

Twelve adult Santa Inês crossbred rams with similar weight and age employed in a randomized design for 60 days period to evaluate three treatments: A. 100% of degradable protein requirement (control); B. 100% of degradable protein requirement + 3% urea + inorganic sulphur (99%S) and C. 100% of degradable protein requirement +3% urea + organic sulphur (21,5% S). Every week seminal collections were made through artificial vagina; blood collections were made to analyze plasma N-ureic levels and measured live weight and scrotal circumference. In semen samples were studied volume, microscopic waves, vigor, motility, concentration, total sperm per ejaculate, total feasible sperm per ejaculate, membrane sperm integrity, acrosomal integrity, percent of abnormal spermatozoa and N-ureic level in seminal plasma. Treatments experimental animals receiving presented blood and seminal plasma N-ureic levels higher than the ones of control treatment (p < 0,05). There was significant difference between organic and inorganic sources of sulphur in the following semen characteristics (p < 0,05): treatment C presented microscopic waves (4,57), motility (85,69%), vigor (4,66) and total sperm per ejaculate (9,02 x 10(9)) higher than treatment B; and the percentage of secondary sperm abnormality (5,37%) was lower than treatment B.Doze carneiros machos adultos mestiços Santa Inês de mesma idade e porte semelhante foram empregados em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, por um período experimental de 60 dias. Os animais foram distribuídos para três tratamentos: A. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen (controle); B. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen + 3% de uréia + enxofre (99% S) e C. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen + 3% de uréia + enxofre quelatado (21,5% S). Semanalmente foram colhidas amostras de sêmen obtidas com emprego de vagina artificial e de sangue para determinação da concentração de nitrogênio uréico plasmático, assim como realizadas pesagens dos animais e aferições de circunferência escrotal. No sêmen foram analisados: volume e turbilhonamento; vigor, motilidade e concentração espermática; total de espermatozóides e total de espermatozóides viáveis no ejaculado; integridade de membrana e de acrossoma; morfologia espermática e concentração de nitrogênio uréico no plasma seminal. Os animais suplementados com uréia apresentaram níveis de N-uréico no plasma sanguíneo e seminal significativamente maiores que os encontrados nos do tratamentos controle (p<0,05). Houve diferença significativa entre as fontes de enxofre utilizadas (p<0,05) quanto às características do sêmen estudadas, o tratamento C apresentando valores maiores para turbilhonamento (4,57), motilidade espermática (85,69%), vigor espermático (4,66) e total de espermatozóides por ejaculado (9,02 x 10(9)), além de uma porcentagem inferior de defeitos menores (5,37%) quando comparado ao tratamento B

The imbalance in the relationship between inflammatory and regulatory cytokines during gestational toxoplasmosis can be harmful to fetuses: A systematic review

ObjectiveTo evaluate the available information on inflammatory and regulatory plasma mediators in pregnant women (PW) diagnosed with toxoplasmosis. Source: The PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Lilacs databases were evaluated until October 2022. Study eligibility criteria: This review was carried out following the PRISMA and registered on the PROSPERO platform (CRD42020203951). Studies that reported inflammatory mediators in PW with toxoplasmosis were considered.Evaluation methodsAfter excluding duplicate articles, two authors independently carried out the process of title and abstract exclusion, and a third resolved disagreements when necessary. The full text was evaluated to detect related articles. The extraction table was built from the following data: Author, year of publication, journal name and impact factors, country, study design, number of gestations and maternal age (years), gestational period, diagnosis of toxoplasmosis, levels of inflammatory markers, laboratory tests, and clinical significance. Methodological quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools.ResultsOf the 1,024 studies reported, only eight were included. Of the 868 PW included in this review, 20.2% were IgM+/IgG- and 50.8% were IgM-/IgG+ to T. gondii, and 29.0% uninfected. Infected PW presented higher plasma levels ofIL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, CCL5, and IL-10. Regarding the methodological quality, four studies obtained high quality. Data from this review pointed out the maintenance of the inflammatory pattern during pregnancy with a closely related to the parasite.ConclusionImmune status in PW defined the course of the T. gondii infection, where the equilibrium between inflammatory and regulatory cytokines mitigated the harmful placenta and fetus effects.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD420203951

Clinical features and outcomes of elderly hospitalised patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure or both

Background and objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure (HF) mutually increase the risk of being present in the same patient, especially if older. Whether or not this coexistence may be associated with a worse prognosis is debated. Therefore, employing data derived from the REPOSI register, we evaluated the clinical features and outcomes in a population of elderly patients admitted to internal medicine wards and having COPD, HF or COPD + HF. Methods: We measured socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics, severity and prevalence of comorbidities, clinical and laboratory features during hospitalization, mood disorders, functional independence, drug prescriptions and discharge destination. The primary study outcome was the risk of death. Results: We considered 2,343 elderly hospitalized patients (median age 81 years), of whom 1,154 (49%) had COPD, 813 (35%) HF, and 376 (16%) COPD + HF. Patients with COPD + HF had different characteristics than those with COPD or HF, such as a higher prevalence of previous hospitalizations, comorbidities (especially chronic kidney disease), higher respiratory rate at admission and number of prescribed drugs. Patients with COPD + HF (hazard ratio HR 1.74, 95% confidence intervals CI 1.16-2.61) and patients with dementia (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.06-2.90) had a higher risk of death at one year. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed a higher mortality risk in the group of patients with COPD + HF for all causes (p = 0.010), respiratory causes (p = 0.006), cardiovascular causes (p = 0.046) and respiratory plus cardiovascular causes (p = 0.009). Conclusion: In this real-life cohort of hospitalized elderly patients, the coexistence of COPD and HF significantly worsened prognosis at one year. This finding may help to better define the care needs of this population

Gli intermediari finanziari di fronte allo sviluppo del corporate finance

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7, Rome; Biblioteca della Camera dei Deputati, Via del Seminario, 76, Rome / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal

Características seminais de ovinos suplementados ou não com uréia e diferentes fontes de enxofre

Doze carneiros machos adultos mestiços Santa Inês de mesma idade e porte semelhante foram empregados em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, por um período experimental de 60 dias. Os animais foram distribuídos para três tratamentos: A. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen (controle); B. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen + 3% de uréia + enxofre (99% S) e C. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen + 3% de uréia + enxofre quelatado (21,5% S). Semanalmente foram colhidas amostras de sêmen obtidas com emprego de vagina artificial e de sangue para determinação da concentração de nitrogênio uréico plasmático, assim como realizadas pesagens dos animais e aferições de circunferência escrotal. No sêmen foram analisados: volume e turbilhonamento; vigor, motilidade e concentração espermática; total de espermatozóides e total de espermatozóides viáveis no ejaculado; integridade de membrana e de acrossoma; morfologia espermática e concentração de nitrogênio uréico no plasma seminal. Os animais suplementados com uréia apresentaram níveis de N-uréico no plasma sanguíneo e seminal significativamente maiores que os encontrados nos do tratamentos controle (p<0,05). Houve diferença significativa entre as fontes de enxofre utilizadas (p<0,05) quanto às características do sêmen estudadas, o tratamento C apresentando valores maiores para turbilhonamento (4,57), motilidade espermática (85,69%), vigor espermático (4,66) e total de espermatozóides por ejaculado (9,02 x 109), além de uma porcentagem inferior de defeitos menores (5,37%) quando comparado ao tratamento BTwelve adult Santa Inês crossbred rams with similar weight and age employed in a randomized design for 60 days period to evaluate three treatments: A. 100% of degradable protein requirement (control); B. 100% of degradable protein requirement + 3% urea + inorganic sulphur (99%S) and C. 100% of degradable protein requirement +3% urea + organic sulphur (21,5% S). Every week seminal collections were made through artificial vagina; blood collections were made to analyze plasma N-ureic levels and measured live weight and scrotal circumference. In semen samples were studied volume, microscopic waves, vigor, motility, concentration, total sperm per ejaculate, total feasible sperm per ejaculate, membrane sperm integrity, acrosomal integrity, percent of abnormal spermatozoa and N-ureic level in seminal plasma. Treatments experimental animals receiving presented blood and seminal plasma N-ureic levels higher than the ones of control treatment (p < 0,05). There was significant difference between organic and inorganic sources of sulphur in the following semen characteristics (p < 0,05): treatment C presented microscopic waves (4,57), motility (85,69%), vigor (4,66) and total sperm per ejaculate (9,02 x 109) higher than treatment B; and the percentage of secondary sperm abnormality (5,37%) was lower than treatment

Seminal characteristics of rams supplement or not with urea and two sources of sulphur

Doze carneiros machos adultos mestiços Santa Inês de mesma idade e porte semelhante foram empregados em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, por um período experimental de 60 dias. Os animais foram distribuídos para três tratamentos: A. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen (controle); B. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen + 3% de uréia + enxofre (99% S) e C. 100% das exigências em proteína degradável no rúmen + 3% de uréia + enxofre quelatado (21,5% S). Semanalmente foram colhidas amostras de sêmen obtidas com emprego de vagina artificial e de sangue para determinação da concentração de nitrogênio uréico plasmático, assim como realizadas pesagens dos animais e aferições de circunferência escrotal. No sêmen foram analisados: volume e turbilhonamento; vigor, motilidade e concentração espermática; total de espermatozóides e total de espermatozóides viáveis no ejaculado; integridade de membrana e de acrossoma; morfologia espermática e concentração de nitrogênio uréico no plasma seminal. Os animais suplementados com uréia apresentaram níveis de N-uréico no plasma sanguíneo e seminal significativamente maiores que os encontrados nos do tratamentos controle (p<0,05). Houve diferença significativa entre as fontes de enxofre utilizadas (p<0,05) quanto às características do sêmen estudadas, o tratamento C apresentando valores maiores para turbilhonamento (4,57), motilidade espermática (85,69%), vigor espermático (4,66) e total de espermatozóides por ejaculado (9,02 x 109), além de uma porcentagem inferior de defeitos menores (5,37%) quando comparado ao tratamento BTwelve adult Santa Inês crossbred rams with similar weight and age employed in a randomized design for 60 days period to evaluate three treatments: A. 100% of degradable protein requirement (control); B. 100% of degradable protein requirement + 3% urea + inorganic sulphur (99%S) and C. 100% of degradable protein requirement +3% urea + organic sulphur (21,5% S). Every week seminal collections were made through artificial vagina; blood collections were made to analyze plasma N-ureic levels and measured live weight and scrotal circumference. In semen samples were studied volume, microscopic waves, vigor, motility, concentration, total sperm per ejaculate, total feasible sperm per ejaculate, membrane sperm integrity, acrosomal integrity, percent of abnormal spermatozoa and N-ureic level in seminal plasma. Treatments experimental animals receiving presented blood and seminal plasma N-ureic levels higher than the ones of control treatment (p < 0,05). There was significant difference between organic and inorganic sources of sulphur in the following semen characteristics (p < 0,05): treatment C presented microscopic waves (4,57), motility (85,69%), vigor (4,66) and total sperm per ejaculate (9,02 x 109) higher than treatment B; and the percentage of secondary sperm abnormality (5,37%) was lower than treatment

IEEE Std 2715™ Guide for the Characterization of the Shielding Effectiveness of Planar Materials

A set of standard methods and procedures for determining the shielding effectiveness of planar materials is provided. Such materials might comprise, but are not limited to, metals, coated plastics, fiber-filled polymers, textiles, and coated fabrics. The selection of the appropriate test method to determine the level of shielding provided in the intended application, to provide a basis for comparing the measuring results, is considered. Emphasis is placed on those measurement techniques that have been adopted through incorporation into standards, both commercial and military, or that have been used extensively in practice