181 research outputs found
IMPACT OF EXPRESS SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING TO RIFAMPICIN OF M. TUBERCULOSIS ON CHEMOTHERAPY EFFICIENCY IN THOSE SUFFERING FROM MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS
Goal of the study: to compare efficiency of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy prescribed basing on drug susceptibility testing results obtained by GeneXpertMTB/RIF with relevant correction as per data of culture on liquid media and basing on drug susceptibility testing through culture on liquid media only. Materials and methods. 185 pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the age from 18 to 60 years were included into the study and divided into three groups: Groups 1 and 2 included those susceptible and resistant to rifampicin respectively which was detected by GeneXpert MTB/RIF. Group 3 was formed retrospectively out of patients suffering from multiple drug resistance in whom no test systems had been used.Results. If chemotherapy regimen was appropriately chosen basing on rifampicin susceptibility data obtained only through GeneXpert MTB/RIF, the time of sputum conversion confidently did not differ for those suffering from multiple drug resistance and those without it.Prescription of chemotherapy regimen basing on GeneXpert MTB/RIF results with consequent correction as per culture results obtained by Bactec MGIT 960 confidently enhances treatment outcomes in multiple drug resistant tuberculosis patients both regarding sputum conversion rate and cavity healing compared to the group where treatment regimen was corrected basing on results of culture on liquid media. Using GeneXpert MTB/RIF significantly reduces the number of chemotherapy regimens corrections or transfers to the other regimen. Under-detection of rifampicin resistance when using GeneXpert MTB/RIF compared to Bactec MGIT 960 was fixed on the level of 1.5% (95% CI 0.42-5.44%)
Трудности ведения больного туберкулезом легких с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя и сопутствующей патологией
The article describes the clinical case of the successful cure of disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (caseous pneumonia) with multiple drug resistance in the patients with several concurrent diseases: COPD, pulmonary emphysema, respiratory failure of the 1st phase, hypertension of the 2nd phase, coronary heart disease, cardiosclerosis, drug-induced hepatitis. Tuberculosis chemotherapy was accompanied by the intensive hepatotrophic, cardiac and urinative therapy with potassium-sparing diuretics. When drug-induced hepatitis developed the extracorporal methods namely discrete machine plasmapheresis were used.Приведено клиническое наблюдение успешного лечения распространенного туберкулеза легких (казеозной пневмонии) с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью у пациента с несколькими сопутствующими заболеваниями: ХОБЛ, эмфизема легких, дыхательная недостаточность I ст, гипертоническая болезнь IIст, ишемическая болезнь сердца, кардиосклероз, токсический гепатит. Химиотерапия туберкулеза сопровождалась усиленной гепатотропной, кардиальной и мочегонной терапией калийсберегающими диуретиками. При развитии токсического гепатита использовались экстракорпоральные методы лечения в виде дискреторного аппаратного плазмафереза
Влияние экспресс-детекции резистентности M. Tuberculosis к рифампицину на эффективность химиотерапии у больных туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя
Goal of the study: to compare efficiency of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy prescribed basing on drug susceptibility testing results obtained by GeneXpertMTB/RIF with relevant correction as per data of culture on liquid media and basing on drug susceptibility testing through culture on liquid media only. Materials and methods. 185 pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the age from 18 to 60 years were included into the study and divided into three groups: Groups 1 and 2 included those susceptible and resistant to rifampicin respectively which was detected by GeneXpert MTB/RIF. Group 3 was formed retrospectively out of patients suffering from multiple drug resistance in whom no test systems had been used.Results. If chemotherapy regimen was appropriately chosen basing on rifampicin susceptibility data obtained only through GeneXpert MTB/RIF, the time of sputum conversion confidently did not differ for those suffering from multiple drug resistance and those without it.Prescription of chemotherapy regimen basing on GeneXpert MTB/RIF results with consequent correction as per culture results obtained by Bactec MGIT 960 confidently enhances treatment outcomes in multiple drug resistant tuberculosis patients both regarding sputum conversion rate and cavity healing compared to the group where treatment regimen was corrected basing on results of culture on liquid media. Using GeneXpert MTB/RIF significantly reduces the number of chemotherapy regimens corrections or transfers to the other regimen. Under-detection of rifampicin resistance when using GeneXpert MTB/RIF compared to Bactec MGIT 960 was fixed on the level of 1.5% (95% CI 0.42-5.44%).Цель исследования: сравнительная оценка эффективности химиотерапии туберкулеза, назначаемой по результатам лекарственной устойчивости возбудителя, определенной с помощью картриджной тест-системы GeneXpertMTB/RIF, с последующей коррекцией по данным посева на жидких средах, и определенной только посевом на жидких средах.Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 185 пациентов с туберкулезом легких в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет, распределенных в три группы: в группах 1 и 2 были пациенты с отсутствием или наличием, соответственно, лекарственной устойчивости возбудителя к рифампицину, установленной по тест-системе GeneXpert MTB/RIF. Группа 3 сформирована ретроспективно из пациентов, имевших возбудителя с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью, у которых тест-системы не применяли.Результаты. При правильном выборе режима химиотерапии, соответствующего лекарственной чувствительности микобактерии туберкулеза (МБТ) хотя бы по одному рифампицину, на основании данных теста GeneXpert MTB/RIF, темпы прекращения бактериовыделения достоверно не отличаются у пациентов с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью МБТ и без таковой. Назначение химиотерапии по результатам теста GeneXpert MTB/RIF, с последующей коррекцией по результатам посева на Bactec MGIT 960, достоверно способствует у больных туберкулезом с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя улучшению результатов лечения как по скорости прекращения бактериовыделения, так и по скорости закрытия деструкций, по сравнению с группой, где коррекцию лечения проводили только по результату посева на жидкие среды. При этом использование теста GeneXpert MTB/RIF значительно сокращает число случаев коррекции химиотерапии или перехода на другой режим. Недовыявление при использовании теста GeneXpert MTB/RIF устойчивости МБТ к рифампицину, по сравнению с методом Bactec MGIT 960, зафиксировано на уровне 1,5% (95%-ный ДИ 0,42-5,44%)
Реокинетическое исследование процесса каталитического отверждения олигодиенуретанового форполимера глицерином в условиях избытка изоцианатных групп
For the first time the results of a rheokinetic study on the interaction of an oligodienuerethane prepolymer with glycerol under excessive content of isocyanate groups [NCO/OH = 1.5 (mol/mol)] are presented. It was found that, when conversion degree х ≈ 30 %, the interaction of isocyanate and hydroxyl groups is governed by the first order equation with adiabatic self-acceleration. Then (at х > 30 %) the curing process is described by the second order equation. A specific feature of the studied interactions is that, while temperature increases to 50 ° C, the role of the curing catalysts at the final stage is played by urethane and allophanate groups.Впервые представлены результаты реокинетических исследований процесса взаимодействия олигодиенуретанового форполимера с глицерином при избыточном содержании изоцианатных групп ( NCO / OH = 1.5 (моль / моль)). Установлено, что до степени превращения х ≈ 30% взаимодействие изоцианатных и гидроксильных групп подчиняется уравнению первого порядка с адиабатическим автоускорением, затем (при х > 30 %) процесс отверждения описывается уравнением второго порядка. Выявленной спецификой изученных взаимодействий является то, что с увеличением температуры до 50ºС роль катализаторов отверждения на завершающем этапе выполняют уретановые и аллофанатные группы
Search for Electroweak Production of Single Top Quarks in ppbar Collisions
We present a search for electroweak production of single top quarks in the
electron+jets and muon+jets decay channels. The measurements use ~90 pb^-1 of
data from Run 1 of the Fermilab Tevatron collider, collected at 1.8 TeV with
the DZero detector between 1992 and 1995. We use events that include a tagging
muon, implying the presence of a b jet, to set an upper limit at the 95%
confidence level on the cross section for the s-channel process ppbar->tb+X of
39 pb. The upper limit for the t-channel process ppbar->tqb+X is 58 pb.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures. This is the published versio
Probing BFKL Dynamics in the Dijet Cross Section at Large Rapidity Intervals in ppbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1800 and 630 GeV
Inclusive dijet production at large pseudorapidity intervals (delta_eta)
between the two jets has been suggested as a regime for observing BFKL
dynamics. We have measured the dijet cross section for large delta_eta in ppbar
collisions at sqrt{s}=1800 and 630 GeV using the DO detector. The partonic
cross section increases strongly with the size of delta_eta. The observed
growth is even stronger than expected on the basis of BFKL resummation in the
leading logarithmic approximation. The growth of the partonic cross section can
be accommodated with an effective BFKL intercept of
a_{BFKL}(20GeV)=1.65+/-0.07.Comment: Published in Physical Review Letter
A Quasi-Model-Independent Search for New Physics at Large Transverse Momentum
We apply a quasi-model-independent strategy ("Sleuth") to search for new high
p_T physics in approximately 100 pb^-1 of ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
collected by the DZero experiment during 1992-1996 at the Fermilab Tevatron.
Over thirty-two e mu X, W+jets-like, Z+jets-like, and 3(lepton/photon)X
exclusive final states are systematically analyzed for hints of physics beyond
the standard model. Simultaneous sensitivity to a variety of models predicting
new phenomena at the electroweak scale is demonstrated by testing the method on
a particular signature in each set of final states. No evidence of new high p_T
physics is observed in the course of this search, and we find that 89% of an
ensemble of hypothetical similar experimental runs would have produced a final
state with a candidate signal more interesting than the most interesting
observed in these data.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figures. Submitted to Physical Review
Search for R-parity Violating Supersymmetry in Dimuon and Four-Jets Channel
We present results of a search for R-parity-violating decay of the neutralino
chi_1^0, taken to be the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle. It is assumed that
this decay proceeds through one of the lepton-number violating couplings
lambda-prime_2jk (j=1,2; k=1,2,3). This search is based on 77.5 pb-1 of data,
collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron in ppbar collisions at
a center of mass energy of 1.8 TeV in 1992-1995.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Direct Search for Charged Higgs Bosons in Decays of Top Quarks
We present a search for charged Higgs bosons in decays of pair-produced top
quarks in pbar p collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV using 62.2 pb^-1 of data
recorded by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. No evidence is
found for signal, and we exclude at 95% confidence most regions of the (M
higgs, tan beta) parameter space where the decay t->H b has a branching
fraction greater than 0.36 and B(H -> tau nu) is large.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
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