University problem training

Статья раскрывает понятие проблемного обучения в вузах в современных условиях, поставленных требованиями ФГОС и современного общества. Методы: научно-исследовательский, аналитический. Результаты: рекомендации по способам преобразования и формирования творческой способности личности.The article accounts the notion of problem training in universities in contemporary conditions, set by the requirements of FSLS and contemporary society. The used methods are: research method, analytical method. Results: recommendations on ways of transformation and formation of creative ability of the person

Wastewater Afterpurification of Chromium Compounds Production by the Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis

Most often, reagent methods are used to treat wastewater from Cr (VI) compounds. This treatment technology allows reducing the concentration of Cr (VI) in wastewater only. Comparing the composition of wastewater after reagent treatment of chromium compounds using Ca(OH)2 with established standards, it can be concluded that it is necessary to purify a number of pollutants. In this study, wastewater afterpurification of chromium compounds production by the ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis was considered. Modelling processes using WAVE 1.72 software confirmed that the proposed post-treatment scheme was highly efficient and that wastewater could be discharged into a water body without harming it. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Helicobacter pylori roles in haematology disease pathogenesis

Helicobacter pylori is considered to be one of the significant reasons of formation of gastroduodenal pathology. Data on the role of H. pylori in the development of extragastric diseases are confirmed by a positive effect of eradication on peripheral blood changes. In spite of this fact both aspects are still not revealed. However, undoubtedly that H. pylori persistence on gastric epithelium creates conditions for chronic local and systematic inflammation. The aim of the sur- vey was the analysis of literary data about bacterial factors in the development of iron-, vitamin B12-deficiency anaemia and thrombocytopenic purpura included by the international consensus into the circle of evedences for diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori. Material and methods. There was accomplished search of literature sources with the help of data bases PubMed, CyberLeninka, eLibrary, Google Scholar. The results of our analysis specify mechanisms of cer- tain blood diseases pathogenesis in association with H. pylori. Multiple roles of virulent strains of pathogen in anaemia and thrombocytopenic purpura include: development of erosive and ulcerative lesions of mucosa, hypoacidity, chron- ic inflammation and autoimmune response. Data about these changes in haematological syndromes and independent eradication effects on blood parameters normalisation, are controversial. Н. pylori host iron competition theory has not been found convincing confirmation. Conclusions. It is necessary to study more deeply the connection of H. pylori and haematological diseases. The dietary research and application to maintain the mucous integrity and bacterial adhesion prevention are perspective

Cycloheptatriene in the reaction of ene synthesis with diethylazodicarboxylate

© 2015 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. The rate of an ene reaction between cycloheptatriene and trans-diethylazodicarboxylate in 1,2-dichloroethane was studied at various pressures and temperatures. The results obtained were compared with kinetic parameters of some other reactions

Professionally-Oriented Physical Education in the Formation of a Competitive Specialist

В данной статье мы исследуем роль профессионально ориентированной физической культуры в формировании конкурентоспособного специалиста в области железнодорожного транспорта. В работе рассматриваются результаты исследования, проведенного среди работников, занятых в сфере экономики.In this article, we explore the role of professionally oriented physical education in the formation of a competitive specialist in the field of railway transport. The paper examines the results of a study conducted among workers employed in the field of economics

Innate immune factor gene expression profiles in patients with atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial genetically determined inflammatory skin disease characterized by itching, chronically relapsing dermatitis, age-related features of localization and morphology of lesions. The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis is complex and includes epigenetic alterations, involved in the genomic adaptation, immune response reactions and dysfunction of the epithelial barrier that together trigger the development of atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study is to detect the expression level for IL4, IL13, IL33, TLR2, TLR9 genes in the biological materials of atopic patients.The targeted genes for further expression evaluation were selected according to our previous findings on genome-wide methylation study. We detected the cascades with the differentially methylated genes that are most likely to take place in atopic dermatitis. Thus, we investigated expression levels for the IL4, IL13, IL33, TLR2, TLR9 genes in the skin, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and whole blood cells using RT-PCR on 55 pediatric patients and 26 healthy volunteers, and on 50 adult patients. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test. Targeted expression analysis revealed that in the skin samples the expression of TLR9 and IL4 was 12 times significantly lower (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0005) in the lesional skin; and there was a 6-fold decrease in case of TLR2 (p < 0.01). The results for blood mononuclear cells differed and expression levels for most of the assessed targets were significantly higher before treatment. We have also found out that those differences were strongly pronounced especially in an elder age group (12-18 y.o.). Studying the IL33 gene expression in the whole blood samples of adults revealed that its level was significantly higher in case of patients with moderate form of AD. Besides, we concluded that locally in the affected skin inflammatory immune response may dominate; in the mononuclear cells Th2 immune response apparently takes place. New insights on immunological markers and links among them may shed a light on atopic dermatitis pathogenic mechanisms. The detected molecules could play role as potential therapeutic targets and form a management approach for patients with atopic dermatitis

CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF ABDOMANAL DELIVERY

The review examined Cesarean section significance in decrease of perinatal mortality, the problems associated with the increase of abdominal delivery are reflected, purulent-septic complications are accented, risk factors of infection-inflammatory process development in post operational period are analysed, the advantages and disadvantages of contemporary preventive methods of their origin are considered

Application of optical non-invasive methods to diagnose the state of the lower limb tissues in patients with diabetes mellitus

The paper shows the possibility of assessing the functional state of microcirculatory-tissue systems of patients with diabetes mellitus by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) methods. A review of the existing non-invasive optical technologies used to assess the state of microcirculation and oxygen metabolism in tissues of patients with diabetes is conducted. A series of experimental studies involving 76 patients with diabetes and 46 healthy volunteers was carried out. A wavelet analysis of LDF-grams was used to evaluate the adaptive changes of microcirculation during the temperature tests. The obtained data revealed that the proposed methodology in the form of combined use of several diagnostic technologies (LDF, FS and DRS) allows us to detect the presence or absence of trophic disorders and to evaluate adaptation processes during thermal tests

MEDICAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN OF YOUNG REPRODUCTIVE AGE AFTER HYSTERECTOMY

Background. In many countries, hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures.The objective of our analysis was to assess the social and medical characteristics of young reproductive-age patients who underwent hysterectomy.Materials and methods. A retrospective study involved 140 women aged 18–35 years (median age 29.4 ± 4.7 years) who underwent emergency or elective hysterectomy in the hospitals of Zabaykalsky Krai for a period of 5 years (January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017).Results. 51.4 % of patients were housewives; 52.9 % were single; 55.7 % had bad habits (smoking, alcohol consumption). These women had a high incidence of socially significant infections: HIV – 3.6 %, active forms of tuberculosis – 1.5 %. 89.3 % of hysterectomies were emergent and 10.7 % were elective (p = 0.0001; OR = 69.4; 95% CI 32.6–148.1). The indications for the emergency hysterectomy were uterine myoma (80 %) and cervical or ovarian cancer (20 %). The obstetrical complications were the main indications for the emergency surgery: placenta abruption – 24.0 %; placenta previa – 20.8 % (placenta increta and/or percreta – 16.8 %; massive antenatal bleeding – 4.0 %); postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery and caesarean section 19.2 %; septic and/or hemorrhagic shock in early miscarriages (from 8 to 19 weeks of gestation) 15.2 %. Mortality was registered in case of emergency hysterectomy only (4.3 %). Half of the deaths (50 %) occurred in cases of complicated miscarriages.Conclusion. To preserve the reproductive potential of young women of reproductive age, it is necessary to increase their social and cultural level, and responsibility for their own health and gender behavior