Экспериментальная модель неинфекционного гранулематоза легких

Experimental model of noninfectional granulomatosis in lungs was elaborated by the authors. The lung granulomatosis was induced by Sefadex A-25 aerosol inspiration in Wistar rats. It was characterised by the mature macrophagal granulomas appearance in couple with acute bronchitis and alveolitis. Granulomatous reaction in lungs was accompanied by extreme hyperplasia of lymphoid bronchial folliculi. The bronchial alveolai lavage cell count, especially neutrophil, lymphocyte, and polynuclear macrophage counts, increased during the experiment. Maximally manifestated changes of the mentioned parameters were noted after 7 days since Sefadex A-25 aerosol inhalation. Using the elaboreted model of noninfectional pulmonary granulomatosis, it was demonstrated that the model can be used to estimate the efficiency of antiinflammatory and immunomodulating pharmacological products, as well Budesonide, which are used in pulmonology.Разработана экспериментальная модель неинфекционного гранулематоза легких. При аэрозольном в ведении сефадекса А-25 у крыс Вистар развивается гранулематоз легких, морфологически характеризующийся образованием зрелых макрофагальных гранулем в сочетании с острым бронхитом и альвеолитом. Гранулематозная реакция легких сопровождается выраженной гиперплазией лимфоидных фолликулов бронхов. В бронхоальвеолярном смыве увеличивается количество клеточных элементов, и среди них повышается процентное содержание нейтрофилов, лимфоцитов и многоядерных макрофагов. Максимально выраженные изменения указанных показателей отмечаются на 7-е сутки после аэрозольного введения сефадекса А-25. На разработанной модели неинфекционного гранулематоза легких продемонстрирована, на примере будесонида, возможность использования ее для оценки эффективности противовоспалительных и иммуномодулирующих фармакологических препаратов, используемых в пульмонологии

THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF ALPHA-INTERFERON PREPARATIONS DURING SOCIALLY-SIGNIFICANT HUMAN DISEASES OF VIRAL ETIOLOGY

Interferons (IFN) belong to key cytokine? of innate and adaptive immune response and play an important role in anti-viral and anti-tumor protection. At the same time, they possess a pronounced immune-modulating, anti-proliferative and anti-fibrotic effect. A general comparative characteristic of human IFN type I (a/(3), IFN type II (y) and IFN type III (X) and nosological directionality of contemporary drugs created on their base is examined in the review. Epidemiologic parameters for main socially-significant human diseases of viral etiology are presented: influenza and other ARVis, herpes infection, chronic viral hepatitis В, C and D. Main attention is given to analysis of effectiveness of therapeutic application of preparations based on IFNa during the indicated infections, a specter of main IFNa induced side effects is listed. Recent achievements on the path of creation of principally new drugs based on IFN, that have lower toxicity and higher clinical effectiveness, as well as perspectives of application of preparations based on recombinant IFN for therapy of potentially dangerous diseases are examined