Novel image–novel location object recognition task sensitive to age-related cognitive decline in nondemented elderly

Traditional tests used in the clinic to identify dementia, such as the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), are useful to identify severe cognitive impairments but might be less sensitive to detect more subtle age-related cognitive changes. Previously, the novel image–novel location (NINL) object recognition test was shown to be sensitive to detect effects of apolipoprotein E4, a risk factor for developing age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease, in nondemented elderly. In the present longitudinal study, performance on the MMSE and the NINL tests were compared over a 4-year period. Individual NINL scores over this period were highly correlated. In addition, while MMSE scores did not change over the 4-year period, NINL scores did. In a final testing session of a subset of the participants, NINL scores correlated with logical memory and word recall lists, cognitive tasks used to detect dementia in the clinic, as well as clinical dementia rating scales. These results support that the NINL might be a valuable tool to assess age-related cognitive decline

Atherosclerosis and cognitive functioning

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51522/1/Everson SA, Atherosclerosis and Cognitive Functioning, 1999 (chapter).pd

Childhood socioeconomic position and cognitive function in adulthood

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51464/1/Kaplan GA, Childhood Socioeconomic Position and Cognitive Function, 2001.pd

Socioeconomic Position Across the Lifecourse and Cognitive Function in Late Middle Age

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51493/1/Turrell G, Socioeconomic Position Across the Lifecourse, 2002.pd

Metabolic syndrome and cognitive function: a population-based follow-up study in elderly women

Objective: To test the hypothesis that metabolic syndrome predicts cognitive impairment, and to examine the association of single metabolic risk factors with cognitive functioning. Methods: Weperformed a 12-year follow-up study in a population-based sample of 101 women aged 60-70 years at baseline. Metabolic syndrome wasdefined by the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria (&#8805; 3 out of 5 risk factors). Global cognitive function was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination both at baseline and follow-up. A detailed neuropsychological evaluation for memory and cognitive speed was performed at follow-up. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased from 13% at baseline to 49% at follow-up (p < 0.001). Women with metabolic syndrome at baseline had a 4.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-17.90; p = 0.047) times higher risk of poor memory at follow-up after adjustment for age, education and depression. The increasing number of metabolic risk factors was associated with worsening of memory at follow-up (p = 0.034 for linear trend). Women with low baseline levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were more likely to have poor memory at follow-up than those with higher HDL levels (p = 0.028). The risk of having poor memory increased by 46.5% (95% confidence interval: 15-66%; p = 0.008) with 1 SD decrease in HDL cholesterol level. Conclusion: In elderly women, metabolic syndrome may be an important contributor to worsening of memory, which is an essential part of mild cognitive impairment

Associations between apolipoprotein E phenotype, glucose metabolism and cognitive function in men: an exploratory study in a population sample

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55377/1/Helkala EL, Associations between Apolipoprotein E phenotype, 2001.pd