278 research outputs found
Photon-mediated qubit interactions in one-dimensional discrete and continuous models
In this work we study numerically and analytically the interaction of two qubits in a one-dimensionalwaveguide, as mediated by the photons that propagate through the guide. We develop strategies to assert the Markovianity of the problem, the effective qubit-qubit interactions, and their individual and collective spontaneous emission. We prove the existence of collective Lamb shifts that affect the qubit-qubit interactions and the dependency of coherent and incoherent interactions on the qubit separation. We also develop the scattering theory associated with these models and prove single-photon spectroscopy does probe the renormalized resonances of the singleand multiqubit models, in sharp contrast to earlier toy models in which individual and collective Lamb shifts cancel
Culture: Not just Burns â what about the poet Robert Fergusson?
No abstract available
Overview of the dissemination of n_TOF experimental data and resonance parameters
The n_TOF neutron time-of-flight facility at CERN is used for nuclear data measurements. The n_TOF Collaboration works closely with the Nuclear Reaction Data Centres (NRDC) network to disseminate the experimental data through the international EXFOR library. In addition, the Collaboration helps integrate the results in the evaluated library projects. The present contribution describes the dissemination status of n_TOF results, their impact on evaluated libraries and ongoing efforts to provide n_TOF resonance parameters in ENDF-6 format for further use by evaluation projects
The n_TOF NEAR Station Commissioning and first physics case
The NEAR Station is a new experimental area developed at the n_TOF Facility at CERN. The activation station of NEAR underwent a characterization of the beam following the installation of the new n_TOF Spallation Target. The commissioning of the neutron beam comprises a set of simulations made with the FLUKA code and experimental verification. The experimental determination of the neutron spectrum was made using activation techniques with three separate set-ups. Two set-ups were based on the Multi-foil Activation technique (MAM-1 and MAM-2), and the third set-up relied on the process of neutron moderation and activation of a single material (ANTILoPE). The three set-ups are presented. Also the present plans and future perspectives of the activation station of NEAR are discussed
Extended parametric resonances in nonlinear Schrodinger systems
We study an example of exact parametric resonance in a extended system ruled
by nonlinear partial differential equations of nonlinear Schr\"odinger type. It
is also conjectured how related models not exactly solvable should behave in
the same way. The results have applicability in recent experiments in
Bose-Einstein condensation and to classical problems in Nonlinear Optics.Comment: 1 figur
Ethylene and phloem signals are involved in the regulation of responses to Fe and P deficiencies in roots of strategy I plants
Iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) are two essential mineral nutrients whose acquisition by plants presents important environmental and economic implications. Both elements are abundant in most soils but scarcely available to plants. To prevent Fe or P deficiency dicot plants initiate morphological and physiological responses in their roots aimed to specifically acquire these elements. The existence of common signals in Fe and P deficiency pathways suggests the signaling factors must act in conjunction with distinct nutrient-specific signals in order to confer tolerance to each deficiency. Previous works have shown the existence of cross talk between responses to Fe and P deficiency, but details of the associated signaling pathways remain unclear. Herein, the impact of foliar application of either P or Fe on P and Fe responses was studied in P- or Fe-deficient plants of Arabidopsis thaliana, including mutants exhibiting altered Fe or P homeostasis. Ferric reductase and acid phosphatase activities in roots were determined as well as the expression of genes related to P and Fe acquisition. The results obtained showed that Fe deficiency induces the expression of P acquisition genes and phosphatase activity, whereas P deficiency induces the expression of Fe acquisition genes and ferric reductase activity, although only transitorily. Importantly, these responses were reversed upon foliar application of either Fe or P on nutrient-starved plants. Taken together, the results reveal interactions between P- and Fe-related phloem signals originating in the shoots that likely interact with hormones in the roots to initiate adaptive mechanisms to tolerate deficiency of each nutrient
Cosmic Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates
A dynamical correspondence is established between positively curved,
isotropic, perfect fluid cosmologies and quasi-two-dimensional, harmonically
trapped Bose-Einstein condensates by mapping the equations of motion for both
systems onto the one-dimensional Ermakov system. Parameters that characterize
the physical properties of the condensate wavepacket, such as its width,
momentum and energy, may be identified with the scale factor, Hubble expansion
parameter and energy density of the universe, respectively. Different forms of
cosmic matter correspond to different choices for the time-dependent trapping
frequency of the condensate. The trapping frequency that mimics a
radiation-dominated universe is determined.Comment: 12 pages, no figures. Extended discussion. In Press, Classical and
Quantum Gravit
Adenosine A2A receptor modulation of hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapse plasticity during associative learning in behaving mice
© 2009 Nature Publishing Group All rights reservedPrevious in vitro studies have characterized the electrophysiological and molecular signaling pathways of adenosine tonic modulation on long-lasting synaptic plasticity events, particularly for hippocampal long-term potentiation(LTP). However, it remains to be elucidated
whether the long-term changes produced by endogenous adenosine in the efficiency of synapses are related to those required for
learning and memory formation. Our goal was to understand how endogenous activation of adenosine excitatory A2A receptors modulates the associative learning evolution in conscious behaving mice. We have studied here the effects of the application of a highly selective A2A receptor antagonist, SCH58261, upon a well-known associative learning paradigm - classical eyeblink conditioning. We used a trace paradigm, with a tone as the conditioned stimulus (CS) and an electric shock presented to the supraorbital nerve as the unconditioned stimulus(US). A single electrical pulse was presented to the Schaffer collateralâcommissural pathway to evoke field EPSPs (fEPSPs) in the pyramidal CA1 area during the CSâUS interval. In vehicle-injected animals, there was a progressive increase in the percentage of conditioning responses (CRs) and in the slope of fEPSPs through conditioning sessions, an effect that was completely prevented (and lost) in SCH58261 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.)-injected animals. Moreover, experimentally evoked LTP was impaired in SCH58261- injected mice. In conclusion, the endogenous activation of adenosine A2A receptors plays a pivotal effect on the associative learning process and its relevant hippocampal circuits, including activity-dependent changes at the CA3-CA1 synapse.This study was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Research (BFU2005-01024 and BFU2005-02512), Spanish Junta de AndalucĂa (BIO-122 and CVI-02487), and the FundaciĂłn Conocimiento y Cultura of
the Pablo de Olavide University (Seville, Spain).B. Fontinha was in receipt of a studentship from a project grant (POCI/SAU-NEU/56332/2004) supported by Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), and of an STSM from Cost B30 concerted action of the EU
Nonlocal interactions prevent collapse in negative scattering length Bose-Einstein gases
We study the effect of nonlocality on the collapse properties of a
self-focusing Nonlinear Schr\"odinger system related to Bose-Einstein
condensation problems.
Using a combination of moment techniques, time dependent variational methods
and numerical simulations we present evidences in support of the hypothesis
that nonlocal attractively interacting condensates cannot collapse when the
dominant interaction term is due to finite range interactions. Instead there
apppear oscillations of the wave packet with a localized component whose size
is of the order of the range of interactions.
We discuss the implications of the results to collapse phenomena in negative
scattering length Bose-Einstein condensates
The 33S(n,α)30Si cross section measurement at n-TOF-EAR2 (CERN) : From 0.01 eV to the resonance region
The 33S(n,α)30Si cross section measurement, using 10B(n,α) as reference, at the n-TOF Experimental Area 2 (EAR2) facility at CERN is presented. Data from 0.01 eV to 100 keV are provided and, for the first time, the cross section is measured in the range from 0.01 eV to 10 keV. These data may be used for a future evaluation of the cross section because present evaluations exhibit large discrepancies. The 33S(n,α)30Si reaction is of interest in medical physics because of its possible use as a cooperative target to boron in Neutron Capture Therapy (NCT)
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