Estimation of spleen volume and surface area of the newborns’ cadaveric spleen using stereological methods

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare different techniques for the estimation of spleen volume and surface area using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, ultrasonography (USG) images and cadaveric specimen, and to evaluate errors associated with volume estimation techniques based onfluid displacement.Materials and methods: Five new born cadavers, aged 39.7 ± 1.5 weeks, weighted 2.220 ± 1.056 g, were included in the present study. Three different methods were used to assess the spleen volume. The vertical section technique was applied using cycloid test probes for estimation of spleen surface area in MRI.Results: The mean ± standard deviation of spleen volumes by fluid displacement was 4.82 ± 3.85 cm3. Volumes determined by the Cavalieri’s principle using physical section and point-counting techniques were 4.45 ± 3.47 cm3 and 4.65 ± 3.75 cm3, respectively; volumes measured by USG and cadaver using ellipsoid formula were 4.70 ± 3.02 cm3 and 5.98 ± 4.58 cm3, respectively. No significant differences were found among all methods (p > 0.05). The spleen surface area was calculated as a 32.3 ± 20.6 cm2 by physical sections using cadaver and also it was determined on axial, sagittal and coronal MR planes as 24.9 ± 15.2 cm2, 18.5 ± 5.92 cm2 and 24.3 ± 12.7 cm2, respectively.Conclusions: As a result, MR images allow an easy, reliable and reproducible volume and surface area estimation of normal and abnormal spleen using Cavalieri’sprinciple. We consider that our study may serve as a reference for similar studies to be conducted in future

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new Schiff bases having the -SiOR group (R = CH 3 or CH 2 CH 3 ), and their transition metal complexes

Two new Schiff base ligands containing -SiOCH 3 or -SiOCH 2 CH 3 groups, 4-{[(3-trimethoxysilanepropyl)imino]methyl} benzene-1,3-diol (1) Hmsb and 4-{[(3-triethoxysilanepropyl)imino]methyl}benzene- 1,3-diol (5) Hesb, have been synthesized by the reaction of 2,4- dihydroxybenzaldehyde with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Six new transition metal [Cu II , Ni II and Co II complexes of these Schiff Base ligands were prepared. The complexes are formed by coordination of N, O atoms of the ligands. Their structures were confirmed by elemental analyses, 1 H nmr, i.r. and u.v.-vis. spectral data. The analytical data shows that the metal-to-ligand ratio in the Schiff Base complexes contains silane in 1:2. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of (1) Hmsb and (5) Hesb Schiff ligands, and their [M(msb) 2 ] and [M(esb) 2 ] type coordination compounds, were investigated. © Springer 2005

Sperm characteristics of wild European flounder (Platichthys flesus luscus)

The spermatologic characteristics of European flounder (Platichthys flesus luscus) were determined. Flounder were collected during the spawning season and sperm of eight males was extracted by abdominal massage. Body weight and total length of the flounder were measured, volume, motility, duration of motility, spermatocrit, density, and pH of the sperm were determined, and correlations between the spermatologic characteristics and weight and length were investigated. Mean values were 0.7±0.16 ml for sperm volume, 87.5±3.66% for motility, 22.0±1.49 min for duration of motility, 94.0±1.22% for spermatocrit, 2.7±0.16 × 109/ml for density, and 6.9±0.05 for pH. Body length and sperm volume had positive correlations with body weight (p<0.01), but the correlation between length and sperm volume was negative (p<0.01). Likewise, the correlations between spermatocrit and total length, sperm volume, and density were negative (p<0.05). © 2012, Israeli Journal of Aquaculture – BAMIGDEH. All rights reserved

New soluble coordination chain polymers of nickel(II) and copper(II) ions and their biological activity

A new tetraoxime ligand, (2E, 3E, 9E, 10E)-1, 4, 8, 11- tetraazacyclotetradecane-2, 3, 9, 10-tetrone tetraoxime has been prepared by the template condensation of 1,3-propanediamine and cyanogen-di-N-oxide, obtained by treating (E, E)-dichloroglyoxime in CH 2 Cl 2 with Na 2 CO 3 at -10 °C. The coordination chain polymers {[(pnngH 2 ) 2 Ni] n (5) and [(pncgH 2 ) 2 Cu] n ( 6 )} of two transition metal ions, [Ni(II) and Cu(II)] with the vic-dioxime ligand have been prepared. The oxime ligand acts as a polydentate ligand bending through nitrogen atoms in the presence of a base, as do most of the vic-dioximes. In the complexes, the chloride ions coordinate to the nickel and copper ions. The structures of these novel vic-dioxime compounds are proposed on the basis of the elemental analyses, molar conductance data, i.r., and U.v.-visible are presented. Elemental analyses indicate a ligand metal ratio of 1:1 in the coordination polymers. Conductivity measurements have shown that mono- and polynuclear complexes are non-electrolytes. In addition, anti-microbial activities of the compounds have been investigated. © Springer 2005.We thank the Research Fund of Kahramanmara·s Süt-c¸ ü İmam University for financial support

User preferences and problems encountered in the selection of housing windows in Turkey

Dilik, Tuncer/0000-0002-2598-2085; Erdinler, Emine Seda/0000-0002-7814-4333; Koc, Kucuk Huseyin/0000-0001-6370-2016; Sevim Korkut, Derya/0000-0002-0963-016X; Sevim Korkut, Derya/0000-0001-7903-1843WOS: 000285690600022In this study, the most preferred window type relating to housing in Turkey according to the quality of the material used during production, the reasons of preference, the problems encountered during the use of the preferred windows, production defects and the assessments of the users relating to windows production industry have been studied. The study is planned within the scope of Duzce city, a region with a great disaster and damage during the 1999 earthquakes in Turkey. The basic reasons for selecting the region as the study region are the socio-economical structure of the region and its position which makes it open for industrial developments, as well as displaying a faster structuring and renovation process compared to the other regions in Turkey. Direct surveys have been applied to different families living in Duzce city. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the users consider the durability of the window while selecting (71%) and this is followed by affordability (20%), availability of service facilities (7%) and other reasons (2%). Furthermore, it is also determined that the window preferences of the existing users are 54% plastic (PVC), 38% wood and 8% aluminum