Analysis of the social development in isolated rural areas through agent-based simulation

Este documento busca identificar el desarrollo humano y social en áreas rurales donde la energía juega un papel importante en la forma en la cual las personas toman decisiones y su papel en la mejora de la calidad de vida, medida como la satisfacción de las necesidades básicas de Maslow. El modelo de simulación basada en agentes (ABM) descrito, en conjunto con los resultados de simulaciones realizadas permite caracterizar y concluir respecto al impacto de la adopción de la energía en el desarrollo de una región rural. El estudio muestra que las comunidades están en capacidad de adaptarse y generar un incremento en la calidad de vida mediante el uso de la energía en la vida diaria, permitiendo mostrar que la adopción de una energía en la zona es una herramienta que posibilita el desarrollo de la región.The purpose of this research work is to identify the human and social development in rural areas where electric energy plays an important role in the way people make decisions, and its role in the life quality improvement, which is measured as the satisfaction of Maslow’s basic needs. The described simulation model, based on agents (ABM), jointly with the results of performed simulations allow characterizing and concluding with regard to the impact of the incorporation of electric energy in the development of a rural region. The study exhibits that communities have the capability to adapt and generate an increase in the quality of life by means of the use of electric power in the day-to-day life, allowing to show that the incorporation of electric energy in the area is a tool that enables the development of the region

Políticas para la integración del juicio experto y los pronósticos estadísticos en el marco organizacional

Ha sido ampliamente reconocida la importanciade la predicción en la tomade decisiones, y se han encontrado evidenciasde que uno de los métodos másefectivos es el ajuste de los pronósticosobtenidos a partir de modelos matemáticosusando juicios informados. Noobstante, existe una amplia cantidadde factores que pueden afectar la calidady credibilidad de las predicciones;en este trabajo se examinan aquellosfactores relacionados con las políticasorganizacionales, y se proponen variasestrategias para su mitigación.Predicción, Estrategia Organizacional,Juicio Experto, ModeladoMatemático

egaku: Enhancing the Sketching Process

Architects sketch using a translucent vellum tracing paper with a thick pencil or marker. The translucency of the paper allows architects to employ a layer-drawing technique for the exploration of ideas derived from their basic design. For example, working with a single base layer such as a map of the site, architects can design upwards of hundreds of possible variations. This ultimately leads to a great pile of drawings, which compose the piles of papers typically strewn about an architecture studio. Individually, these “referential” sketches represent small pieces of a much larger design concept [Graves 1977]. Although they are valuable,they are often cumbersome to manage during the ideation process because it interrupts the flow of ideation, and even difficult to understand when a single sketch is taken out of associated sketches

Iron bioaccessibility and sensory analysis of extruded cereals fortified with different Fe sources

To increase iron (Fe) intake in Fe deficiency-risk groups the combination of Fe source and food-vehicle must be chosen in order to minimize inhibitory effects of food matrix. Fe dialyzability and sensory properties were tested in six model systems (MS) made with extruded cereals fortified with different Fe sources such as FeNaEDTA, FeSO4 and EDTA/FeSO4 among others and with or without the addition of milk. Proximate composition and phytate content were also evaluated. Results showed that Fe dialyzability from samples fortified with FeNaEDTA was less affected by the presence of inhibitory factors such as phytates and milk. The addition of FeSO4 to the extrudates showed sensory differences. Furthermore, fortification with EDTA/FeSO4 or FeNaEDTA showed no sensory differences compared with unfortified or Feº (elemental iron) fortified matrix, with the advantage of increased iron bioaccessibility.Fil: Cagnasso, Carolina Elisa. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Calviño, Amalia Mirta. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Laura Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cellerino, Karina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dyner, Luis Marcelo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Binaghi, Maria Julieta. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Viviana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Drago, Silvina Rosa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Tecnología de los Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Rolando Jose. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Tecnología de los Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Valencia, Mirta Eva. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin

Colecistectomía convencional y colecistectomía laparoscópica ventajas y complicaciones Hospital Cayetano Heredia enero a junio del 2018

Objetivo: Determinar las ventajas y complicaciones de Colecistectomía convencional y laparoscópica en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Cayetano Heredia de enero a junio del 2018 Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal; la población estuvo determinada por todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda que fueron sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica y convencional y la muestra no aleatoria por conveniencia, de las historias clínicas que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Siendo un total de 80 pacientes Resultados: De los 80 pacientes 40 fueron sometidos a colecistectomía convencional y 40 por cirugía laparoscópica. El sexo femenino fue predominante en ambos grupos, la edad promedio fue de 37.05. Estado civil casado(a), y procedencia urbana. El 92.5% de las pacientes sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica presentaron un tiempo operatorio menor de 2 horas, el 95% el sangrado fue menor a 150 ml, en comparación con el 32.5% de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía abierta. La estancia post operatoria fue menor también en el grupo de cirugía laparoscópica. El 100% de los pacientes intervenidos por cirugía laparoscópica fueron curados a comparación del 97.5% de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía abierta. Ninguno de los pacientes resultó muerto. Las complicaciones de la cirugía laparoscópica fueron la infección superficial del sitio operatorio con 2.5%, el enfisema subcutáneo con 2.5% y vómitos post operatorio con 2.5%; los pacientes sometidos a cirugía convencional presentaron más complicaciones, náuseas y vómitos post operatorios en un 20%, sangrado post quirúrgico y dolor post operatorio 10%, ictericia post quirúrgica y lesión de víscera hueca 5%. El plastrón fue el hallazgo más frecuente en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía abierta con 25%, edema vesicular 20%. Para la cirugía laparoscópica los hallazgos fueron el plastrón en un 10%, seguido de edema vesicular 8% e hidrocolecisto y piocolecisto con 4%. Conclusión: La colecistectomía laparoscópica tiene más ventajas y menos complicaciones que la convencional en los pacientes atendidos en el servicio de cirugía general del hospital Cayetano Heredia en el periodo de enero a junio del 2018.Objective: To determine the advantages and complications of conventional and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the general surgery service of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital from January to June 2018 Methodology: Observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study; The population was determined by all patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic and conventional surgery and the non-random sample for convenience of the clinical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Being a total of 80 patients. Results: Of the 80 patients, 40 underwent conventional cholecystectomy and 40 underwent laparoscopic surgery. 73.75% of the population was female, the average age was 37.05 and females were predominant in both groups. Married marital status, and urban origin. 92.5% of the patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery had an operative time of less than 2 hours, 95% of the bleeding was less than 150 ml, compared to 32.5% of the patients undergoing open surgery. The postoperative stay was also lower in the laparoscopic surgery group. 100% of the patients operated on by laparoscopic surgery were cured compared to 97.5% of the patients undergoing open surgery. None of the patients was killed. the complications of laparoscopic surgery were superficial infection of the operative site with 2.5%, subcutaneous emphysema with 2.5% and postoperative vomiting with 2.5%; patients undergoing conventional surgery had more complications, post-operative nausea and vomiting in 20%, post-surgical bleeding and post-operative pain 10%, postsurgical jaundice and 5% hollow wound injury. The plastron was the most frequent finding in patients undergoing open surgery with 25%, vesicular edema 20%. For laparoscopic surgery, the findings were the plastron in 10%, followed by vesicular edema 8% and hydrocholecisto and piocolecisto with 4%.Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has more advantages and fewer complications than the conventional one in the patients attended in the general surgery service of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital from January to June 2018.Tesi

System dynamics platforms for integrated energy analysis

The energy field has been dominated in recent years by two different themes: on the one hand, the integrated approach to energy planning, and, on the other hand, the ownership structures for industries' management. This thesis investigates a broad range of problems arising in relation to these themes, including demand-side management, technology diffusion and supply-side management. It also reviews the corresponding approaches to assist the decision making process in connection with these problems. It is shown here that there is a methodological vacuum with respect to the support tools for energy analysis due to emerging policy challenges in the energy field, and methodological solutions are proposed to this end. The contribution is thus primarily three fold: 1) a methodology to assist both policy analysis and strategic processes, 2) a systems platform to assess policy and strategy, and 3) evaluation of specific policy and strategic issues arising in the new liberalised environments being implemented in both the British and Colombian energy systems. In this case, methodological connections are appropriate as the Colombian Government has incorporated aspects of the British energy system set-up. This thesis contains seven chapters. Chapter 1, from an extensive literature review, establishes a dilemma in relation to the methodology required to support system analysis and planning. Chapter 2 presents a new methodological proposal to meet the requirements. Chapter 3 concept-tests the proposal and specifies an analysis-support platform as a generic aid to modelling. Chapter 4 develops a case study for the UK energy system, partially testing the proposed approach and the analysis platform especially constructed for this situation. Chapter 5 elaborates upon a case study for the Colombian energy sector, examining in detail both methodology and the analysis platform uniquely designed for this case. Chapter 6, with the support of a platform construct, studies and assesses energy policies for Colombia. Finally, Chapter 7 summarises and concludes the major findings of this thesis