A study of profile of patients with different degrees of anemia

Background: It has been estimated that 1.62 billion population of the world are suffering from anemia. Preschool children show a highest prevalence of 47.4%. Adult males show a lowest prevalence of 12.7% of anemia. Objective was to study the profile of patients with different degrees of anemia.Methods: Over a period of seven months, from January 2014 to July 2014, a cross sectional study was conducted at department of pathology, Lt. BRKM government medical college, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India. It was possible to study the 250 cases during the tenure of the study period for the present study.Results: It was found that only 3.2% of cases were not having anemia. Thus, the overall prevalence of anemia in the present study was found out to be 96.8%. 62.5% of males and 37.5% of females were having normal hemoglobin. It was found that with normal hemoglobin of more than 12 gm%, no case was having serum iron less than 10.6 µmol/l. All cases without anemia had normal serum iron. 30.3% of cases of anemia had normal serum iron levels. 75.6% of cases across all degrees of anemia were showing microcytosis. This was more in moderate anemia having hemoglobin of 6-9 gm% followed by 42.4% in cases having mild anemia of hemoglobin of 9-12 gm%. Only 13.5% with severe degree of anemia were showing the microcytosis. 24.4% of cases were showing the normocytosis whereas no case has shown the macrocytosis.Conclusions: Prevalence of anemia was more in females. Serum iron did not correspond with the degree of anemia. There is need to emphasize more on awareness about anemia and its prevention especially in mother and child age group

Field of a Radiation Distributuion

General relativistic spherically symmetric matter field with a vanishing stress energy scalar is analyzed. Procedure for generating exact solutions of the field equations for such matter distributions is given. It is further pointed out that all such type I spherically symmetric fields with distinct eignvalues in the radial two space can be treated as a mixture of isotropic and directed radiations. Various classes of exact solutions are given. Junction conditions for such a matter field to the possible exterior solutions are also discussed.Comment: Latex file, 13 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Three-Dimensional Flow Analysis over Canard Configuration in Turbulence Model

The canard has been seen as an ominous aerodynamic object for ages this paper is to shed some more light on the effects of canard configuration on the aircraft’s wings. This flow-field analysis is thus being done using a turbulence model solution to take into the effects of a real-time environment where the vortices from the canard are captured more accurately. The analysis has been done meticulously and made to be as error-free as possible under the guidance of Dr. Yagya Dutta Dwivedi

The final fate of spherical inhomogeneous dust collapse II: Initial data and causal structure of singularity

Further to results in [9], pointing out the role of initial density and velocity distributions towards determining the final outcome of spherical dust collapse, the causal structure of singularity is examined here in terms of evolution of the apparent horizon. We also bring out several related features which throw some useful light towards understanding the nature of this singularity, including the behaviour of geodesic families coming out and some aspects related to the stability of singularity.Comment: Latex file, uses epsf.sty, 15 pages and 3 eps figures. Paragraph on role of smooth functions rewritten. Four references added. To appear in Classical & Quantum Gravit

Null Geodesic Expansion in Spherical Gravitational Collapse

We derive an expression for the expansion of outgoing null geodesics in spherical dust collapse and compute the limiting value of the expansion in the approach to singularity formation. An analogous expression is derived for the spherical collapse of a general form of matter. We argue on the basis of these results that the covered as well as the naked singularity solutions arising in spherical dust collapse are stable under small changes in the equation of state.Comment: 10 pages, Latex File, No figure

Hari Deo Upadhyaya

This chapter discusses Hari Deo Upadhyaya, a plant breeder, geneticist and genetic resources specialist, and his contributions in management and utilization of genetic resources, molecular biology and biometrics, and in groundnut breeding. Hari's contributions in genetic resources include enriching germplasm collections; forming representative subsets in the form of core and/or mini-core collections in chickpea, groundnut, pigeonpea, pearl millet, sorghum, and six small millets; unlocking population structures, diversity and association genetics; and identifying genetically diverse and agronomically desirable germplasm accessions for use in crop breeding. The Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research (CGIAR) recognized his concept and process of forming mini-core collection as International Public Goods (IPGs) and researchers worldwide are now using mini core-collections as useful genetic resources in breeding and genomics of the aforementioned crops. A genebank manager's role isn't just confined to collection, maintenance, and archiving germplasm. Hari's spirited efforts prove so and they led many to realize the abundant opportunities to mine and enhance the value of the genetic resources in crop improvement programs. As a geneticist, his seminal work on wilt resistance in chickpea laid a strong foundation for the wilt resistance breeding programs globally. His contributions as a groundnut breeder resulted in the release of 27 cultivars in 18 countries, some widely grown, and 24 elite germplasm releases with unique characteristics made available to groundnut researchers worldwide. Hari's inimitable ability and scientific competence allowed him to collaborate with diverse groups and institutions worldwide. His scientific contributions in germplasm research and groundnut breeding have been recognized with several prestigious global awards and honors. A prolific writer and with immense passion for teaching, Hari Upadhyaya has established a school of his own for the management, evaluation and use of genetic resources for crop improvement

Comparative clinical profile of patients of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) with and without Metabolic Syndrome: a prospective observational study

Background: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is one of common disorder in men of old age group. The pathogenesis of BPH is multi-factorial and still not been fully elucidated. There are numerous reports which suggest possible link between several metabolic alterations known as Metabolic Syndrome. In the present study, the aim was to establish relation between Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Metabolic Syndrome and to find out effects of therapeutic intervention of Metabolic Syndrome on prostatic parameters.Methods: 93 patients of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia enrolled who met qualifying criteria for inclusion in study and divided into three groups on the basis of Metabolic Syndrome and its treatment administered. Administration of alpha adrenergic blocker was common to all patients of all groups. Metabolic parameters including Fasting blood glucose, High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Triglycerides (TGs), waist circumference and prostatic parameters that is prostate volume, prostate specific antigen (PSA), uroflometry, International prostate symptom score (IPSS) were assessed at baseline, after 3 and 6 months follow-up. Further appropriate statistical tests were applied for comparison of parameters among groups.Results: Patients receiving no treatment for Metabolic Syndrome were having most deranged prostatic parameters as compared to patients without Metabolic Syndrome or patients with Metabolic Syndrome receiving treatment for same. Further patients receiving treatment for Metabolic Syndrome and alpha adrenergic blocker were having better clinical profile than patients of alpha adrenergic blocker alone.Conclusions: These findings show probable link between Metabolic Syndrome and worse prostatic profile. Metabolic Syndrome must be looked for and treated in patients of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Metabolic derangements must not be overlooked and must be treated accordingly

Quantum Radiation from Black Holes and Naked Singularities in Spherical Dust Collapse

A sufficiently massive collapsing star will end its life as a spacetime singularity. The nature of the Hawking radiation emitted during collapse depends critically on whether the star's boundary conditions are such as would lead to the eventual formation of a black hole or, alternatively, to the formation of a naked singularity. This latter possibility is not excluded by the singularity theorems. We discuss the nature of the Hawking radiation emitted in each case. We justify the use of Bogoliubov transforms in the presence of a Cauchy horizon and show that if spacetime is assumed to terminate at the Cauchy horizon, the resulting spectrum is thermal, but with a temperature different from the Hawking temperature.Comment: PHYZZX macros, 27 pages, 3 figure

The post-lunch effect of regular and decaffeinated coffee on psychomotor performance: a randomized double-blind cross-over study

Background: This study aimed to compare the effect of regular coffee and decaffeinated coffee on psychomotor performance in healthy volunteers during post-lunch period.Methods: In this randomized double-blind cross-over study, adult healthy volunteers were given hot coffee (3 g each of regular or decaffeinated coffee) during post-lunch period. Psychomotor functions (critical flicker-fusion frequency (CFF), choice reaction time (CRT) and error count in hand-steadiness test (HST)), blood pressure and heart rate were measured pre-lunch, pre-coffee (1-hour post-lunch) and 1-hour post-coffee consumption. Subjective ratings of sleepiness and mood were also assessed during post-lunch sessions.Results: The mean age of the participants (n=16) was 27.4±2.7 years with a male: female ratio of 7:9. There was no significant deterioration in psychomotor performance post-lunch when compared to pre-lunch on both the days. The mean CFF, CRT, errors committed in HST and cardiovascular parameters did not differ significantly between regular coffee and decaffeinated groups during post-lunch sessions. There was no significant difference in values of cardiovascular parameters as well as subjective ratings of sleep and mood between two groups.Conclusions: In healthy adult individuals’ consumption of both regular coffee and decaffeinated coffee during the post-lunch period did not affect psychomotor performance

Breeding methods of cultivar development in Groundnut

Cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a segmental amphidiploid (2n = 4x = 20) with a basic Chromosome number (x) of 10. However, it behaves as a diploid. It is believed to have originated from a single hybridization event between A. duranensis and A. ipaensis not too distant in the past (Kochert et al. 1996). Archaeological evidence from excavations in Peru place the origin of A. hypogaea at least 3500 years ago (Singh and Simpson, 1994)……………